This report presents an assessment of the links among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the three subregional programs (Greater Mekong Subregion [GMS], Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area [BIMP-EAGA], Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle [IMT-GT], and the ASEAN) and is the first study that explicitly maps and analyzes the strategic program and institutional links among the three subregional programs and ASEAN. The report is based on desk reviews of official documents; national consultations with governments and private stakeholders; consultations with the secretariats of the three programs and ASEAN; commissioned studies by Asian Development Bank and other international organizations; and independent assessments by academics, practitioners, and research institutions by academics, practitioners, and research institutions.… (more)