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{{Bilateral|Kingdom of Hungary–Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Kingdom of Yugoslavia}}
{{Bilateral|Hungary–Yugoslavia|Second Hungarian Republic|Yugoslavia}}
{{Bilateral|Hungary–Yugoslavia|Hungarian People's Republic|Yugoslavia|map=Hungary-Yugoslavia locator.svg}}
{{Bilateral|Hungary–Yugoslavia|Hungary|Yugoslavia|map=}}'''Hungary–Yugoslavia relations''' ({{langx|hu|Magyarország-Jugoszlávia kapcsolatok}}; {{lang-sh-Latn-Cyrl|Odnosi Mađarske i Jugoslavije|Односи Мађарске и Југославије}}; {{langx|sl|Madžarsko-jugoslovanski odnosi}}; {{langx|mk|Односите меѓу Унгарија и Југославија}}) were historical foreign relations between neighboring [[Hungary]] (historically [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Kingdom of Hungary]] 1920-1946 and the [[Hungarian People's Republic]] 1949–1989) and now [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|broken up]] [[Yugoslavia]] ([[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] 1918-1941 and [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] 1945–1992).

== Country comparison ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Common name
![[Hungarian People's Republic|Hungary]]
![[Yugoslavia]]
|-
!Official name
!Hungarian People’s Republic
![[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]]
|-
|Coat of arms
|[[File:Coat of arms of Hungary (1957-1990).svg|center|153x153px]]
|[[File:Emblem of Yugoslavia (1963–1992).svg|center|140x140px]]
|-
|Flag
|[[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|center|130x130px]]
|[[File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg|center|130x130px]]
|-
|Capital
|[[Budapest]]
|[[Belgrade]]
|-
|Largest city 
|[[Budapest]]
|[[Belgrade]]
|-
|Government
|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] [[One-party state|one-party]] [[Socialist state|socialist republic]]
|[[Socialist state|Socialist republic]]
|-
|Population
|10,375,323 
|22,229,846
|-
|Official languages
|[[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]
|No official language
[[Serbo-Croatian]] (de facto state-wide)
[[Slovene language|Slovene]] (in [[Socialist Republic of Slovenia|Slovenia]]) and [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]] (in [[Socialist Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]])
|-
|First leader
|[[Mátyás Rákosi|Mátiás Rakosi]]
|[[Josip Broz Tito|Joseph Broz Tito]]
|-
|Last Leader
|[[Rezső Nyers|Rezsó Nyers]]
|[[Milan Pančevski|Milan Penčevski]]
|-
|Religion
|[[Secular state]] (de jure), [[state atheism]] (de facto), [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] (majority)
|[[Secular state]] (de jure), [[state atheism]] (de facto)
|-
|Alliances
|[[Warsaw Pact]], [[Comecon]]
|[[Non-Aligned Movement]]
|}

==History==
===Interwar period===
[[File:Yugoslav Hungary Eternal Friendship 1941.png|thumb|Foreign Ministers [[Aleksandar Cincar-Marković]] and [[László Bárdossy]] signed the Treaty of Eternal Friendship between Yugoslavia and Hungary on 14 March 1941 in Budapest.]]
[[File:Teleki resignation letter.jpg|thumb|right|Suicide letter of Pál Teleki]]
At the time of [[creation of Yugoslavia]] during the [[Paris Peace Conference, 1919|Paris Peace Conference]] following the conclusion of [[World War I]], the [[Entente Powers]] signed the [[Treaty of Trianon]] with Hungary after the breakup of [[Austria-Hungary]]. Among other things, the treaty defined the border between Hungary and the newly created [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes]] (renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929). Sizable numbers of [[Hungarians]] and [[Volksdeutsch]]e remained in the areas incorporated into the kingdom. The newly formed Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a [[status quo state]] which sought to consolidate success of the South Slavic unification movement while Hungary was [[revisionist state]] whose leaders believed that their country had a right to some parts of Yugoslavia.

On 14 March 1941 in Budapest Foreign Ministers [[Aleksandar Cincar-Marković]] and [[László Bárdossy]] signed the ''Treaty of Eternal Friendship between Yugoslavia and Hungary''. Following the short-lasting [[Yugoslav accession to the Tripartite Pact]] on 25 March 1941 the [[Yugoslav coup d'état]] took place on 27 March 1941 when the regency led by Prince Paul of Yugoslavia was overthrown and King Peter II fully assumed power. The coup led directly to the German-led Axis [[invasion of Yugoslavia]] in which [[Pál Teleki]] government of Hungary was pressured to join the attack. When Teleki received a call that is thought to have informed him that the German army had just started its march into Hungary.<ref name=montgomery>{{Cite book | author=Montgomery, John F. | title=Hungary, the Unwilling Satellite | year=1947 | publisher=Simon Publications | isbn=1-931313-57-1 }}</ref> Teleki committed suicide with a pistol during the night of 3 April 1941 and was found the next morning. His suicide note said in part:
{{blockquote|We broke our word, – out of cowardice [...] The nation feels it, and we have thrown away its honor. We have allied ourselves to scoundrels [...] We will become body-snatchers! A nation of trash. I did not hold you back. I am guilty"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?action=nextchapter&bid=9&cid=16#N_36_|title=The Annotated Memoirs of Admiral Milklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary|last=Horthy|first=Miklós|author2=Andrew L. Simon|year= 1957|work=Ilona Bowden|access-date=July 6, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104141626/http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?action=nextchapter&bid=9&cid=16#N_36_|archive-date=4 January 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Dimitrije Boarov |page=48 |editor1=Svetlana Lukić |editor2=Svetlana Vuković |date=2011 |title=Debele knjige i debele mačke |publisher=Čigoja štampa |isbn=978-86-86391-26-1 }}</ref>}}

[[Winston Churchill]] later wrote, "His suicide was a sacrifice to absolve himself and his people from guilt in the German attack on Yugoslavia."<ref>{{Cite book |author1=Churchill, Winston |author2=Keegan, John |title=The Second World War (Six Volume Boxed Set) |year=1948 |publisher=Mariner Books |isbn=978-0-395-41685-3 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/gatheringstorm0000unse/page/148 148] |url=https://archive.org/details/gatheringstorm0000unse/page/148 }}</ref>  On 6 April 1941, Germany launched [[Operation Punishment]] (''Unternehmen Strafgericht''), the bombing of [[Belgrade]], [[Yugoslavia]].  Some historians consider Teleki's suicide an act of patriotism.<ref>{{cite news|title=In Hungary, a Belated Holocaust Memorial|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-apr-27-fg-holocaust27-story.html|access-date=22 September 2009|date=27 March 2004|author=Sonya Yee|work=Los Angeles Times|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520072756/http://articles.latimes.com/2004/apr/27/world/fg-holocaust27|archive-date=20 May 2011}}</ref> Britain shortly afterward broke diplomatic relations with Hungary but did not declare war until December.

===World War II===
During the [[World War II in Yugoslavia]], [[Hungarian occupation of Yugoslav territories]] included military occupation, then annexation, of the [[Bačka]], [[Baranya (region)|Baranja]], [[Međimurje]] and [[Prekmurje]] regions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

===Cold War===
After the end of the World War II relations between the two states rapidly improved but this development was abruptly interrupted by the escalation of the Soviet–Yugoslav conflict following the 1948 [[Tito-Stalin split]].<ref name="Vukman">{{cite journal |last=Vukman |first=Péter |date=2020 |title= Living in the Vicinity of the Yugoslav–Hungarian Border (1945–1960): Breaks and Continuities. A Case Study of Hercegszántó (Santovo) |url=https://doi.org/10.32728/flux.2020.2.1 |journal=History in Flux: Journal of the Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Juraj Dobrila University of Pula |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=9–27 |doi=10.32728/flux.2020.2.1 |access-date=15 February 2021}}</ref> Tensions eased in 1953 after [[Stalin]]'s death.<ref name="Vukman"/>

====Hungarian Revolution of 1956====
During 1956, Tito and Khrushchev met four times. While Yugoslav media and authorities verbally supported the [[Imre Nagy]], Yugoslav authorities were nevertheless highly worried about [[nationalist]] rhetoric spillover into multiethnic Yugoslavia.<ref name="Granville">{{cite journal |last=Granville |first=Johanna |date=1998 |title=Hungary, 1956: The Yugoslav Connection |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/153382 |journal=[[Europe-Asia Studies]] |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=493–517 |doi=10.1080/09668139808412549 |jstor=153382 |access-date=15 February 2021}}</ref> Between 31 October and 1 November, just three days before Soviet intervention, leading Yugoslav newspaper [[Borba (newspaper)|Borba]] stopped supporting Nagy government due to its "right-wing elements".<ref name="Granville"/> Yugoslav approach towards changes in Hungary was faced fear of Moscow’s wish to bring Yugoslavia back into its camp (which motivated Yugoslav support to Hungary) and fear of how rebellions could sweep away communist regimes (which motivated support to Soviet Union).<ref name="YU-historija">{{cite web|url=https://www.yuhistorija.com/int_relations_txt01.html |author=[[Tvrtko Jakovina]] |title=Yugoslavia on the International Scene: The Active Coexistence of Non-Aligned Yugoslavia |work=YU historija |access-date=15 February 2021 }}</ref> [[Nikita Khrushchev]] was therefore surprised with increasing Yugoslav willingness to agree with Soviet intervention as the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]] progressed.<ref name="Granville"/> The Soviet Union launched a massive military invasion of Hungary on 4 November, forcibly deposing Nagy, who fled to the [[Embassy of Serbia, Budapest|Embassy of Yugoslavia]] in [[Budapest]] where he was granted [[Right of asylum|asylum]]. Nagy was lured out of the Embassy (after the building itself was targeted by Soviet tanks in which cultural [[attaché]] Milenko Milovanov was killed<ref name="Granville"/>) under false promises on 22 November, but was arrested and deported to [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]].

Hungarian community in Yugoslavia (particularly [[Hungarians in Vojvodina]]) played important role in preservation of Hungarian cultural pluralism in the years following the Soviet intervention. [[Novi Sad]] based journal ''Új Symposion'', newspaper [[Magyar Szó]] and other media and institutions provided platform for authors to express diverse ideas and opinions.

“Quadrangolare”, the regional cooperation of [[Austria]], [[Italy]], Yugoslavia and Hungary was launched in 1988 as an effort to overcome the constraints presented by Cold War blocs.<ref name="Jeszenszky">{{cite web|url=http://www.hungarianreview.com/article/20110310_hungary_and_the_break-up_of_yugoslavia_-_a_documentary_history_part_i |last=Jeszenszky |first=Géza |title=Hungary and the Break-up of Yugoslavia - a Documentary History - Part I |work=Magyar Szemle |access-date=15 February 2021 }}</ref>

====Breakup of Yugoslavia====
Hungarian authorities sympathized with decentralization initiatives in Yugoslavia but were concerned over the prospect for [[Hungarians in Serbia]] in an independent [[Socialist Republic of Serbia]] under communist-nationalist leadership.<ref name="Jeszenszky"/>

==See also==
* [[Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia]]
* [[Croatia–Hungary relations]]
** [[Hungarians of Croatia]]
** [[Croats of Hungary]]
* [[Hungary–Kosovo relations]]
* [[Hungary–Serbia relations]]
** [[Hungarians in Serbia]]
** [[Serbs in Hungary]]
* [[Group of Nine]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* Hornyák, Árpád, and Thomas J. DeKornfeld. ''Hungarian-Yugoslav Diplomatic Relations 1918-1927'' (Social Science Monographs, 2013), {{ISBN|9780880337014}}
.
{{Foreign relations of Hungary}}
{{Foreign relations of Yugoslavia}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hungary-Yugoslavia relations}}
[[Category:Hungary–Yugoslavia relations]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of Yugoslavia|Hungary]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of Hungary|Yugoslavia]]
[[Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina–Hungary relations]]
[[Category:Croatia–Hungary relations]]
[[Category:Hungary–Kosovo relations]]
[[Category:Hungary–Montenegro relations]]
[[Category:Hungary–North Macedonia relations]]
[[Category:Hungary–Serbia relations]]
[[Category:Hungary–Slovenia relations]]

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