Pan-uuripon

Iton pan-uuripon in usa ka legal o sistema pan-ekonomiya ha ilarom kun diin into tawo in gintatrato komo butang.^[1] Bisan pa man iton mga balaod ngan mga sistema in nagkakadurudilaindain, komo butang, iton mga uripon in puyde mapalit ngan mabaligya. Iton mga uripon in puydi kapton tikang ha takna han ira pagkadakop, pagpalit o pagkatawo, ngan gintatanggalan hin katungod magbaya, magdiri hit pagtrabaho o mag-aro hin suhol. Ha kasaysayan, iton pan-uuripon in ginkikilala han mga institusyon han kadam-an nga sosyudad; ngan ha mas bag-o nga panahon, iton pan-uuripon in gindidire na han balaod ha ngatanan nga mga nasod, pero napadayon la gihapon ini ha buhat tungod han pagkautang, serfdom, suruguon ha panimalay nga ginpipriso, pipira nga mga pag-ampon kun diin an mga kabataan in napipiritan magtrabaho komo mga uripon, mga bata nga sundalo, ngan pinirit nga pag-asawa.^[2] An pan-uuripon in opisyal nga diri legal ha ngatanan nga mga nasod, pero may-ada la gihapon ginbabanabanahan nga 20 milyos hangtod 36 milyones nga mga uripon ha bug-os nga kalibutan.^[3][4][5] An Mauritania an pinakakataposan nga hurisdiksyon nga opisyal nga gindidiri han balaod an pan-uuripon (ha 1981/2007), pero mga 10% o 20% han iya popyulasyon in ginbabanabanahan nga nabubuhi hin pagkauripon.^[6][7]

May-da na pan-uuripon san-o pa an sinurat nga kasaysayan ngan ini in may-ada ha kadam-an nga mga kultura.^[8] Kadam-an han mga uripon ha pagkayana in uripon ha utang, labi na ha Salatan Asya, nga nagpapailarom tungod han utang han mga nangungutang, danay naabot pa bisan hin pipira nga henerasyon.^[9] An human trafficiking in panguna nga gingagamit hin pagpipirit han mga kababayin-an ngan kabataan ngadto ha industriya han sex.^[10]

• Bales, Kevin, Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy (1999)
• Campbell, Gwyn, Suzanne Miers, and Joseph C. Miller, eds. Women and Slavery. Volume 1: Africa, the Indian Ocean World, and the Medieval Atlantic; Women and Slavery. Volume 2: The Modern Atlantic (2007)
• Davies, Stephen (2008). "Slavery, World". Ha Hamowy, Ronald (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; Cato Institute. pp. 464–9. ISBN. LCCN 2008009151. OCLC 750831024.
• Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770-1823 (1999)
• Davis, David Brion. The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture (1988)
• Drescher, Seymour. Abolition: A History of Slavery and Antislavery (2009) highly regarded history of slavery and its abolition, worldwide
• Finkelman, Paul, ed. Encyclopedia of Slavery (1999)
• Gordon, M. Slavery in the Arab World (1989)
• Greene, Jacqueline. Slavery in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, (2001), ISBN 0-531-16538-8
• Joseph, Celucien L. Race, Religion, and The Haitian Revolution: Essays on Faith, Freedom, and Decolonization (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012)
• Joseph, Celucien L. From Toussaint to Price-Mars: Rhetoric, Race, and Religion in Haitian Thought (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2013)
• Lal, K. S. Muslim Slave System in Medieval India Ginhipos 2008-05-12 han Wayback Machine (1994) ISBN 81-85689-67-9
• Miers, Suzanne, and Igor Kopytoff, eds. Slavery In Africa: Historical & Anthropological Perspectives (1979)
• Morgan, Kenneth. Slavery and the British Empire: From Africa to America (2008)
• Postma, Johannes. The Atlantic Slave Trade, (2003)
• Rodriguez, Junius P., ed., The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery (1997)
• Rodriguez, Junius P., ed. Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia (2007)
• Shell, Robert Carl-Heinz Children Of Bondage: A Social History Of The Slave Society At The Cape Of Good Hope, 1652–1813 (1994)
• Westermann, William Linn The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity (1955), ISBN 0-87169-040-3

Uncited sources

• Hogendorn, Jan and Johnson Marion: The Shell Money of the Slave Trade. African Studies Series 49, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1986.
• The Slavery Reader, ed. by Rigas Doganis, Gad Heuman, James Walvin, Routledge 2003

United States

• Baptist, Edward E. The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. Basic Books (2014). ISBN 046500296X
• Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America (1999), most important recent survey
• Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II Doubleday (23 Marso 2008), ISBN 0-385-50625-2 ISBN 978-0-385-50625-0
• Boles, John. Black Southerners: 1619–1869 (1983) brief survey
• Engerman, Stanley L. Terms of Labor: Slavery, Serfdom, and Free Labor (1999) Ginhipos 2012-06-25 han Wayback Machine
• Genovese Eugene D. Roll, Jordan Roll (1974), classic study
  • Richard H. King, "Marxism and the Slave South", American Quarterly 29 (1977), 117–31, a critique of Genovese
• Escott, Paul D. "Remembering Slavery: African Americans Talk about Their Personal Experiences of Slavery and Freedom" Journal of Southern History, Vol. 67, 2001 Ginhipos 2012-05-25 han Wayback Machine
• Mintz, S. Slavery Facts & Myths Ginhipos 2014-02-09 han Wayback Machine, Digital History
• Parish, Peter J. Slavery: History and Historians (1989) Ginhipos 2012-05-25 han Wayback Machine
• Phillips, Ulrich B. American Negro Slavery: A Survey of the Supply, Employment and Control of Negro Labor as Determined by the Plantation Regime (1918; paperback reprint 1966), southern white perspective
• Phillips, Ulrich B. Life and Labor in the Old South (1929)
• Sellers, James B. Slavery in Alabama (1950).
• Sydnor, Charles S. Slavery in Mississippi (1933)
• Stamp, Kenneth M. The Peculiar Institution: Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South (1956), a rebuttal of U B Philipps
• Trenchard, David (2008). "Slavery in America". Ha Hamowy, Ronald (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE; Cato Institute. pp. 469–70. ISBN. LCCN 2008009151. OCLC 750831024.
• Vorenberg, Michael. Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment (2001) Ginhipos 2012-05-25 han Wayback Machine
• Weinstein, Allen, Frank O. Gatell, and Lewis Sarasohn, eds., American Negro Slavery: A Modern Reader, third ed. (1978)

Slavery in the modern era

• Jesse Sage and Liora Kasten, Enslaved: True Stories of Modern Day Slavery, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008 ISBN 978-1-4039-7493-8
• Tom Brass, Marcel van der Linden, and Jan Lucassen, Free and Unfree Labour. Amsterdam: International Institute for Social History, 1993
• Tom Brass, Towards a Comparative Political Economy of Unfree Labour: Case Studies and Debates, London and Portland, OR: Frank Cass Publishers, 1999. 400 pages.
• Tom Brass and Marcel van der Linden, eds., Free and Unfree Labour: The Debate Continues, Bern: Peter Lang AG, 1997. 600 pages. A volume containing contributions by all the most important writers on modern forms of unfree labour.
• Kevin Bales, Disposable People. New Slavery in the Global Economy, Revised Edition, University of California Press 2004, ISBN 0-520-24384-6
• Kevin Bales (ed.), Understanding Global Slavery Today. A Reader, University of California Press 2005, ISBN 0-520-24507-5
• Kevin Bales, Ending Slavery: How We Free Today's Slaves, University of California Press 2007, ISBN 978-0-520-25470-1.
• Mende Nazer and Damien Lewis, Slave: My True Story, ISBN 1-58648-212-2. Mende is a Nuba, captured at 12 years old. She was granted political asylum by the British government in 2003.
• Gary Craig, Aline Gaus, Mick Wilkinson, Klara Skrivankova and Aidan McQ­ e (2007). Contemporary slavery in the UK: Overview and key issues Ginhipos 2007-06-14 han Wayback Machine, Joseph Rowntree Foundation. ISBN 978-1-85935-573-2.
• David Hawk, The Hidden Gulag - Slave Labor Camps in North Korea Ginhipos 2015-03-13 han Wayback Machine, Washington DC: Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, 2012, ISBN 0-615-62367-0
• Somaly Mam Foundation Ginhipos 2017-02-08 han Wayback Machine
• Thomas Sowell, The Real History of Slavery, in: Black Rednecks and White Liberals, San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2005. ISBN 978-1-59403-086-4.

An Wikimedia Commons mayda media nga nahahanungod han: Pan-uuripon

Kitaa an Pan-uuripon ha
Wiktionary, an gawasnon nga pagpurulongan o diksyunaryu.

Iton Wikiquote mayda tinirok nga mga puplonganon, darahonon o ginyakan nga nahanunungod han/kan:

Pan-uuripon

An Wikisource in may-ada teksto han 1905 New International Encyclopedia hiunong han artikulo nga Pan-uuripon.

• Slavery Resource Guide, from the Library of Congress
• Digital Library on American Slavery
• African Holocaust
• Emory and Oxford College Ginhipos 2011-07-18 han Wayback Machine
• Slavery Fact Sheets, Digital History Ginhipos 2014-02-09 han Wayback Machine
• The West African Sqron and slave trade
• Slavery – PBS
• Understanding Slavery Ginhipos 2010-03-26 han Wayback Machine
• Slavery
• Slavery Museum. Great Britain. Ginhipos 2012-03-16 han Wayback Machine
• Archives on slavery held by the University of London Ginhipos 2012-07-16 han Wayback Machine
• Mémoire St Barth (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition)^{[dead link]}, Comité de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques.
• Archives of the Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie (MCC) 'Trade Company of Middelburg' (Inventory of the archives of the Dutch slave trade across the Atlantic)

• news-politics, modern-slavery Modern Slavery^{[dead link]} - slideshow by The First Post
• Slavery – PBS
• Walk Free Foundation – Global Slavery Index 2013 | Explore the Index