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Virgin Soil
Turgenev was the most liberal-spirited and unqualifiedly humane of all the great nineteenth-century Russian novelists, and in Virgin Soil, his biggest and most ambitious work, he sought to balance his deep affection for his country and his people, with his growing apprehensions about what their future held in store. At the heart of the book is the story of a young man and a young woman, torn between love and politics, who struggle to make headway against the complacency of the powerful, the inarticulate misery of the powerless, and the stifling conventions of provincial life. This rich and complex book, at once a love story, a devastating, and bitterly funny social satire, and, perhaps most movingly of all, a heartfelt celebration of the immense beauty of the Russian countryside, is a tragic masterpiece in which one of the world's finest novelists confronts the enduring question of the place of happiness in a political world.
355 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1877
About the author
Ivan Turgenev
1,565 books2,523 followersIvan Sergeyevich Turgenev (Cyrillic: Иван Сергеевич Тургенев) was a novelist, poet, and dramatist, and now ranks as one of the towering figures of Russian literature. His major works include the short-story collection A Sportsman’s Sketches (1852) and the novels Rudin (1856), Home of the Gentry (1859), On the Eve (1860), and Fathers and Sons (1862).
These works offer realistic, affectionate portrayals of the Russian peasantry and penetrating studies of the Russian intelligentsia who were attempting to move the country into a new age. His masterpiece, Fathers and Sons, is considered one of the greatest novels of the nineteenth century.
Turgenev was a contemporary with Fyodor Dostoevsky and Leo Tolstoy. While these wrote about church and religion, Turgenev was more concerned with the movement toward social reform in Russia.
These works offer realistic, affectionate portrayals of the Russian peasantry and penetrating studies of the Russian intelligentsia who were attempting to move the country into a new age. His masterpiece, Fathers and Sons, is considered one of the greatest novels of the nineteenth century.
Turgenev was a contemporary with Fyodor Dostoevsky and Leo Tolstoy. While these wrote about church and religion, Turgenev was more concerned with the movement toward social reform in Russia.
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February 20, 2022
(Book 842 from 1001 books) - новь = Virgin Soil, Ivan Turgenev
Virgin Soil is an 1877 novel by Ivan Turgenev. It was Turgenev's sixth and final novel as well as his longest and most ambitious.
The novel centers on a depiction of some of the young people in late nineteenth century Russia who decided to reject the standard cultural mores of their time, join the Populist movement, and 'go between the people', living the lives of simple workers and peasants rather than lives of affectation and luxury.
The novel has a number of central characters around whom the action revolves. It explores, for instance, the life of Alexey Dmitrievich Nezhdanov, the illegitimate son of an aristocrat, who seeks to radicalise the peasantry and involve them in political action. He is given a job as tutor to Kolya, the nine-year-old son of Sipyagin, a local politician, and goes to live on his country estate. Whilst working there he becomes attracted to Marianna, the niece of the family.
خاک بکر - ایوان سرگی‌یویچ تورگنیف (امیرکبیر) ادبیات روسیه؛ تاریخ خوانش ماه دسامبر سال1982میلادی
عنوان: خاک بکر؛ نویسنده: ایوان‌سرگی‌یویچ تورگنیف؛ مترجم: عبدالرحمان رزندی؛ تهران، امیرکبیر، سال1349، در19ص و330ص؛ چاپ دوم سال1362؛ چاپ چهارم سال1378؛ در466ص؛ شابک9640006211؛ چاپ ششم سال1392؛ شابک9789640006214؛ چاپ هفتم سال1395؛ موضوع داستانهای نویسندگان روسیه - سده19م
عنوان: خاک بکر؛ اثر ایوان سرگیویچ تورگنیف؛ تلخیص مصطفی جمشیدی؛ تهران: امیرکبیر٬ کتابهای جیبی، سال1388؛ در146ص؛ شابک978964303145165؛
داستان گروهی از جوانان انقلابی «روسیه» در دهه ی1870میلادی...؛ جوانانی که از طبقه ی دهقانان و کارگران نیستند، اما دل در گرو تغییر نظام ناعادلانه اشرافی دارند، و ایمان دارند که به زودی انقلابی رخ خواهد داد، و نظام فاسد «روسیه تزاری» فرو خواهد پاشید؛ این جوانان روشنفکر به دنبال عمل هستند، و حاضرند به موقعیت خود، پشت پا بزنند؛ و به می��ن طبقات فرودست بروند، و حتی جان خود را به خطر بیندازند، و فدا کنند؛ «نژدانف» دانشجویی است در «سن پترزبورگ»، که هم قلم خوبی دارد، و هم خوب بحث میکند، و فعالیت سازمانی هم دارد، و در مرکز حلقه ی کوچکی از جوانان انقلابی است، که البته از «مسکو» رهبری و هدایت میشوند؛ «نژدانف» فرزند نامشروع یک اشرافزاده است، که مقرری سالانه ی مناسبی هم به ارث برده است؛ او در پی آگهی کاریابی، که به روزنامه داده، جهت تعلیم به فرزند یکی از اشراف سرشناس «سیپیاگین»، به ملک او میرود، و در آنجا با «مارینا (خواهرزاده سیپیاگین)» آشنا میشود؛ آن دو ضمن اینکه به هم علاقمند میشوند، هر دو آرزومند انقلاب قریب الوقوع سوسیالیستی و شرکت در آن هستند، پس تصمیم میگیرند که...؛ بهتر است ادامه ی این داستان «تورگنیف» را خود بخوانید
هنوز یادم مرا فراموش نکرده، که نخست، ترجمه ی انگلیسی کتاب را خواندم، انگار میکردم اثر را به زبان نگارنده خوانده ام، پز میدادم که به زبان اصلی کتاب را خوانده ام، سپس ترجمه جناب آقای «عبدالرحمان رزندی» را که همان نسخه را ترجمه کرده بودند، خواندم؛
تاریخ بهنگام رسانی 15/02/1400هجری خورشیدی؛ 30/11/1400هجری خورشیدی؛ ا. شربیانی
Virgin Soil is an 1877 novel by Ivan Turgenev. It was Turgenev's sixth and final novel as well as his longest and most ambitious.
The novel centers on a depiction of some of the young people in late nineteenth century Russia who decided to reject the standard cultural mores of their time, join the Populist movement, and 'go between the people', living the lives of simple workers and peasants rather than lives of affectation and luxury.
The novel has a number of central characters around whom the action revolves. It explores, for instance, the life of Alexey Dmitrievich Nezhdanov, the illegitimate son of an aristocrat, who seeks to radicalise the peasantry and involve them in political action. He is given a job as tutor to Kolya, the nine-year-old son of Sipyagin, a local politician, and goes to live on his country estate. Whilst working there he becomes attracted to Marianna, the niece of the family.
خاک بکر - ایوان سرگی‌یویچ تورگنیف (امیرکبیر) ادبیات روسیه؛ تاریخ خوانش ماه دسامبر سال1982میلادی
عنوان: خاک بکر؛ نویسنده: ایوان‌سرگی‌یویچ تورگنیف؛ مترجم: عبدالرحمان رزندی؛ تهران، امیرکبیر، سال1349، در19ص و330ص؛ چاپ دوم سال1362؛ چاپ چهارم سال1378؛ در466ص؛ شابک9640006211؛ چاپ ششم سال1392؛ شابک9789640006214؛ چاپ هفتم سال1395؛ موضوع داستانهای نویسندگان روسیه - سده19م
عنوان: خاک بکر؛ اثر ایوان سرگیویچ تورگنیف؛ تلخیص مصطفی جمشیدی؛ تهران: امیرکبیر٬ کتابهای جیبی، سال1388؛ در146ص؛ شابک978964303145165؛
داستان گروهی از جوانان انقلابی «روسیه» در دهه ی1870میلادی...؛ جوانانی که از طبقه ی دهقانان و کارگران نیستند، اما دل در گرو تغییر نظام ناعادلانه اشرافی دارند، و ایمان دارند که به زودی انقلابی رخ خواهد داد، و نظام فاسد «روسیه تزاری» فرو خواهد پاشید؛ این جوانان روشنفکر به دنبال عمل هستند، و حاضرند به موقعیت خود، پشت پا بزنند؛ و به می��ن طبقات فرودست بروند، و حتی جان خود را به خطر بیندازند، و فدا کنند؛ «نژدانف» دانشجویی است در «سن پترزبورگ»، که هم قلم خوبی دارد، و هم خوب بحث میکند، و فعالیت سازمانی هم دارد، و در مرکز حلقه ی کوچکی از جوانان انقلابی است، که البته از «مسکو» رهبری و هدایت میشوند؛ «نژدانف» فرزند نامشروع یک اشرافزاده است، که مقرری سالانه ی مناسبی هم به ارث برده است؛ او در پی آگهی کاریابی، که به روزنامه داده، جهت تعلیم به فرزند یکی از اشراف سرشناس «سیپیاگین»، به ملک او میرود، و در آنجا با «مارینا (خواهرزاده سیپیاگین)» آشنا میشود؛ آن دو ضمن اینکه به هم علاقمند میشوند، هر دو آرزومند انقلاب قریب الوقوع سوسیالیستی و شرکت در آن هستند، پس تصمیم میگیرند که...؛ بهتر است ادامه ی این داستان «تورگنیف» را خود بخوانید
هنوز یادم مرا فراموش نکرده، که نخست، ترجمه ی انگلیسی کتاب را خواندم، انگار میکردم اثر را به زبان نگارنده خوانده ام، پز میدادم که به زبان اصلی کتاب را خوانده ام، سپس ترجمه جناب آقای «عبدالرحمان رزندی» را که همان نسخه را ترجمه کرده بودند، خواندم؛
تاریخ بهنگام رسانی 15/02/1400هجری خورشیدی؛ 30/11/1400هجری خورشیدی؛ ا. شربیانی
February 19, 2024
Here is a lovely surprise. I took particular pleasure in reading this novel. Turgenev's correct and alert writing draws a psychological study of our heroes and paints us a whole era.
In 1870, in the heart of Tsarist Russia, marching towards the revolution, a band of young militants is organized, working in a conspiracy. This uprising, this revolution, will not happen without the people that our young militants must "wake up." To do this, we have to "simplify" ourselves, they say, that is to say, rub shoulders with your peasants in these "sleeping virgin lands." Turgenev portrays these heroes' realistic portraits: Nezhdanov, the natural son of a "great" pessimist, in perpetual suffering, the undecided, the dissatisfied, whose commitment will gradually decline, and his love for Marianne will follow the same path. Solomine is the serene man of action, the sage who directs and reassures. Marianne is enthusiastic, fiery, determined, and committed; she loves Nezhdanov, but rejecting him, she falls into the arms of Solomine, whom she admires. Thus, our heroes go from fun to disillusionment; failure will be bitter.
In this novel, we also rub shoulders with the greats of Tsarist society, such as Sipiagin, who has rather broad ideas and is a little progressive, and his wife, the beautiful Valentine, who desires to please and manipulate his world. In these salons where the shenanigans and pretenses reign, the high-ranking curator also prowls over Kalloméitsiev, who hates all these nihilists, but everyone sees it tolerates each other.
Turgenev takes us to a cold and rainy Russia, to the people, to factories with a repulsive stench, to bars where vodka warms the peasants, to peasants on muddy roads. But also in the lounges of wealthy homes, his story is lively and realistic, pleasant to read.
In 1870, in the heart of Tsarist Russia, marching towards the revolution, a band of young militants is organized, working in a conspiracy. This uprising, this revolution, will not happen without the people that our young militants must "wake up." To do this, we have to "simplify" ourselves, they say, that is to say, rub shoulders with your peasants in these "sleeping virgin lands." Turgenev portrays these heroes' realistic portraits: Nezhdanov, the natural son of a "great" pessimist, in perpetual suffering, the undecided, the dissatisfied, whose commitment will gradually decline, and his love for Marianne will follow the same path. Solomine is the serene man of action, the sage who directs and reassures. Marianne is enthusiastic, fiery, determined, and committed; she loves Nezhdanov, but rejecting him, she falls into the arms of Solomine, whom she admires. Thus, our heroes go from fun to disillusionment; failure will be bitter.
In this novel, we also rub shoulders with the greats of Tsarist society, such as Sipiagin, who has rather broad ideas and is a little progressive, and his wife, the beautiful Valentine, who desires to please and manipulate his world. In these salons where the shenanigans and pretenses reign, the high-ranking curator also prowls over Kalloméitsiev, who hates all these nihilists, but everyone sees it tolerates each other.
Turgenev takes us to a cold and rainy Russia, to the people, to factories with a repulsive stench, to bars where vodka warms the peasants, to peasants on muddy roads. But also in the lounges of wealthy homes, his story is lively and realistic, pleasant to read.
December 6, 2019
قبل از شروع رمان، کتاب دارای دو بخش است که شامل مقدمه���ی ناشر و آشنایی با تورگنیف و آثارش از مترجم می‌باشد که به نظر من بعد از اتمام رمان آنها را بخوانید بهتر است
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تورگنیف در خاک بکر پیرامون انقلاب آمدنی روسیه نوشته است و اگر نگوییم ترسیم چنین آینده‌ای در سال‌های 1870 اعجازی پیامبر گونه است، بی‌تردید از شمی "زمان آگاه" و درایتی در حد کمال برخوردار است. ص10 کتاب، مقدمه ناشر
زیبایی، گیرایی، مهارت تکنیکی و سبک نگارش، همه دست به دست می‌دهد و این اثر را رمانی کلاسیک و جاودانه می‌سازد. رمان کند و آرام آغاز میشود و این فرصت را به خواننده می‌دهد تا بتواند درباره‌ی قهرمانان و صحنه‌های آن تصویر درستی داشته باشد. سپس حرکت داستان سریع‌تر میشود تا طرح هیجان‌انگیزتر شود و این حرکت و هیجان تا آخرین صفحه‌ی کتاب، خواننده را به دنبال خود می‌کشد. ص 24 کتاب، مترجم
ما هیچ کس را نمی‌شناسیم! ما می‌خواهیم کارهایی بکنیم، همه‌ی دنیا را در هم بریزیم، در صورتی که خارج از همین دنیا - بین دو یا سه دوست، زندگی می‌کنیم. در محفل کوچک تنگمان به یکدیگر تنه می‌زنیم! ص 57 کتاب
گرچه درک این امر خیلی آسان نیست، لکن این واقعیت مسلمی است که روس‌ها بزرگ‌ترین دروغ‌گویان روی زمین هستند. ص 286 کتاب
پس از سالیان دراز به میهنم باز می‌گردم
هیچ تغییر جالبی در آنجا نمی‌بینم
همان رکود، سکون مرده‌وار، با خانه‌های خراب، دیوارهای فروریخته
و همان کثافت، پلیدی، فقر و بیچارگی
...
هرگز پیش از این چنین خواب ترسناکی سرزمین ما را در بر نگرفته بود
همه هر کجا هستند در خوابند
...
تنها میخانه‌ی تزار است که هرگز چشم بیرحمش را نمی‌بندد
بنابراین، بطری را محکم در دست می‌گیرد
ابرویش در قطب است و پاشنه‌اش در قفقاز
روسیه‌ی مقدس، سرزمین مادری ما، در خواب ابدی غنوده است. صفحات 385 و 386 کتاب
ما مردم روسیه واقعاً مردمان عجیبی هستیم! ما راحت می‌نشینیم و منتظر می‌شویم چیزی یا کسی بیاید و بلافاصله ما را شفا بدهد، تمام زخم‌های ما را التیام بخشد، تمام امراض ما را مثل یک دندان فاسد ریشه‌کن کند. ولی چه کسی یا چیزی باید این طلسم سحرآمیز را بشکند، داروینیسم، روستا، اسقف پری‌پنتی‌یف، یک جنگ خارجی، ما نمی‌دانیم و توجه نداریم، ولی باید دندانمان را بیرون بکشیم! این چیزی نیست مگر فقط تنبلی، بطالت و بی‌فکری. ص459 کتاب
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تورگنیف در خاک بکر پیرامون انقلاب آمدنی روسیه نوشته است و اگر نگوییم ترسیم چنین آینده‌ای در سال‌های 1870 اعجازی پیامبر گونه است، بی‌تردید از شمی "زمان آگاه" و درایتی در حد کمال برخوردار است. ص10 کتاب، مقدمه ناشر
زیبایی، گیرایی، مهارت تکنیکی و سبک نگارش، همه دست به دست می‌دهد و این اثر را رمانی کلاسیک و جاودانه می‌سازد. رمان کند و آرام آغاز میشود و این فرصت را به خواننده می‌دهد تا بتواند درباره‌ی قهرمانان و صحنه‌های آن تصویر درستی داشته باشد. سپس حرکت داستان سریع‌تر میشود تا طرح هیجان‌انگیزتر شود و این حرکت و هیجان تا آخرین صفحه‌ی کتاب، خواننده را به دنبال خود می‌کشد. ص 24 کتاب، مترجم
ما هیچ کس را نمی‌شناسیم! ما می‌خواهیم کارهایی بکنیم، همه‌ی دنیا را در هم بریزیم، در صورتی که خارج از همین دنیا - بین دو یا سه دوست، زندگی می‌کنیم. در محفل کوچک تنگمان به یکدیگر تنه می‌زنیم! ص 57 کتاب
گرچه درک این امر خیلی آسان نیست، لکن این واقعیت مسلمی است که روس‌ها بزرگ‌ترین دروغ‌گویان روی زمین هستند. ص 286 کتاب
پس از سالیان دراز به میهنم باز می‌گردم
هیچ تغییر جالبی در آنجا نمی‌بینم
همان رکود، سکون مرده‌وار، با خانه‌های خراب، دیوارهای فروریخته
و همان کثافت، پلیدی، فقر و بیچارگی
...
هرگز پیش از این چنین خواب ترسناکی سرزمین ما را در بر نگرفته بود
همه هر کجا هستند در خوابند
...
تنها میخانه‌ی تزار است که هرگز چشم بیرحمش را نمی‌بندد
بنابراین، بطری را محکم در دست می‌گیرد
ابرویش در قطب است و پاشنه‌اش در قفقاز
روسیه‌ی مقدس، سرزمین مادری ما، در خواب ابدی غنوده است. صفحات 385 و 386 کتاب
ما مردم روسیه واقعاً مردمان عجیبی هستیم! ما راحت می‌نشینیم و منتظر می‌شویم چیزی یا کسی بیاید و بلافاصله ما را شفا بدهد، تمام زخم‌های ما را التیام بخشد، تمام امراض ما را مثل یک دندان فاسد ریشه‌کن کند. ولی چه کسی یا چیزی باید این طلسم سحرآمیز را بشکند، داروینیسم، روستا، اسقف پری‌پنتی‌یف، یک جنگ خارجی، ما نمی‌دانیم و توجه نداریم، ولی باید دندانمان را بیرون بکشیم! این چیزی نیست مگر فقط تنبلی، بطالت و بی‌فکری. ص459 کتاب
September 27, 2023
"أصبح يستحيل على المرء أن يظهر أنفه في هذه المدينة اللعينة الكريهة دون أن يلتقي بشئ من السوقية والحماقة والفوضي. او لا يعثر على أدلة جديدة على ظلم شنيع وعسف لا يطاق. لا يستطيع الإنسان ان يعيش في هذا البلد بعد الآن "
حكايات ما قبل الثورة، و أمل ما قبل الثورة ، وجهل ما قبل الثورة ، والخنوع والضعف والجهل وخاصة من اكثر الفئات التي يجب لها ان تثور لكنها دُفنت حية تحت عجلة الحياة والمعيشة ولم تستطع سوى الهروب في الخمر والبحث عن اى مباهج يمكن ان تصل اليها . ومهما حاولت فئة ما حثهم على الثورة والقيام غضباً قوبلوا بعدم الفهم والتجاهل والسخرية .
ولكن بعد معاصرتنا للثورات ، ماذا أخذنا؟ وماذا أستفدنا حقا !!
استشهاد العديد من الأبرياء .
هل نسيناهم ؟
لا ، لم ننساهم .
لكن هل جئنا بحقوقهم ؟
هل وصلنا إلى ما جعلهم يقومون ويموتون في سبيل الثورة ؟
جميعنا نعلم جيدا إجابة هذا السؤال.
هل الرواية ثورية فقط عن التمهيد للثورة وقيام الحركة الطلابية ،وليس بها شئ سوى التحضير للثورة ؟
لا بالطبع ، بل بالعكس هى اجتماعية اكثر مما هى سياسية. والحديث عن الرغبة في التغير وحث الآخرين على الوقوف والمطالبة بالتغيير ورفض الأوضاع الحالية هو جزء من احاديث الشخصيات .
هى تتحدث اكثر عن أوضاع من يتم دعوتهم للثورة والأوضاع الاجتماعية والإقتصادية . وأوضاع الذين يدعون للثورة والتغير . مابين مؤمن حقا بالقضية ، وبين من ينتابه الفتور ، وبين من يعلم جيدا أن التغير لن يكون سهلاً ولن يحدث قريباً .
مابين من يندفع بحماس يصل الى درجة التهور وبين من يتأنى ويفكر ، وبين من يندفع مع المندفعين دون إيمان حقيقي ، وبين من يلعب مع كل الأطراف .
وبالطبع مع اى دعوة للتغير هناك الداعين للثورة و هناك الرافضين لها الذين سيشعرون بالضيق إن انضم احد منهم للثورة .
"لان البادئين بكل نهضة والطلائع يهلكون يتحطمون وإن كانوا الفائزين الموفقين .وفي خطب عظيم كالذي نحن نريد ان نزج بأنفسنا فيه لن يهلك الأوائل وحدهم، بل الذين بعدهم، والذين يجيئون بعد هؤلاء وهكذا، حتى يتحقق الرجاء ويأتي الفوز المبين.
وبها ايضا تأثير تصرفات الأهل على ابنائهم سواء من خلال تورجنيف او ماريانا . الشعور بالخزى بسبب الماضي أو الغضب من ذكر الماضي بسوء .
كما وجدت بها وخاصة من خلال تورجنيف شعور التمزق ما بين حالتين ، مابين ��واطفه وشاعريته التي يريد إخفائها ورغبته في الظهور بمظهر الثورى المدافع عن القضية بحماس يماثل حماس من حوله .
ربما نوع من اضطراب الهوية ، ان لا تعلم ماذا تريد بالظبط ، أن تنجرف مع التيار حتى لو لم ��كن تشعر بنفس الايمان الذي يشعر به من حولك .
وبالطبع لابد من وجود قصة حب يتم نسجها مع الأحداث ليكون الحب احد الدوافع للانضمام للثورة .
"ما أعجب وما أغرب أن ندرك فجأة أننا نحب بعضنا بعضاً ، وإن لم نتبادل من قبل كلمة واحدة عن حبنا!"
الرواية جيدة في مجملها لكن لم تجذبني كثيرا وشعرت بالملل معها أحيانا ربما لعدم ارتباطي بالأبطال وعدم اهتمامي كثيرا بالأحداث والأحاديث المتبادلة . لكنها بالتأكيد بداية لقاء مع تورجنيف ولن يكون اللقاء الأخير.
تنبيه : محبي النهايات السعيدة يمتنعون 😁
بالنسبة للترجمة في المجمل جيدة لكن هناك بعض الجمل والتعبيرات كانت "بتفصلني " ربما كان المقصود ان الحديث مثلا بهذه الجملة باللغة العامية مثلا فجاء بأقرب تعبير لها ، ربما ، لكنه فى هذه الأوقات جعلني أشعر كأن الكاتب مصرى وليس روسي 😂. كنت بحس ان في نشاز فجأة في الحوار.
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حكايات ما قبل الثورة، و أمل ما قبل الثورة ، وجهل ما قبل الثورة ، والخنوع والضعف والجهل وخاصة من اكثر الفئات التي يجب لها ان تثور لكنها دُفنت حية تحت عجلة الحياة والمعيشة ولم تستطع سوى الهروب في الخمر والبحث عن اى مباهج يمكن ان تصل اليها . ومهما حاولت فئة ما حثهم على الثورة والقيام غضباً قوبلوا بعدم الفهم والتجاهل والسخرية .
ولكن بعد معاصرتنا للثورات ، ماذا أخذنا؟ وماذا أستفدنا حقا !!
استشهاد العديد من الأبرياء .
هل نسيناهم ؟
لا ، لم ننساهم .
لكن هل جئنا بحقوقهم ؟
هل وصلنا إلى ما جعلهم يقومون ويموتون في سبيل الثورة ؟
جميعنا نعلم جيدا إجابة هذا السؤال.
هل الرواية ثورية فقط عن التمهيد للثورة وقيام الحركة الطلابية ،وليس بها شئ سوى التحضير للثورة ؟
لا بالطبع ، بل بالعكس هى اجتماعية اكثر مما هى سياسية. والحديث عن الرغبة في التغير وحث الآخرين على الوقوف والمطالبة بالتغيير ورفض الأوضاع الحالية هو جزء من احاديث الشخصيات .
" إن نصف روسيا يموت جوعاً وكتاب الأدب في موسكو يريدون ان يدخلوا الطريقة القديمة المدرسية في أساليب الأدب، وأندية الطلبة قد أُوصدت، والجواسيس مبثوثون في كل مكان، والظلم قد عمّ وطّم ، والأكاذيب والخيانة بألوانها وضروبنا ، والخديعة والغش واللؤم والسفالة"
هى تتحدث اكثر عن أوضاع من يتم دعوتهم للثورة والأوضاع الاجتماعية والإقتصادية . وأوضاع الذين يدعون للثورة والتغير . مابين مؤمن حقا بالقضية ، وبين من ينتابه الفتور ، وبين من يعلم جيدا أن التغير لن يكون سهلاً ولن يحدث قريباً .
مابين من يندفع بحماس يصل الى درجة التهور وبين من يتأنى ويفكر ، وبين من يندفع مع المندفعين دون إيمان حقيقي ، وبين من يلعب مع كل الأطراف .
وبالطبع مع اى دعوة للتغير هناك الداعين للثورة و هناك الرافضين لها الذين سيشعرون بالضيق إن انضم احد منهم للثورة .
"لان البادئين بكل نهضة والطلائع يهلكون يتحطمون وإن كانوا الفائزين الموفقين .وفي خطب عظيم كالذي نحن نريد ان نزج بأنفسنا فيه لن يهلك الأوائل وحدهم، بل الذين بعدهم، والذين يجيئون بعد هؤلاء وهكذا، حتى يتحقق الرجاء ويأتي الفوز المبين.
وبها ايضا تأثير تصرفات الأهل على ابنائهم سواء من خلال تورجنيف او ماريانا . الشعور بالخزى بسبب الماضي أو الغضب من ذكر الماضي بسوء .
كما وجدت بها وخاصة من خلال تورجنيف شعور التمزق ما بين حالتين ، مابين ��واطفه وشاعريته التي يريد إخفائها ورغبته في الظهور بمظهر الثورى المدافع عن القضية بحماس يماثل حماس من حوله .
ربما نوع من اضطراب الهوية ، ان لا تعلم ماذا تريد بالظبط ، أن تنجرف مع التيار حتى لو لم ��كن تشعر بنفس الايمان الذي يشعر به من حولك .
وبالطبع لابد من وجود قصة حب يتم نسجها مع الأحداث ليكون الحب احد الدوافع للانضمام للثورة .
"ما أعجب وما أغرب أن ندرك فجأة أننا نحب بعضنا بعضاً ، وإن لم نتبادل من قبل كلمة واحدة عن حبنا!"
الرواية جيدة في مجملها لكن لم تجذبني كثيرا وشعرت بالملل معها أحيانا ربما لعدم ارتباطي بالأبطال وعدم اهتمامي كثيرا بالأحداث والأحاديث المتبادلة . لكنها بالتأكيد بداية لقاء مع تورجنيف ولن يكون اللقاء الأخير.
تنبيه : محبي النهايات السعيدة يمتنعون 😁
بالنسبة للترجمة في المجمل جيدة لكن هناك بعض الجمل والتعبيرات كانت "بتفصلني " ربما كان المقصود ان الحديث مثلا بهذه الجملة باللغة العامية مثلا فجاء بأقرب تعبير لها ، ربما ، لكنه فى هذه الأوقات جعلني أشعر كأن الكاتب مصرى وليس روسي 😂. كنت بحس ان في نشاز فجأة في الحوار.
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August 27, 2024
Роман Тургенева "Новь" можно рассматривать, как развитие темы, начатой в "Отцах и детях" - темы развития идеи освобождения народа, прошедшей свой путь от нигилизма до народовольческого движения, но уже в послереформенный период, когда народ был формально освобождён от крепостного права, но на деле так и остался порабощен, основой чего оставалась безземельность, нищета и бесправие. Тургенев чувствует слабость идеи "хождения в народ", поскольку само это понятие раскрывает "страшную далекость" народовольцев, как правило, представителей разночинцев, образованных, полных идеалистически прекрасных целей, от народа, в основном крестьян. Нежданов - внебрачный сын аристократа и гувернантки, всю жизнь страдал от своего непонятного положения в обществе. Отец дал ему образование, но сам он не чувствовал себя ни принадлежащим к высшему сословию, ни к низшему. Такой же была и Марианна, дочь несправедливо обвиненного чиновника, рано осиротевшая и взятая на воспитание к богатым родственникам. Эта "промежуточность" между классами и составляла основу образованного разночинства, поскольку образование все же не было доступно массам. Нежданова Паклин называет российским Гамлетом. Его "хождение в народ" кончилось тяжёлым опьянением, ибо пить он не умел и не любил, а иного способа сблизиться с народом он выдумать не мог. Разочаровавшись в своих способностях, он стреляется. Конечно, Нежданов - не герой, а фигура, скорее, трагикомическая. Но он хорошо характеризует всю неясность целей, нелепости самого "хождения в народ" в силу огромного разрыва между классами, оторванность разночинцев от народа. Эту нелепость крестьянка Татьяна метко назвала словом "опроститься", что означает снизойти, опуститься до уровня народа. Нежданов и его подруга Марианна, одна из наиболее ярких "тургеневских девушек", хотят немедленной борьбы, бунта, они взывают к крестьянам, раздают брошюры и разъясняют, но не находят вообще никакого понимания. Народ спит. Тургенев с ироничным скептицизмом рисует образы разных революционеров - это и Маркелов, и Машурина, и Паклин, но центральным все же является Соломин. Он не верит в необходимость немедленного бунта. Будучи практичным и деловым человеком в силу своей профессии, он сразу понял, что без народа никакая революция, бунт невозможны, что народ "долго готовить надо - да и не так и не тому, как те". Название "Новь" показывает необходимость нового типа революционера в России - не нигилистов-разночинцев, "ходящих в народ", а как Соломин - выходцев из народа.
June 23, 2019
Introduction, by Michael Pursglove
--Virgin Soil
Note on the Text
Notes
Ivan Turgenev's Life
Ivan Turgenev's Works
Select Bibliography
--Virgin Soil
Note on the Text
Notes
Ivan Turgenev's Life
Ivan Turgenev's Works
Select Bibliography
January 13, 2021
هذا هو العمل الرابع الذي أقرأه لتورجينيف، ومرة بعد مرة تترسخ مكانته عندي كواحد من كُتّابي المفضلين، بأسلوبه الشاعري الكلاسيكي، و تنوّع شخصيات رواياته وجودة بنائها، و وآرائه وأفكاره الثمينة التي ساهمت في نشأة شباب ذاك الجيل وزيادة وعيه.
وفي الأرض العذراء يقدم حكاية من حكايا الثورة أو بالأصح فترة التمهيد للثورة وقيام الحركة الطلابية الاشتراكية، وما يلاقيه الناشط من عقبات في سبيل قضيته، بالأخص اصطدامه بجهل الفئة التي يناضل في سبيلها، هذا الجهل الذي هو بمثابة السوس الذي ينخر جميع الثورات ويودي بحياتها.
جوهر الرواية تقريباً هو ضرورة توافر الإيمان والقوة معاً في روح الثائر، والتشديد على تواجدهما معاً، فلا الإيمان بآراء الثورة يكفي لنجاحها، ولا القوة وحدها تكفي، وهذا ما تمثل بفشل ماركيلوف ونجدانوف، في حين ظلّ الأمل متبقي بشخصية سولومين الذي مثّل الجيل المتعلم الواعي الذي سيساهم بنهضة روسيا المنشودة والتي باعتقادي رمز لها تورجينيف بشخصية ماريانا النبيلة النشأة والاشتراكية الفكر.
ليس دخول السجن مخيفاً في نفسه، ولكن أن يُحبس الإنسان في غيابة سجن مظلم في سبيل شيء لا يؤمن به، هو الذي لا يُطاق ولا يُحتمل ...
نهايات تورجينيف دائماً ما تأخذ نفس المنحى، لكن هذه المرة وجدتُ وقعها أشدّ ألماً على نفسي، ربما لأني رأيت فيها شبابنا الضائع في غياهب الثورة والوطن.
لقد عجزت عن كل شيء، حتى عن قتل نفسي كما يجب ...
قرأتها بترجمة فخمة من قلم عباس حافظ، ولكم أنا ممتنة لمن أهدتني هذه النسخة ! ❤️
وفي الأرض العذراء يقدم حكاية من حكايا الثورة أو بالأصح فترة التمهيد للثورة وقيام الحركة الطلابية الاشتراكية، وما يلاقيه الناشط من عقبات في سبيل قضيته، بالأخص اصطدامه بجهل الفئة التي يناضل في سبيلها، هذا الجهل الذي هو بمثابة السوس الذي ينخر جميع الثورات ويودي بحياتها.
جوهر الرواية تقريباً هو ضرورة توافر الإيمان والقوة معاً في روح الثائر، والتشديد على تواجدهما معاً، فلا الإيمان بآراء الثورة يكفي لنجاحها، ولا القوة وحدها تكفي، وهذا ما تمثل بفشل ماركيلوف ونجدانوف، في حين ظلّ الأمل متبقي بشخصية سولومين الذي مثّل الجيل المتعلم الواعي الذي سيساهم بنهضة روسيا المنشودة والتي باعتقادي رمز لها تورجينيف بشخصية ماريانا النبيلة النشأة والاشتراكية الفكر.
ليس دخول السجن مخيفاً في نفسه، ولكن أن يُحبس الإنسان في غيابة سجن مظلم في سبيل شيء لا يؤمن به، هو الذي لا يُطاق ولا يُحتمل ...
نهايات تورجينيف دائماً ما تأخذ نفس المنحى، لكن هذه المرة وجدتُ وقعها أشدّ ألماً على نفسي، ربما لأني رأيت فيها شبابنا الضائع في غياهب الثورة والوطن.
لقد عجزت عن كل شيء، حتى عن قتل نفسي كما يجب ...
قرأتها بترجمة فخمة من قلم عباس حافظ، ولكم أنا ممتنة لمن أهدتني هذه النسخة ! ❤️
October 30, 2021
"لكي تقلب الأرض العذراء ينبغي لك أن تستخدم محراثا ينفذ في أعماق الأرض، لا محراثا صغيرا يمر بأديمها مرّاً”.
September 8, 2020
“If we wait for the moment when everything, absolutely everything is ready, we shall never begin.”
It is the late 19th century in Russia.
A group of young men and women are fed up with the aristocracy and life of luxury. They want a better future for their beloved Russia than corruption and misery. Therefore, they decide to become simplified; join the “ordinary people” and live among the peasants and workers and try to convert as many as they can.
There are some major and minor characters who all play important roles in the story.
Nejdanov with his own ideas and dreams of the future, who is torn between his aristocratic past and the future he craves. He is a typical Nihilist.
Solomin who is enigmatic and cautious and you may say the cool-headed of the group.
Mariana, who would do anything for the cause. In my opinion Mariana is the strongest of them all. She is a typical future Communist, a “fighter for the cause to the death” kind of woman, a true believer.
There are moments when one must not think of oneself.
It is the late 19th century in Russia.
A group of young men and women are fed up with the aristocracy and life of luxury. They want a better future for their beloved Russia than corruption and misery. Therefore, they decide to become simplified; join the “ordinary people” and live among the peasants and workers and try to convert as many as they can.
There are some major and minor characters who all play important roles in the story.
Nejdanov with his own ideas and dreams of the future, who is torn between his aristocratic past and the future he craves. He is a typical Nihilist.
Solomin who is enigmatic and cautious and you may say the cool-headed of the group.
Mariana, who would do anything for the cause. In my opinion Mariana is the strongest of them all. She is a typical future Communist, a “fighter for the cause to the death” kind of woman, a true believer.
There are moments when one must not think of oneself.
December 4, 2021
Classics cleanup #2
May 27, 2024
Turgenev’s last and lengthiest novel is a riveting tale of Nordniks or Populists from the Russian intelligentsia looking to live among the peasants and teach them the wonders of revolutionary socialism. As explosive as that sounds, the bulk of the novel is contained within a country estate, where the moody tutor Nezhdanhov clashes with the pettiness of the aristo classes, foremost the snooty Sipyagins. A discursive, talky novel, presaging the far longer and far talkier ‘What is to be done?’ style of novel from Dostoevsky, Virgin Soil is a quieter, more ironically ruminative snapshot of Russia nearing the end of the century, on the cusp of social and political upheaval. The NYRB Classics edition simply reprints Constance Garnett’s very old translation, without endnotes or translations for the French dialogue, so I’d recommend reading a more recent translation.
August 10, 2011
If I had to come up with a slogan for Ivan Turgenev, it would be, "Turgenev - For God's sake, would somebody read something besides Fathers and Sons?" Granted, Fathers and Sons is his best novel, but he's got some other good stuff. I dare you to read First Love and tell me that it isn't moving. It's a short story, so quit complaining and just go read it. As for this novel, Virgin Soil, those of you who have read Fathers and Sons will find a lot of similar things. It's another book about Nihilism, the protagonist is another young Nihilist who rages against the establishment, and both novels end the same way. But those of you who give Virgin Soil a chance will also find a compelling novel that gives a fascinating view into the social and generational gaps that existed in late 19th century Russia.
April 27, 2022
Entre 1868 e o início da década de 1870 surgiu na Rússia o movimento dos Populistas. Compunha-se de jovens bem educados de origens aristocráticas, que se acreditavam capazes de criar um melhor futuro para a Rússia, baseado numa sociedade mais igualitária, com menos corrupção e mais justiça. Para isso, havia que chegar junto da classe trabalhadora e semear as sementes da revolta, instigá-los na luta contra a opressão e na reivindicação de condições de vida mais favoráveis.
Com esse objetivo, juntam-se, literalmente, ao povo comum, numa aproximação o mais fiel possível e adotando a sua frugal forma de subsistência.
A mensagem não é bem recebida, o povo receia e não corresponde, chegando mesmo a denunciá-los. Foi um movimento de curta duração que culminou num elevado número de detenções e em julgamento, sob acusação de “propaganda revolucionária”.
Quem leu Pais e Filhos vai encontrar semelhanças entre Bázarov e Nejdanov. O protagonista de Solo Virgem também é um niilista. Dividido entre o passado aristocrático e os sonhos de um futuro radioso, acaba por sucumbir na total descrença. O papel forte deste livro cabe a uma mulher: Mariana; o rosto identitário da perseverança e das ideias sólidas.
A narrativa de Turguénev é, como sempre, brilhante.
Com esse objetivo, juntam-se, literalmente, ao povo comum, numa aproximação o mais fiel possível e adotando a sua frugal forma de subsistência.
A mensagem não é bem recebida, o povo receia e não corresponde, chegando mesmo a denunciá-los. Foi um movimento de curta duração que culminou num elevado número de detenções e em julgamento, sob acusação de “propaganda revolucionária”.
Quem leu Pais e Filhos vai encontrar semelhanças entre Bázarov e Nejdanov. O protagonista de Solo Virgem também é um niilista. Dividido entre o passado aristocrático e os sonhos de um futuro radioso, acaba por sucumbir na total descrença. O papel forte deste livro cabe a uma mulher: Mariana; o rosto identitário da perseverança e das ideias sólidas.
A narrativa de Turguénev é, como sempre, brilhante.
August 11, 2020
جوانان ما فقط گفته های او را تکرار می‌کنند و کاملا از خود راضی هستند.در حالی که مردم از گرسنگی میمیرند،از مالیات خرد شده آند تنها اصلاحاتی که انجام گرفته است این است که مردان استفاده از کپی را پذیرفته‌اند و زنان روسری هایشان را برداشته اند! و فقر!می‌خوارگی! رباخواری!
روسیه نزدیکترین دغدغه های مشترک رو داره نسبت به کشورهای فارسی زبان.
روسیه نزدیکترین دغدغه های مشترک رو داره نسبت به کشورهای فارسی زبان.
August 29, 2024
2,7 Leitura das Sofias em voz alta
January 24, 2016
This book, dated 1877, was Ivan Turgenev's answer to Dostoievsky's The possessed (also titled The demons), dated 1872. His revolutionaries, however, are just naive incompetent idealists (all except Solomin, who actually never defines himself), who act prematurely until finally they lose faith in themselves and the cause.
Personally I prefer Dostoievsky's version, because it seems to me much closer to what actually were the real revolutionaries in the twentieth century.
Personally I prefer Dostoievsky's version, because it seems to me much closer to what actually were the real revolutionaries in the twentieth century.
July 13, 2024
"Bom..." (pág. 244)
December 16, 2015
Free download available at Project Gutenberg.
Opening lines:
AT one o'clock in the afternoon of a spring day in the year 1868, a young man of twenty-seven, carelessly and shabbily dressed, was toiling up the back staircase of a five-storied house on Officers Street in St. Petersburg. Noisily shuffling his down-trodden goloshes and slowly swinging his heavy, clumsy figure, the man at last reached the very top flight and stopped before a half-open door hanging off its hinges. He did not ring the bell, but gave a loud sigh and walked straight into a small, dark passage.
4* On the Eve
4* Fathers and Sons
3* Spring Torrents
2* A Lear of the Steppes
4* Virgin Soil
TR A House of Gentlefolk
TR First Love
TR The Diary of a Superfluous Man and Other Stories
TR Sketches from a Hunter's Album
TR A Tour in the Forest
Opening lines:
AT one o'clock in the afternoon of a spring day in the year 1868, a young man of twenty-seven, carelessly and shabbily dressed, was toiling up the back staircase of a five-storied house on Officers Street in St. Petersburg. Noisily shuffling his down-trodden goloshes and slowly swinging his heavy, clumsy figure, the man at last reached the very top flight and stopped before a half-open door hanging off its hinges. He did not ring the bell, but gave a loud sigh and walked straight into a small, dark passage.
4* On the Eve
4* Fathers and Sons
3* Spring Torrents
2* A Lear of the Steppes
4* Virgin Soil
TR A House of Gentlefolk
TR First Love
TR The Diary of a Superfluous Man and Other Stories
TR Sketches from a Hunter's Album
TR A Tour in the Forest
September 17, 2024
"Solo virgem" retrata a década de 1870 na Rússia, e retrata os Populistas, um movimento revolucionário pacifista que procurava influenciar e esclarecer os camponeses para que estes se revoltassem contra os opressores. A ideia era plantar sementes de revolta, ajudar a lutar por condições de vida mais favoráveis para os camponeses.
Normalmente, eram jovens de origens aristocratas, ricos e sem mais nada para fazer que iam "até ao povo" e que viviam durante uns tempos como se fossem do povo.
Turguéniev escreve e denuncia os problemas da Rússia da época: a abismal diferença entre pobres e ricos, oprimidos e opressores, a clara hipocrisia em que vivia a classe alta russa e a desconfiança dos camponeses. Os jovens ricos que querem viver "de forma simples" e que não percebem porque é que o povo rejeita estas ideias revolucionárias. Escusado será dizer que o movimento dos Populistas fracassou e que levou à prisão de muitos jovens.
Eu adoro a escrita de Turguéniev, adoro como consegue criar personagens que são reais, mas que ao mesmo tempo nunca perdem o efeito dramático 😅
Nejdánov fez-me muitas vezes lembrar o Bazarov (de "Pais e Filhos", uma das melhores personagens de sempre), também é um rapazinho niilista perdido da vida, que não aceita a realidade tal como ela é. Tem muitos sonhos, mas não faz nada para os concretizar. Gostei muito das personagens secundárias, Marianna, Páklin (tão engraçado), toda a família dos Spiágin e mesmo Fómuchka e Fímuchka, um casal de velhinhos que aparece na história só para enternecer o coração do leitor 🥹❤️
Foi o meu quarto livro de Turgui e continuo muito fã do autor. Não ficou como favorito da vida, mas é um óptimo retrato da hipocrisia de jovens riquinhos que querem mudar o mundo, mas sem perder os privilégios a que estão habituados. As personagens são muito dramáticas, há muita intensidade, muita novela mexicana. Como um bom livro russo deve ser 👌🏻
Não superou "Pais e Filhos" e "Diário de um homem supérfluo" (os meus favoritos do autor), mas foi uma óptima leitura. Para quem sofre de miaúfa de literatura russa, Turguéniev é uma excelente opção para começar
Normalmente, eram jovens de origens aristocratas, ricos e sem mais nada para fazer que iam "até ao povo" e que viviam durante uns tempos como se fossem do povo.
Turguéniev escreve e denuncia os problemas da Rússia da época: a abismal diferença entre pobres e ricos, oprimidos e opressores, a clara hipocrisia em que vivia a classe alta russa e a desconfiança dos camponeses. Os jovens ricos que querem viver "de forma simples" e que não percebem porque é que o povo rejeita estas ideias revolucionárias. Escusado será dizer que o movimento dos Populistas fracassou e que levou à prisão de muitos jovens.
Eu adoro a escrita de Turguéniev, adoro como consegue criar personagens que são reais, mas que ao mesmo tempo nunca perdem o efeito dramático 😅
Nejdánov fez-me muitas vezes lembrar o Bazarov (de "Pais e Filhos", uma das melhores personagens de sempre), também é um rapazinho niilista perdido da vida, que não aceita a realidade tal como ela é. Tem muitos sonhos, mas não faz nada para os concretizar. Gostei muito das personagens secundárias, Marianna, Páklin (tão engraçado), toda a família dos Spiágin e mesmo Fómuchka e Fímuchka, um casal de velhinhos que aparece na história só para enternecer o coração do leitor 🥹❤️
Foi o meu quarto livro de Turgui e continuo muito fã do autor. Não ficou como favorito da vida, mas é um óptimo retrato da hipocrisia de jovens riquinhos que querem mudar o mundo, mas sem perder os privilégios a que estão habituados. As personagens são muito dramáticas, há muita intensidade, muita novela mexicana. Como um bom livro russo deve ser 👌🏻
Não superou "Pais e Filhos" e "Diário de um homem supérfluo" (os meus favoritos do autor), mas foi uma óptima leitura. Para quem sofre de miaúfa de literatura russa, Turguéniev é uma excelente opção para começar
April 23, 2017
ادبیات روسیه خیلی مورد علاقه من نیست، ولی داستان خاک بکر و نثر روان و پایان غافلگیر کننده آن را دوست داشتم.
March 10, 2021
3.5 stars. An interesting, engaging historical fiction novel set in Russia in 1868 and the early 1870s. It’s mainly about Mr. Nejdanov and Mariana, two young people in their twenties, who were well educated and lived with aristocrats. They believed they must become involved in and support the plight of the oppressed working class. The book shows that Russian educated socialists recognised that change must occur to improve the working classes living standards. The difficulty Mr Nejdanov experienced was in communicating and relating to working class people. The working class people viewed the young intellectuals with considerable suspicion.
The novel is based on the ‘1873-1874 people’s movement’, where more than one thousand people were arrested by the Government on the charge of spreading ‘revolutionary propaganda’.
A worthwhile read, particularly if the reader is interested in Russian social and political history. The novel was first published in 1877.
The novel is based on the ‘1873-1874 people’s movement’, where more than one thousand people were arrested by the Government on the charge of spreading ‘revolutionary propaganda’.
A worthwhile read, particularly if the reader is interested in Russian social and political history. The novel was first published in 1877.
Want to read
September 2, 2016Brazilliant found the link: http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2466
—From a Farmer's Notebook.
"To turn over virgin soil
it is necessary to use a deep plough
going well into the earth,
not a surface plough
gliding lightly over the top."
Opening: AT one o'clock in the afternoon of a spring day in the year 1868, a young man of twenty-seven, carelessly and shabbily dressed, was toiling up the back staircase of a five-storied house on Officers Street in St. Petersburg. Noisily shuffling his down-trodden goloshes and slowly swinging his heavy, clumsy figure, the man at last reached the very top flight and stopped before a half-open door hanging off its hinges. He did not ring the bell, but gave a loud sigh and walked straight into a small, dark passage.
February 10, 2021
كثرة التفاصيل ، و بطء الاحداث ، منحني شعورا بالملل ، مما جعل بداية الهدف من هذه الرواية مبهما و مملا .
كان استعراضا لحياة " نجدانوف " الشاب الثوري المدافع عن روسيا الجمهورية ، لكنني لم ألمس اي افكار ثورية .
ربما لو قرأت هذه الرواية قبل أعمال ديستويفسكي كان لي رأي اخر ، لكن صدقا لا أحد يضاهي ديستويفسكي في وصف روسيا ، ووصف احداثها ، و ايضا وصف الحالة النفسيه و اختلاجاتها باسلوبه الفريد .
فعذرا تورجنيف ، كان اسلوبك مملا جدا .
كان استعراضا لحياة " نجدانوف " الشاب الثوري المدافع عن روسيا الجمهورية ، لكنني لم ألمس اي افكار ثورية .
ربما لو قرأت هذه الرواية قبل أعمال ديستويفسكي كان لي رأي اخر ، لكن صدقا لا أحد يضاهي ديستويفسكي في وصف روسيا ، ووصف احداثها ، و ايضا وصف الحالة النفسيه و اختلاجاتها باسلوبه الفريد .
فعذرا تورجنيف ، كان اسلوبك مملا جدا .
November 26, 2020
“And as for losing one's life; it is not all like honey to everybody. To some it is sweet, to others bitter. His life has not been over-sweet.”
“You say you want a revolution? Well you know. We all wanna change the world”. —The Beatles
I will say this about Turgenev and particularly this novel, there are few books that are more simultaneously bleak and hilarious as this one.
The communist uprising of 1918 is still a good 30-40 years away at the start of this story but there are clear signs of dissatisfaction. Not seemingly from the poor and oppressed mind you, they seem generally indifferent to politics as they simply try to survive, but rather among what amounts to well off Russians. Within this class, idealistic young people (as they are wont to do) take it upon themselves to renounce their wealth and status and “awaken” the masses.
The main representative of this school here is the university student, Nejdanov.
Nejdanov’s head is filled with revolution and not a little guilt at his own status. Through a series of connections with a motley crew of like minded scofflaws, outcasts and others, Nejdanov places his life at the mercy of vague notions of overturning the social order.
How it is to be achieved of course, nobody seems to really know. Through a series of bumbling and inept attempts to rouse the peasants, Nejdanov is heckled, beaten, inebriated against his will, and generally ignored as the peasants get on with their life. The following exchange is a nice summation of how things go for him on these trips to incite the people:
“He began shouting out the most absurd things to the peasants he met on the way. "Why are you asleep? Rouse yourself! The time has come! Down with the taxes! Down with the landlords!" Some of the peasants stared at him in amazement, others passed on without taking any notice of him, thinking that he was drunk; one even said when he got home that he had met a Frenchman on the way who was jabbering away at something he did not understand...Besides that, a dog bit my leg, a peasant woman threatened me with a poker from the door of her hut, shouting, 'Ugh! you pig! You Moscow rascals! There's no end to you!' and then a soldier shouted after me, 'Hi, there! We'll make mince-meat of you!' and he got drunk at my expense!”
Nejdanov and his friends want to be among the poor. Dress like them, talk like them, drink like them. But as he discovers, he is not like them at all. He was not born in their world, has never lived in their world, and hence can never really understand their world. We see an example of this later in the story when Nejdanov and his love interest abandon their posh home and hide out at the home of a Russian peasant. They decide to play dress up:
“I’ll tell you what I want to ask of you, Tatiana. I want to make or buy a dress, something like yours, only a little plainer. Then I want shoes and stockings and a kerchief, everything like you have. I've got some money.”
“Left alone, Nejdanov walked up and down the room once or twice with a peculiarly shuffling gait (he imagined that all shopkeepers walked like that), then he carefully sniffed at this sleeves, the inside of his cap, made a grimace, looked at himself in the little looking-glass hanging in between the windows, and shook his head; he certainly did not look very prepossessing. ‘So much the better,’ he thought. Then he took several pamphlets, thrust them into his side pocket, and began to practice speaking like a shopkeeper. ‘That sounds like it,’ he thought, ‘but after all there is no need of acting, my get-up is convincing enough.’ "
There is little left for Tatiana (the peasant) to do here but let loose with a bemused chuckle in the presence of these well meaning but hopelessly in over their head kids. Which she does.
The realization that dressing and talking like a peasant doesn’t make you a peasant eventually dawns on Nejdanov as he grows to hate the poor for his inability to understand them, as well as their indifference to him and his ideas (why can’t you see what I can see?!). There is a healthy dose of self loathing as well.
A string of failures and disappointments in bringing about the change he envisioned eventually causes Nejdanov to reflect one night that:
“It is now a fortnight since I have been going among "the people," and really it would be impossible to imagine anything more stupid than they are.
While who is truly guilty of stupidity here remains an open ended question for the reader, Nejdanov clearly has made up his mind, and its not him.
A group decidedly unenthusiastic about the poor for different reasons however, are the aristocrats. With their luxurious palaces, fancy cars, and affected French phrases that dot their speech, the wealthy (as they are wont to do) loathe and fear the masses as uncultured and dirty threats to their power and status. The peasants are for them, barely human and hardly worth spending undue thought and effort on. (Turgenev in a brilliant turn of phrase describes their overall attitude toward the poor as a “truly ministerial sensation of haughty compassion and fastidious condescension”)
Perhaps the only group the wealthy here despise more than the peasants are the middle class “agitators” who seek to stir them up. It is for them, unthinkable that someone of means would give up the trappings of wealth and status: Anyone who does so is worthy of their contempt.
The most, shall we say “flamboyant”, of these is a young aristocrat named Kollomietzev, a man with a very Russian name who seems to hold all things Russian in contempt.
Kollomietzev is for lack of a better word, a pretentious dick.
He pontificates endlessly on his moral virtues, fashion, the necessity of keeping the poor in their place (their very presence agitates him to no end), and his ever annoying habit of inserting random French into every sentence. He is a caricature of what Turgenev no doubt considered the morally bankrupt, foppish, and hopelessly out of touch aristocrat of his day.
As the ideological war between the aristocracy and the young people trying to overthrow it rages however, the poor just keep living, barely acknowledging these two sides warring over them or its relevance to their lives.
It is among these people alone that Turgenev seems to have any sympathy for. If the rich aren’t busy oppressing or enslaving them, then they are out in the countryside shouting and handing out pamphlets that will do little to materially better their lives.
In this sense, Turgenev reflected not only the absurdity of the class system and empty idealism of his day, but also foresaw what was to come in the future with well meaning but ultimately ineffective activists the world over trying to rouse groups that have little interest in being roused. In some cases, perhaps doing more harm than good.
It is perhaps bleak to conclude that all such efforts will always be doomed to failure but it’s difficult to escape the fact that this was Turgenev’s conclusion. The rich will always have their foot on your throat. Those that don’t will tell you you are free but not provide any meaningful or tangible proof of what that means. The only solace Turgenev provides us with is that at least there may be some laughs along the way.
“You say you want a revolution? Well you know. We all wanna change the world”. —The Beatles
I will say this about Turgenev and particularly this novel, there are few books that are more simultaneously bleak and hilarious as this one.
The communist uprising of 1918 is still a good 30-40 years away at the start of this story but there are clear signs of dissatisfaction. Not seemingly from the poor and oppressed mind you, they seem generally indifferent to politics as they simply try to survive, but rather among what amounts to well off Russians. Within this class, idealistic young people (as they are wont to do) take it upon themselves to renounce their wealth and status and “awaken” the masses.
The main representative of this school here is the university student, Nejdanov.
Nejdanov’s head is filled with revolution and not a little guilt at his own status. Through a series of connections with a motley crew of like minded scofflaws, outcasts and others, Nejdanov places his life at the mercy of vague notions of overturning the social order.
How it is to be achieved of course, nobody seems to really know. Through a series of bumbling and inept attempts to rouse the peasants, Nejdanov is heckled, beaten, inebriated against his will, and generally ignored as the peasants get on with their life. The following exchange is a nice summation of how things go for him on these trips to incite the people:
“He began shouting out the most absurd things to the peasants he met on the way. "Why are you asleep? Rouse yourself! The time has come! Down with the taxes! Down with the landlords!" Some of the peasants stared at him in amazement, others passed on without taking any notice of him, thinking that he was drunk; one even said when he got home that he had met a Frenchman on the way who was jabbering away at something he did not understand...Besides that, a dog bit my leg, a peasant woman threatened me with a poker from the door of her hut, shouting, 'Ugh! you pig! You Moscow rascals! There's no end to you!' and then a soldier shouted after me, 'Hi, there! We'll make mince-meat of you!' and he got drunk at my expense!”
Nejdanov and his friends want to be among the poor. Dress like them, talk like them, drink like them. But as he discovers, he is not like them at all. He was not born in their world, has never lived in their world, and hence can never really understand their world. We see an example of this later in the story when Nejdanov and his love interest abandon their posh home and hide out at the home of a Russian peasant. They decide to play dress up:
“I’ll tell you what I want to ask of you, Tatiana. I want to make or buy a dress, something like yours, only a little plainer. Then I want shoes and stockings and a kerchief, everything like you have. I've got some money.”
“Left alone, Nejdanov walked up and down the room once or twice with a peculiarly shuffling gait (he imagined that all shopkeepers walked like that), then he carefully sniffed at this sleeves, the inside of his cap, made a grimace, looked at himself in the little looking-glass hanging in between the windows, and shook his head; he certainly did not look very prepossessing. ‘So much the better,’ he thought. Then he took several pamphlets, thrust them into his side pocket, and began to practice speaking like a shopkeeper. ‘That sounds like it,’ he thought, ‘but after all there is no need of acting, my get-up is convincing enough.’ "
There is little left for Tatiana (the peasant) to do here but let loose with a bemused chuckle in the presence of these well meaning but hopelessly in over their head kids. Which she does.
The realization that dressing and talking like a peasant doesn’t make you a peasant eventually dawns on Nejdanov as he grows to hate the poor for his inability to understand them, as well as their indifference to him and his ideas (why can’t you see what I can see?!). There is a healthy dose of self loathing as well.
A string of failures and disappointments in bringing about the change he envisioned eventually causes Nejdanov to reflect one night that:
“It is now a fortnight since I have been going among "the people," and really it would be impossible to imagine anything more stupid than they are.
While who is truly guilty of stupidity here remains an open ended question for the reader, Nejdanov clearly has made up his mind, and its not him.
A group decidedly unenthusiastic about the poor for different reasons however, are the aristocrats. With their luxurious palaces, fancy cars, and affected French phrases that dot their speech, the wealthy (as they are wont to do) loathe and fear the masses as uncultured and dirty threats to their power and status. The peasants are for them, barely human and hardly worth spending undue thought and effort on. (Turgenev in a brilliant turn of phrase describes their overall attitude toward the poor as a “truly ministerial sensation of haughty compassion and fastidious condescension”)
Perhaps the only group the wealthy here despise more than the peasants are the middle class “agitators” who seek to stir them up. It is for them, unthinkable that someone of means would give up the trappings of wealth and status: Anyone who does so is worthy of their contempt.
The most, shall we say “flamboyant”, of these is a young aristocrat named Kollomietzev, a man with a very Russian name who seems to hold all things Russian in contempt.
Kollomietzev is for lack of a better word, a pretentious dick.
He pontificates endlessly on his moral virtues, fashion, the necessity of keeping the poor in their place (their very presence agitates him to no end), and his ever annoying habit of inserting random French into every sentence. He is a caricature of what Turgenev no doubt considered the morally bankrupt, foppish, and hopelessly out of touch aristocrat of his day.
As the ideological war between the aristocracy and the young people trying to overthrow it rages however, the poor just keep living, barely acknowledging these two sides warring over them or its relevance to their lives.
It is among these people alone that Turgenev seems to have any sympathy for. If the rich aren’t busy oppressing or enslaving them, then they are out in the countryside shouting and handing out pamphlets that will do little to materially better their lives.
In this sense, Turgenev reflected not only the absurdity of the class system and empty idealism of his day, but also foresaw what was to come in the future with well meaning but ultimately ineffective activists the world over trying to rouse groups that have little interest in being roused. In some cases, perhaps doing more harm than good.
It is perhaps bleak to conclude that all such efforts will always be doomed to failure but it’s difficult to escape the fact that this was Turgenev’s conclusion. The rich will always have their foot on your throat. Those that don’t will tell you you are free but not provide any meaningful or tangible proof of what that means. The only solace Turgenev provides us with is that at least there may be some laughs along the way.
March 16, 2013
Virgin Soil, Turgenev’s last novel, is about the Populist movement in Russia in the late 1860s and 1870s, a hundred years before my experiences in the social movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Turgenev's idealistic revolutionaries want to awaken the slumbering people and help them take back their country from the ruling classes. The story focuses on Alexey Nezhdanov, a young student in St. Petersburg, who wants to devote his life to the cause, condemning as elitist the poetry he cannot keep himself from writing.
So much of this is familiar! Nezhdanov and his friends go among the poor, hoping to blend in and teach them to expect more, with the result you would expect. There’s paranoia about possible infiltrators and dissension over which leaders to trust. Some advocate a violent uprising while others work within their own small sphere to create change. Some show common sense while others seem more concerned with self-aggrandizement. There are witting and unwitting betrayals. Nezhdanov falls in love with a young woman from a good family who shares his ideals and commitment to the cause.
The most interesting characters to me were two of his friends, minor characters whose loyalty is tested, and the aristocrat for whom he works, whose charming duplicity drives much of the action. This dramatic story helps me understand what happened to the movements of my youth, the disillusion and disarray they fell into.
So much of this is familiar! Nezhdanov and his friends go among the poor, hoping to blend in and teach them to expect more, with the result you would expect. There’s paranoia about possible infiltrators and dissension over which leaders to trust. Some advocate a violent uprising while others work within their own small sphere to create change. Some show common sense while others seem more concerned with self-aggrandizement. There are witting and unwitting betrayals. Nezhdanov falls in love with a young woman from a good family who shares his ideals and commitment to the cause.
The most interesting characters to me were two of his friends, minor characters whose loyalty is tested, and the aristocrat for whom he works, whose charming duplicity drives much of the action. This dramatic story helps me understand what happened to the movements of my youth, the disillusion and disarray they fell into.
September 14, 2018
"هرگز بیش از ین چنین خواب ترسناکی سرزمین ما را در بر نگرفته است.
همه هر کجا که هستند در خوابند،
در شهر ها،روستاها،گاری ها و سورتمه ها،
روز یا شب،نشسته یا ایستاده،
بازرگان و کارمند و نگهبان در پستش.
در برف گزنده و سرمای سوزان ،همه در خوابند.
متهم چرت می زند،قاضی خرناس می کشد،
و دهقانان شخم و درو می کنند،همچون مرده ها،
پدر،مادر،بچه ها ،همه در خوابند.
تنها میخانه تزار است که هرگز چشم بیرحمش را نمی بندد.
بنابراین،بطری را محکم در دست می گیرد،
ابرویش در قطب است و پاشنه اش در قفقاز،
روسیه مقدس،سرزمین مادری ما،در خواب ابدی غنوده است."
همه هر کجا که هستند در خوابند،
در شهر ها،روستاها،گاری ها و سورتمه ها،
روز یا شب،نشسته یا ایستاده،
بازرگان و کارمند و نگهبان در پستش.
در برف گزنده و سرمای سوزان ،همه در خوابند.
متهم چرت می زند،قاضی خرناس می کشد،
و دهقانان شخم و درو می کنند،همچون مرده ها،
پدر،مادر،بچه ها ،همه در خوابند.
تنها میخانه تزار است که هرگز چشم بیرحمش را نمی بندد.
بنابراین،بطری را محکم در دست می گیرد،
ابرویش در قطب است و پاشنه اش در قفقاز،
روسیه مقدس،سرزمین مادری ما،در خواب ابدی غنوده است."
January 10, 2023
Una Vendetta letteraria
«La terra vergine non va dissodata in superficie con un aratro leggero, ma in profondità con un vomere affilato»
Più che un romanzo, una storia, un racconto Terra Vergine è una Vendetta! Si, una vendetta di un russo contro la Russia, una vendetta letteraria di uno scrittore contro i suoi detrattori. Accusato di pessimismo e di oscurantismo da parte della nuova generazione liberale per il suo indiscusso capolavoro Padri e Figli, Turgenev risponde con questo suo ultimo romanzo.
La storia è ambientata nella seconda metà del XIX secolo, e narra di alcuni giovani che decidono di rigettare i canoni sociali della loro epoca per abbracciare il movimento populista.
Il protagonista Nezhdanov rappresenta in modo perfetto l’immagine dell’uomo “superfluo” costantemente in bilico tra l’amore per Marianna e i suoi ideali politici che sbiadiscono nella sua mente diventando evanescenti.
“Io ti dicevo or ora di aver rinunziato alle gioie dell'amore, di averle respinte, per dedicarmi esclusivamente alle mie idee... Ebbene, era una menzogna la mia, una bravata!.. Niente di simile mi è mai stato offerto, epperò niente ho avuto da respingere!”
Tra i personaggi secondari spicca Solomin, probabilmente un ritratto dell’autore stesso, che mostra apertamente i suoi dubbi sulle istanze rivoluzionarie e un forte sconforto di fronte ad un popolo sordo al richiamo liberale.
“Il nostro popolo dorme…
Ma io penso che se qualche cosa verrà a destarlo,
non sarà mai quello che noi crediamo…”
Con la sua ampiezza di ingegno e la profonda conoscenza del cuore umano Turgenev serve il piatto freddo della sua Vendetta mostrando le debolezze del suo popolo che indolentemente attende una risposta esterna alle proprie tensioni.
“Noi russi siamo un popolo che aspetta: ecco, si dice che arriverà qualcosa o qualcuno e di colpo ci libererà di tutto, ci guarirà di ogni ferita, estirperà ogni nostro male come un dente malato...Questa è solo pigrizia, indolenza, irriflessione!”
«La terra vergine non va dissodata in superficie con un aratro leggero, ma in profondità con un vomere affilato»
Più che un romanzo, una storia, un racconto Terra Vergine è una Vendetta! Si, una vendetta di un russo contro la Russia, una vendetta letteraria di uno scrittore contro i suoi detrattori. Accusato di pessimismo e di oscurantismo da parte della nuova generazione liberale per il suo indiscusso capolavoro Padri e Figli, Turgenev risponde con questo suo ultimo romanzo.
La storia è ambientata nella seconda metà del XIX secolo, e narra di alcuni giovani che decidono di rigettare i canoni sociali della loro epoca per abbracciare il movimento populista.
Il protagonista Nezhdanov rappresenta in modo perfetto l’immagine dell’uomo “superfluo” costantemente in bilico tra l’amore per Marianna e i suoi ideali politici che sbiadiscono nella sua mente diventando evanescenti.
“Io ti dicevo or ora di aver rinunziato alle gioie dell'amore, di averle respinte, per dedicarmi esclusivamente alle mie idee... Ebbene, era una menzogna la mia, una bravata!.. Niente di simile mi è mai stato offerto, epperò niente ho avuto da respingere!”
Tra i personaggi secondari spicca Solomin, probabilmente un ritratto dell’autore stesso, che mostra apertamente i suoi dubbi sulle istanze rivoluzionarie e un forte sconforto di fronte ad un popolo sordo al richiamo liberale.
“Il nostro popolo dorme…
Ma io penso che se qualche cosa verrà a destarlo,
non sarà mai quello che noi crediamo…”
Con la sua ampiezza di ingegno e la profonda conoscenza del cuore umano Turgenev serve il piatto freddo della sua Vendetta mostrando le debolezze del suo popolo che indolentemente attende una risposta esterna alle proprie tensioni.
“Noi russi siamo un popolo che aspetta: ecco, si dice che arriverà qualcosa o qualcuno e di colpo ci libererà di tutto, ci guarirà di ogni ferita, estirperà ogni nostro male come un dente malato...Questa è solo pigrizia, indolenza, irriflessione!”
October 3, 2016
I was very struck by the parallels with Dostoyevsky's "Devils", which I also read recently. I think I prefer Turgenev (even though this is not his best). Turgenev is not as unrelievedly gloomy as Dostoyevsky - there is humour and affection here, and of course Turgenev's extraordinary ability to draw us into the sight and taste and feel of his narrative. Opening his book is like imbibing a shaman's potion and flitting, shape-changed, back in time to smell the earth of mother Russia. Not that this is all light hearted froth: there is biting satire, and tragedy, and sorrow. Turgenev - like Dostoyevsky - seems remarkably prescient about the slow-motion train-crash that is coming...Revolution, Civil War, and Red Terror look horribly unavoidable even half a century before they happened. If the political ideals of the central characters are doomed to failure, they do at least eventually seem to realise that they have been barking up the wrong tree. Which of us make the right choices in life anyway? Who has not become disillusioned? And yet - Turgenev seems to say - not everything is lost, and misplaced ideological convictions don't matter so much, if kindness and love remain.
October 18, 2021
This is a STUPENDOUS novel, and I am flabbergasted that it is not better known. Father's and Sons is great as well (I read both in the Garnett translation), but this one seems to have been overshadowed by that, and it's a shame. It tells the story of young intellectuals before the revolution, and is a tremendous picture of the aspirations and naivete of those young people. The New York Review of Books should get a shout out for all the wonderful books they keep rescuing from oblivion, and this is one of the most worthy of the bunch. For anyone who loves Turgenev (and how could you not?), this is absolutely essential.
October 15, 2015
Si potrebbe dire che Turgenev ha avuto due colpi di genio con i quali si è guadagnato l'eternità letteraria: ha inventato il termine "nichilista" e ha creato il carattere dell'"uomo superfluo", padre putativo di tutti gli inetti di novecentesca memoria. "Terra Vergine", ultimo romanzo scritto dall'autore poco prima di morire, rappresenta il punto di convergenza di queste due geniali trovate e, benché forse appena inferiore a "Padri e Figli", è un riuscitissimo romanzo.
Consigliato a tutti i russofiliaci-slavomaniaci in circolazione.
Consigliato a tutti i russofiliaci-slavomaniaci in circolazione.
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