Tick salivary secretion as a source of antihemostatics
- PMID: 22564820
- PMCID: PMC3383439
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.026
Tick salivary secretion as a source of antihemostatics
Abstract
Ticks are mostly obligatory blood feeding ectoparasites that have an impact on human and animal health. In addition to direct damage due to feeding, some tick species serve as the vectors for the causative agents of several diseases, such as the spirochetes of the genus Borrelia causing Lyme disease, the virus of tick-borne encephalitis, various Rickettsial pathogens or even protozoan parasites like Babesia spp. Hard ticks are unique among bloodfeeders because of their prolonged feeding period that may last up to two weeks. During such a long period of blood uptake, the host develops a wide range of mechanisms to prevent blood loss. The arthropod ectoparasite, in turn, secretes saliva in the sites of bite that assists blood feeding. Indeed, tick saliva represents a rich source of proteins with potent pharmacologic action that target different mechanisms of coagulation, platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. Tick adaptation to their vertebrate hosts led to the inclusion of a powerful protein armamentarium in their salivary secretion that has been investigated by high-throughput methods. The resulting knowledge can be exploited for the isolation of novel antihemostatic agents. Here we review the tick salivary antihemostatics and their characterized functions at the molecular and cellular levels.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Figures
Similar articles
-
Analysis of the Salivary Gland Transcriptome of Unfed and Partially Fed Amblyomma sculptum Ticks and Descriptive Proteome of the Saliva.Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Nov 21;7:476. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00476. eCollection 2017. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017. PMID: 29209593 Free PMC article.
-
[Tick borne zoonosis: selected clinical and diagnostic aspects].Parassitologia. 2004 Jun;46(1-2):109-13. Parassitologia. 2004. PMID: 15305697 Review. Italian.
-
Changing the Recipe: Pathogen Directed Changes in Tick Saliva Components.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 12;18(4):1806. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041806. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021. PMID: 33673273 Free PMC article. Review.
-
The Essential Role of Tick Salivary Glands and Saliva in Tick Feeding and Pathogen Transmission.Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Jun 22;7:281. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00281. eCollection 2017. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017. PMID: 28690983 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Displaced tick-parasite interactions at the host interface.Parasitology. 1998;116 Suppl:S65-72. doi: 10.1017/s003118200008495x. Parasitology. 1998. PMID: 9695111 Review.
Cited by
-
Hard Ticks as Vectors: The Emerging Threat of Tick-Borne Diseases in India.Pathogens. 2024 Jul 2;13(7):556. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13070556. Pathogens. 2024. PMID: 39057783 Free PMC article. Review.
-
An Ixodes persulcatus Inhibitor of Plasmin and Thrombin Hinders Keratinocyte Migration, Blood Coagulation, and Endothelial Permeability.J Invest Dermatol. 2024 May;144(5):1112-1123.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.10.026. Epub 2023 Nov 22. J Invest Dermatol. 2024. PMID: 37996063
-
Insight Into the Dynamics of the Ixodes ricinus Nymphal Midgut Proteome.Mol Cell Proteomics. 2023 Nov;22(11):100663. doi: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100663. Epub 2023 Oct 12. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2023. PMID: 37832788 Free PMC article.
-
Tick Salivary Kunitz-Type Inhibitors: Targeting Host Hemostasis and Immunity to Mediate Successful Blood Feeding.Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 13;24(2):1556. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021556. Int J Mol Sci. 2023. PMID: 36675071 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Bioinformatic Analysis of Ixodes ricinus Long Non-Coding RNAs Predicts Their Binding Ability of Host miRNAs.Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 28;23(17):9761. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179761. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. PMID: 36077158 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Mann KG, Butenas S, Brummel K. The dynamics of thrombin formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:17–25. - PubMed
-
- Semple JW, Italiano JE, Jr, Freedman J. Platelets and the immune continuum. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11:264–274. - PubMed
-
- Massberg S, Grahl L, von Bruehl ML, Manukyan D, Pfeiler S, Goosmann C, et al. Reciprocal coupling of coagulation and innate immunity via neutrophil serine proteases. Nat Med. 2010;16:887–896. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Miscellaneous