Kitaa an tinikangan para han Metropolitano nga Manila

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{{ighubad Iningles}}
{{Infobox rehiyon Pilipinas|
   ngaran              = Metropolitano nga Manila |
   map_file            = National Capital Region in Philippines.svg |
   sentro              = [[Manila]] |
   populasyon          = 11,289,368<sup>[http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/poproj09.txt]</sup> (2005)|
   densidad_km2        = 17,751 |
   kahaluag_km2        = 636 |
   probinsya           = &mdash; |
   syudad              = 16 |
   bungto              = 1 |
   baranggay           = 1694 |
   distrito            = 27 |
   yinaknan            = [[Tinag-alog]] |
 }}

:''Para han artikulo mahitungod han kapital nga syudad han [[Pilipinas]], kitaa an [[Manila]].''

An '''Metropolitano nga Manila''' (ha Iningles: ''Metropolitan Manila''; ha [[Tinag-alog]]: ''Kalakhang Maynila'') o '''Nasodnon nga Rehiyon han Pamunuan''' (ha Iningles: ''National Capital Region (NCR)''; ha [[Tinag-alog]]: ''Pambansang Punong Rehiyon'') amo an kapital han [[Pilipinas]] ngan usa han mga katloan nga pinakadako hin populasyon nga mga metropolitano nga kahaluag han kalibutan. It Metro Manila usa han duha nga mga designar nga mga metropolitano nga kahaluag han Pilipinas,  ngan an sugad gihapon hini amo an [[Metro Cebu]].

An Metro Manila amo an metropolitano nga kahaluag nga naglalakip han syudad han [[Manila]], ngan hin napulo kag unom nga mga nagpapalibot nga mga syudad ngan bugnto, upod an [[Syudad han Quezon]], an kapital tikang han [[1948]] tubtob [[1976]].  It Metro Manila amo an politikal, ekonomiya, sosyal ngan kultura nga sentro han Pilipinas, ngan usa han mga modero nga mga metropolis ha Timugan nga Asya. Damo nga mga lokal ha Syudad han Manila ngan ha mga probinsya an natawag hit rehiyon nga Manila la, bisan man kon ini diri ginkakauyonan hin mga lokal tikang han iba nga dapit han metropolis.  It Metro Manila agsob nga ginpapahalipot nga ''M.M.''.

It Metro Manila amo an gigutiayi han mga [[Mga Rehiyon han Pilipinas|administratibo nga rehiyon]], pero amo ini an pinakadako hin populasyon ngan pinakahitaas an densidad hin populasyon, kay mayda hini populasyon nga 9,932,560 (sumala han 2000 nga census) hin kahaluag nga mga 636 ka kwadrado nga kilometro la an kadako. Amo la liwat ini an rehiyon nga waray mga [[Mga Probinsya han Pilipinas|probinsya]]. Ginsasapitan an rehiyon han mga lalawigan han [[Bulacan]] ha amihanan,  [[Rizal]] ha sidlangan, ngan [[Cavite]] ug [[Laguna|Laguna]] ha salatan. It Metro Manila nahamutnga gihapon han [[Bahia han Manila]] ha salatan ngan han [[Laguna de Bay]] ha timugan o salatan-sidlangan ngan an [[Salog han Pasig]] nasubay ha butnga hinin duha nga mga katubigan ngan nagtutunga hit rehiyon.

An pamulong nga ''Metro Manila'' diri angay igkalipat han [[Strong Republic Transit System|metro]] nga riles nga sistema han rehiyon, ngan an pulong nga ''metro'' mismo pirme ginagamit ha pagtawag han metropolitano nga lugar (sugad ha ''the metro''). An mga agi-anan nga riles tinatawag ha ira mga pagpahalipot sugad han LRT ngan an MRT, nga kilalado liwat nga ''Light Rail Transit'' ngan ''Metro Rail Transit'' respectivamente.

Ha papel, it [[Manila]] amo an pinili nga kapital nga lingkoranan han gobyerno han Pilipinas, pero ha tinuod, an mga lingkoranan han gobyerno nahamutang ha dirudilain nga mga dapit han Metro Manila. An ehekutibo ngan administratibo nga lingkoranan han gobyerno nahamutang ha Manila, pati gihapon an judikatura. An hitaas nga balayan han lehislatura (an [[Senado han Pilipinas]]) nahamutang ha [[Syudad han Pasay]], samtang an ubos nga balayan (an [[Kapulongan hin mga Representante han Pilipinas]]) ha [[Syudad han Quezon]].
<!--
==History==
Manila was first founded in [[June 24]], [[1571]] by three Spanish [[conquistadors]], led by [[Martín de Goiti]], [[Juan de Salcedo]] and [[Miguel López de Legazpi]]. In 1867, the Spanish Government of the Philippines founded the municipalities and territories south of the District of Morong in Nueva Ecija, north of the Province of Tondo and Imperial Manila, and isolated these from their mother province-Nueva Ecija. The Government created the Province of Manila composed of the Province of Tondo to the south and the isolated territories of Nueva Ecija to the north. The parts of Tondo were Navotas, Malabon, and Caloocan; and the parts of Nueva Ecija were Mariquina, Balintawak, Caloocan, Pasig, San Felipe Neri (presently called Makati), Las Piñas, what had been known as Paranaque, and Muntinlupa were combined to form the Province of Manila. The capital of the Province was [[Intramuros]], then itself called and considered to be Manila, a walled city located along the banks of Pasig River and Manila Bay in the present Manila. [[Image:Intramuros.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Intamuros, The Walled City of Manila, in 1932 before its destruction in 1945.]] In 1897, while the Imperial City of Manila is being prepared for industrialization, most houses in Tondo were demolished to give way to railroad construction. One of those whose house was demolished was Andres Bonifacio, the founder of the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangan, Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Supreme and Revered Union of the Children of the Nation) or KKK, a secret organization which aimed towards independence and self-governance away from the Spanish government. In 1896, the Cry of Balintawak was initiated, an event which denounces the Spanish authority by tearing their ''cedulas'' or residence tax slips. On December 30, 1896, [[Jose Rizal]], the Philippine National Hero, was executed by the Spanish government in Bagumbayan, an execution site near Intramuros. This event led to the Filipino uprising against Spain. Likewise, The Province of Manila was the 8th and last Province to revolt against Spain paving the establishment of the Federated Philippine Republics (composed of [[Nueva Ecija]], [[Pampanga]], [[Bulacan]], [[Tarlac]], [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]], [[Batangas]], [[Cavite]] and Manila). The Province remained in existence until 1901, when its territory was subdivided by the Americans. 

In [[1901]], the Philippine Assembly created the City of Manila composed of the Municipalities of Ermita, [[Intramuros]] or Imperial City of Manila, [[Tondo, Manila|Tondo]], [[Santa Cruz, Manila|Santa Cruz]], [[Sta. Ana, Manila|Sta. Ana]], [[San Nicolas]], [[San Miguel, Manila|San Miguel]], [[Paco, Manila|Paco]], [[Port, Manila|Port Area]], [[Pandacan, Manila|Pandacan]], [[Sampaloc, Manila|Sampaloc]], [[Quiapo, Manila|Quiapo]], [[Binondo, Manila|Binondo]] and others. Some Assemblymen included the municipalities of Caloocan, Marikina, Pasig, Parañaque, Malabon, Navotas, San Juan, Makati, Mandaluyong (San Felipe Neri), Las Piñas, Muntinglupa and Taguig-Pateros to a new province named Rizal. The capital of the province was Pasig.

In [[1941]] as an emergency measure, President [[Manuel L. Quezon]] created the City of Greater Manila, merging the city and municipal governments of Manila, Quezon City, San Juan del Monte, Caloocan, etc. and appointing [[Jorge Vargas]] as Mayor. Existing mayors of the included cities and municipalities served as vice-mayors for their areas. This was in order to ensure Vargas, who was Quezon's principal lieutenant for administrative matters, would have a position of authority that would be recognized under international military law. There were doubts if the Japanese Imperial Army poised to occupy Manila would recognize the authorities of members of the Quezon cabinet. The City of Greater Manila was abolished by the Japanese with the formation of the Philippine Executive Commission to govern the occupied regions of the country. As an administrative concept, however, the City of Greater Manila served as a model for Metro Manila and the position of Metro Manila governor established during the Marcos administration.

In [[1976]], owing a great respect to the history of Manila, President [[Ferdinand Marcos]] issued Presidential Decree 824, creating the Metropolitan Manila Area. The site of the old province of Manila can no longer be used for agricultural purposes and therefore the term 'province' is not applicable. The decree seceded the 12 municipalities and 2 cities of Rizal, the municipality of Valenzuela in Bulacan, Quezon City and Manila.  The Metropolitan Manila Commission is created to administer the emerging metropolis. Marcos appointed his wife [[Imelda Marcos]] as governor of Metro Manila.

In [[1986]], after a major government reorganization, President [[Corazon Aquino]] issued Executive Order No. 392 and changed the structure of the Metropolitan Manila Commission and renamed it to Metropolitan Manila Authority. Metro Manila Mayors chose from themselves as chair of the agency. 

In [[1995]], through Republic Act 7924, Metro Manila Authority was reorganized and became the [[Metropolitan Manila Development Authority]]. The chair of the agency is appointed by the President and should not have a concurrent elected position such as mayor.
-->
==Mga syudad ngan mga bungto==
An Metro Manila nahibug-os hin napulo kag unom (16) nga mga [[Mga Syudad han Pilipinas|syudad]] ngan usa (1) nga mga [[bungto Pilipinhon|bungto]]. An tagsa bungto ngan syudad pinamunoan hin alkalde o mayor nga api han Metro Manila Mayor's League, nga kabahin han [[Metropolitan Manila Development Authority]] (MMDA).

[[image:Political map of Metro Manila.svg|thumb|upright|Mapa han Metro Manila nga nagpapakita han mga syudad ngan mga bungto.]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Selyo
!Syudad/Bungto
!Populasyon'''¹'''
!Kahaluag<br>([[kwadrado nga kilometro|km²]])
!Dens. han pop.<br />(ha tagsa km²)
!Tinuig nga rata hin<br>pagtubo hin populasyon
!Per capita<br>GDP
!Kahimo<br>nga syudad
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_caloocan.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Caloocan|Caloocan]]
|align=right|1,378,856
|align=right|53.33
|align=right|25,855
|align=right|2.20
|align=right|$9,426
|align=right|1962
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_laspinas.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Las Piñas|Las Piñas]]
|align=right|532,330
|align=right|41.54
|align=right|12,815
|align=right|1.65
|align=right|$8,678
|align=right|1997
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_makati.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Makati|Makati]]
|align=right|510,383
|align=right|27.36
|align=right|18,654
|align=right|1.91
|align=right|$29,259
|align=right|1995
|-
|
|[[Syudad han Malabon|Malabon]]
|align=right|363,681
|align=right|15.76
|align=right|23,076
|align=right|.98
|align=right|$4,334
|align=right|2001
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_mandaluyong.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Mandaluyong|Mandaluyong]]
|align=right|305,576
|align=right|11.26
|align=right|27,138
|align=right|1.29
|align=right|$20,258
|align=right|1994
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_manila.png|20px]]
|[[Manila]]
|align=right|1,660,714
|align=right|38.55
|align=right|43,079
|align=right|.68
|align=right|$13,731
|align=right|1574
|-
|
|[[Syudad han Marikina|Marikina]]
|align=right|424,610
|align=right|33.97
|align=right|12,500
|align=right|1.14
|align=right|$10,346
|align=right|1996
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_muntinlupa.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Muntinlupa|Muntinlupa]]
|align=right|452,943
|align=right|46.70
|align=right|9,699
|align=right|2.48
|align=right|$13,789
|align=right|1995
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_navotas.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Navotas|Navotas]]
|align=right|245,344
|align=right|10.77
|align=right|22,780
|align=right|.87
|align=right|$5,296
|align=right|2007
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_paranaque.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Parañaque|Parañaque]]
|align=right|552,660
|align=right|47.69
|align=right|11,589
|align=right|2.88
|align=right|$10,146
|align=right|1998
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_pasay.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Pasay|Pasay]]
|align=right|403,064
|align=right|19.00
|align=right|21,214
|align=right|1.77
|align=right|$6,876
|align=right|1947
|-
|
|[[Syudad han Pasig|Pasig]]
|align=right|617,301
|align=right|31.00
|align=right|19,913
|align=right|2.80
|align=right|$12,032
|align=right|1995
|-
|[[Image:Seal of Pateros.png|20px]]
|[[Pateros, Metro Manila|Pateros]]
|align=right|61,940
|align=right|2.10
|align=right|29,495
|align=right|1.05
|align=right|$3,324
|
|-
|[[Image:Quezon City.svg|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Quezon|Quezon]]
|align=right|2,679,450
|align=right|161.12
|align=right|16,630
|align=right|2.92
|align=right|$11,213
|align=right|1939
|-
|
|[[Syudad han San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]]
|align=right|124,187
|align=right|5.94
|align=right|20,907
|align=right|0.87
|align=right|$16,893
|align=right|2007
|-
|
|[[Syudad han Taguig|Taguig]]
|align=right|613,343
|align=right|47.88
|align=right|12,810
|align=right|3.82
|align=right|$12,342
|align=right|2004
|-
|[[Image:Ph_seal_ncr_valenzuela.png|20px]]
|[[Syudad han Valenzuela|Valenzuela]]
|align=right|568,928
|align=right|44.58
|align=right|12,762
|align=right|2.21
|align=right|$7,531
|align=right|1998
|-
|
|'''Bug-os'''
|align=right|11,553,427<sup><small>2</small></sup>
|align=right|638.55
|align=right|18,093
|align=right|2.11
|align=right|$10,223
|align=right|
|}

<small>'''¹''' 2007 nga Census</small>
<small><sup>2</sup> Upod in mga baranggay nga gin-aawayan han mga syudad han Makati ngan Taguig.</small>

An Metro Manila or the National Capital Region (NCR)  diri sugad han iba nga mga rehiyon nga ginbahinbahin ngadto hin mga [[Mga Probinsya han Pilipinas|probinsya]] kondi ginbahin ini ngadto hin upat nga waray-''function'' nga mga distrito, nga gintirok pinaagi ha heyograpiya nga batikan nga ginreperensya ha [[Salog han Pasig]]. Ini nga mga distrito ginhimo dida han 1976 pero waray ini mga lokal nga gobyerno ngan waray representasyon ha kongreso, diri sugad han mga probinsya.  Gingagamit la ini nga mga distrito para hin mga panuyo hin fiscal ngan istadistika. 

An mga syudad ngan bungto ha sakob han NCR ginbahin han upat nga mga distrito hin sugad hini:

*'''Syahan nga Distrito:''' Syudad han [[Manila]]
*'''Ikaduha nga Distrito:''' [[Syudad han Mandaluyong]], [[Syudad han Marikina]], [[Syudad han Pasig]], [[Syudad han Quezon]], [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]]
*'''Ikatulo nga Distrito:''' [[Syudad han Caloocan]], [[Syudad han Malabon]], [[Syudad han Navotas]], [[Syudad han Valenzuela]]
*'''Ika-upat nga Distrito:''' [[Syudad han Las Piñas]], [[Syudad han Makati]], [[Syudad han Muntinlupa]], [[Syudad han Parañaque]], [[Syudad han Pasay]], [[Pateros, Metro Manila|Pateros]], [[Syudad han Taguig]]
<!--
==Economy==
[[Image:Ortigas_full_moon.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Ortigas Center in Mandaluyong, Pasig and Quezon City Boundary]]

===Business districts===
[[Makati City]] is widely acknowledged as the financial capital of the country where one can find the Makati Central Business District (CBD). Interesting landmarks in Makati's Central Business District include [[Ayala Center]], composed of [[Glorietta]] and [[Greenbelt]], [[Ayala Museum]], and [[Yuchengco Museum]]. Also in Makati is Rockwell Center. Most multi-national company offices and embassies in the Philippines are situated in Makati. Also posing as a competitor for a vibrant business center are Bonifacio Global City in Taguig, Eastwood City in Quezon City, Ortigas Center in Pasig City, Manila Bay City Reclamation Area in the cities of Pasay, Parañaque and Las Piñas, and Alabang Estates and Madrigal Business Park in Muntinlupa.

===Shopping centers===
Metro Manila currently has a large number of malls in the [[Philippines]]. The largest being the [[SM Mall of Asia]], also the third biggest in the world, in the Pasay City reclamation area. Before the Mall of Asia was completed, the largest was [[SM Megamall]] in Ortigas Center. 

Other shopping centers in Ortigas Center include Robinson's Galleria, Shangri-la Plaza, and The Podium. 

Recently opened in Pasig is a new development called Frontera Verde, which currently hosts Tiendesitas, a tiangge-style shopping center. Soon to rise are a new SM development as well as several other malls.
In the Central Business District of Makati, the [[Ayala Center]] hosts other malls, including Glorietta and the upscale Greenbelt shopping districts. Also in Makati is the Rockwell Center. These places are frequented by members of Metro Manila's upper classes.

Taguig City has a mall named ''Market-Market!'', which is strategically located in a transportation hub within [[Fort Bonifacio]] Global City. 

In the City of Manila, the largest malls include SM City Manila and Robinson's Place-Ermita. 

Cubao is [[Quezon City]]'s Central Commercial Area that hosts 5 malls that includes the ultra-modern Gateway Mall. Other malls include various SM chains in the metropolis. Aside from Cubao, there is also Eastwood City, located along Libis.

Metro Manila has a lot of markets, locally called ''palengke''. One of these are the Central Market, located in Quiapo district of Manila, and Divisoria Market, also in Manila. Cloverleaf Market in Balintawak, Quezon City supplies most of Metro Manila's fruit and vegetable products. Navotas Port Market supplies most of Metro Manila's fish products.  Other smaller markets include the markets of Cubao Farmers, Nepa-Q Mart, Muñoz, Balingasa, Galas, Santa Mesa, Novaliches Talipapa, Baclaran, Pasay Libertad, and Pasay Cartimar, the latter also being one of the finest pet markets in the Philippines.

Midway between a mall and a market are the Philippine-only ''tiangge''s, or airconditioned markets selling goods such as clothes, shoes, accessories, computer parts, mobile phones, CDs, VCDs, MP3s, iPods, and DVDs. Among these can be found in [[Greenhills Shopping Center]] in the municipality of San Juan and St. Francis Square in Mandaluyong City.

===Wealth extremes===-->
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Malateskylinemanilabay.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Manila Bay]] --><!--
[[Image:HPIM2166.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Greenbelt Park, at the heart of Makati CBD, where al fresco cafés and restaurants are situated]]
Metro Manila is a place of economic extremes. Most of the wealthy and upper-middle class in the country reside within [[gated communities]] in places such as [[Forbes Park]], [[Dasmariñas Village]], [[Bel-Air Village]], and Urdaneta Village in Makati, [[Loyola Heights]], La Vista Subdivision, Corinthian Gardens, Greenmeadows, Capitol Hills District, [[Ayala Heights]], Filinvest 1 and 2, Baranggay South Triangle, Baranggay West Triangle, New Manila, Blue Ridge, St. Ignatius Village, and [[White Plains]] of [[Quezon City]], Valle Verde Village of Pasig City, Greenhills in San Juan, and Ayala Alabang in [[Muntinlupa City]]. Other wealthy families opt to live urban lifestyles and instead own large apartments and condominium units such as those in the Rockwell Center in Makati and the Fort Bonifacio Global City in Taguig. That the area is populated by many of the wealthiest people in the country has also driven up the real estate value of the properties in these areas such that they are unmatched anywhere else.

However, practically side-by-side with the residences of Metro Manila's elite are slums and squattered areas, most of which are in the outskirts of the aforementioned gated communities, as well as areas left behind by the rapid development of the rest of Metro Manila, such as Tondo and Sampaloc in Manila, Guadalupe in Makati, some parts of Marikina, Caloocan, and Valenzuela, and most parts of Navotas. Highway roadsides are often crowded with corrugated-steel-roofed huts and straw markets by which livelihood is obtained, in a stark contrast to the gated subdivisions present in Metro Manila. Less than 10% of the population actually live in the aformentioned neighborhoods, while the rest live in non-gated (normal) neighborhoods in regular houses, apartments, tenements and shacks. 

Metro Manila is also characterized by a very large middle class group scattered throughout the metropolis. The middle-class group in Metro Manila enjoys much more spending power, access to education, and far better living qualities than the quite numerous poverty-stricken people that migrate to Metro Manila from the provinces.

==Recreation==

Located west of Metro Manila, [[Rizal Park]] is the reference point for all kilometer points in the island of [[Luzon]] and the Philippines. Rizal Park features the statue of the Philippine National Hero [[Jose Rizal]], as well as several Philippine flags, a gigantic relief map of the Philippines, scenic Chinese gardens, and the several government offices, such as the Department of Tourism. On the seaside front of Rizal Park are numerous seafood restaurants specializing in Filipino and Asian cuisine. The National Museum of the Filipino People can be also found here. It is a complex of two Greco-Roman buildings which house ancient relics, native mummies, natural treasures and factual galleries about the Philippines and other countries. The museum also boasts a vast collection of artworks and masterpieces crafted by Filipinos which were commended by the [[Louvre]] Museum per se. Similarly, part of the museum complex is the first planetarium in Southeast Asia.  Also located here is the [[Quirino Grandstand]], which apart from the regular ''miting de avance'' (Spanish: political gatherings), is also a popular rendezvous of various religious groups, such as [[El Shaddai]] and other popular American-based Protestant movements, such as [[Benny Hinn]] International Ministries. 

Near the Rizal Park is a 400-year-old Imperial City known as Intramuros, a walled domain which was once the seat of government during the Spanish Colonial Era and Mid-American Periods. Among the attractions are the Fort Santiago, a timeworn Spanish military fortress which was also the cell for the national hero, Jose Rizal in [[1896]]; Casa Manila, a Spanish colonial villa which is converted into a house gallery; Manila Cathedral, the official seat of the Archbishop of Manila; San Agustin Church, the oldest existing church/building in the Philippines that survived the wars and earthquakes of Manila since [[1587]]; Intramuros Golf Club, a prime golf course outside the walls; and the Clam Shell Tent, an exhibition center of the Department of Tourism. Horse-carriages and tourist buses are also some of the attractions. The rest also includes a walk above the walls surrounding Intramuros, government offices, universities and colonial houses.

Fort Bonifacio, or FB, is the location of military detachments, cemeteries, International schools, and world-class dining and shopping facilities. Other local recreation areas include the Nayong Pilipino (Philippine Village) in Parañague City, Quezon City Memorial Circle and Ninoy Aquino Wildlife Center, both located in Diliman district of Quezon City, the posh Greenbelt Center, located in Makati City, the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex and Bay City, both located in Pasay City. Meanwhile, the Paco Park, Arroceros Botanical Garden, Manila Zoo, Plaza Rajah Sulayman, Plaza Miranda, new Rizal Avenue Bargain Walkway, the all-steel Gothic Church of San Sebastian, the bars and night clubs of Ermita and Malate districts and the famous Roxas Boulevard Bay Walk which offers a fine view of the legendary Manila Bay sunset and hip-dining of Asian, Western and Filipino cuisine, are all located in Manila.

==Transportation==
{{seealso|Transportation in the Philippines}}

===Roadways===
{{main|Major roads in Metro Manila}}
-->
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Nlew8.jpg|450px|thumb|right|The [[North Luzon Expressway]], one of the major roads out of Metro Manila]] --><!--
The metropolis has an extensive system of highways connecting the various cities and municipalities. The major roads include ten radial roads, which branch out from central [[Manila]] and five circumferential roads which form a series of concentric semi-circular arcs around downtown Manila. Most of these roads are very important transportation arteries. One is the C-4 (Circumferential Road 4), also called [[EDSA|Epifanio de los Santos Avenue]] or more popularly as EDSA. It is the major thoroughfare in Metro Manila connecting five cities in Metro Manila, namely Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City, and Caloocan. Some other important roads are R-1 (Radial Road 1) ([[Roxas Boulevard]] and [[Manila-Cavite Expressway]]) connecting to [[Cavite]] province in the southwest; R-3 or the [[South Luzon Expressway]] (SLEX) connecting to [[Laguna province]] in the southeast; R-6 (Aurora Boulevard and Marcos Highway) connecting to [[Rizal]] province in the east; and R-8 or the [[North Luzon Expressway]] (NLEX) connecting to [[Bulacan]] province in the north. One of its newest roads, the [[Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard]], running on the [[Land reclamation|reclamation area]] parallel to R-1, is one of the destinations of Manila's elite.

Metro Manila is notorious for its traffic jams. A trip that should take 20 minutes will last an hour or more especially during rush hour. Consequently, the [[Metro Manila Development Authority]] (see section below) has constructed many projects to decongest traffic. 
[[Image:Edsa4.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Evening rush hour in [[EDSA]] with the MRT in the middle]]
Such projects of the MMDA for motorists are the construction of [[flyover]]s (elevated roads), [[Road junction|interchanges]], ''loading bays'' for Public Utility Vehicles (PUVs), ''emergency bays'', and ''U-Turn slots'' over various intersections and thoroughfares, and the completion of the comprehensive railway system (see below). It has also been engaged in road widening with the support of the Department of Public Works and Highways. MMDA has also utilized projects for the pedestrians such as the installation of footbridges, waiting sheds, and men's urinals to various roads in the metropolis. The agency has also implemented various schemes for motorists such as the Uniform Vehicular Volume Reduction Scheme (UVRRS), more popularly known as "color coding", where vehicles whose plate numbers end in different digits are banned from traveling on different days, the Yellow Lane scheme, where yellow-plated PUBs (Public Utility Buses) will only use the two outermost lanes in EDSA, and the Organized Bus Route (OBR) for Metro Manila.

===Railways===
[[Image:megatren.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Almost all of the rail lines in Metro Manila are elevated such as this LRT 2 (Purple Line) Train passing along its tracks.]] 

{{main|Strong Republic Transit System|Manila Light Rail Transit System|Manila Metro Rail Transit System|Philippine National Railways}}

[[As of 2005]], there are two different [[rapid transit]] systems in Metro Manila: the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]], or the LRT, and the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]], or the MRT.  The [[Manila LRT Yellow Line|Yellow Line]] (LRT-1) and the [[Manila LRT Purple Line|Purple Line]] (LRT-2) form the LRT network, while the Blue Line (MRT-3) forms the MRT network, with [[List of Strong Republic Transit System stations#List of LRT stations|29 stations]] on the LRT and [[List of Strong Republic Transit System stations#List of MRT stations|13 stations]] on the MRT .  Four more lines are [[Manila Light Rail Transit System#Future expansion|proposed]] and would connect Metro Manila to the provinces of [[Bulacan]], [[Cavite]], [[Laguna province|Laguna]] and [[Rizal]] upon their completion.

[[Philippine National Railways]] also operates two main-line railway lines within Metro Manila, all part of the once-flourshing Luzon railway system.  The northern line, known as Northrail and connecting [[Manila]] to [[Caloocan City]], is currently closed.  Line extensions are proposed to [[Valenzuela City]] and further on to Bulacan and [[Pampanga]].  The trans-Metro Manila portion of the still-open southern line, known as Southrail, commences at Tutuban station in [[Tondo, Manila]], passes through the cities of Manila, [[Makati City|Makati]], [[Taguig City|Taguig]], [[Parañaque City|Parañaque]] and [[Las Piñas City|Las Piñas]], and ends in Barangay Buli, [[Muntinlupa City]], before entering the province of Laguna.

===Airports===
The country's main slavestation is the [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] (NAIA) which straddles the boundary between [[Parañaque City]] and [[Pasay City]]. It presently consists of two terminals, while a third one will open soon. There is also a separate domestic terminal.  There are two main runways and the hangar of [[Philippine Airlines]] is located near the [[Villamor Air Base]].
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There are four airport terminals in Metro Manila, all of which are located in Parañaque City, 9 kilometers south of the City of Manila.

*'''NAIA-1''': NAIA-1 is the original terminal and was constructed in 1981. The 67,000 square meter terminal was designed by Filipino architect Leandro V. Locsin and has a design capacity of 4.5 million passengers per year. It currently serves all non-Philippine Airlines international flights. The terminal has reached capacity in 1991 and has been over capacity ever since.
*'''NAIA-2''': NAIA-2 terminal was finished in 1998 and is named the Centennial Terminal since 1998 was the centennial year of the declaration of Philippine independence. The 75,000 square meter terminal was originally designed by Aéroports de Paris to be a domestic terminal, but the design was later modified to accommodate international flights. It has a capacity of 2.5 million passengers per year in its international wing and 5 million in its domestic wing, which later will expand to nine million passengers yearly. Terminal 2 is the home of Philippine Airlines and Air Philippines and is used for both its domestic and international flights since it has the most flights out of the NAIA terminals.
*'''NAIA-3''': NAIA-3 was approved for construction in 1997 and is nearly complete. The modern US$500 million, 189,000 square meter facility was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) to have a capacity of 13 million passengers per year. However, a legal dispute between the government of the Philippines and the project's main contractor, PIATCO, over alleged anomalies in the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) contract, is holding completion and opening of the terminal. On December 2004, the Philippine Government took over the management of the facility through an order of the Pasay City Regional Trial Court (RTC). Manila International Airport Authority is due to announce its opening in the mid-2006.
*'''Domestic Airport''': The Domestic Airport was built on 1948 on the old Airport Road. It currently handles all domestic air traffic, excluding Philippine Airlines and Air Philippines. Currently, the terminal is composed of two single-story buildings and serves the domestic local carriers, which are Cebu Pacific, Asian Spirit, Southeast Asian Airlines (Seair), Laoag International Airlines and Interisland Airlines.

==Demographics==-->
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Ci_mla_cathedral.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Basilica Minore de la Nuestra Señora de la Inmaculada Concepción.]] --><!--
As of the [[census]] of 2000, there were 9,932,560 people and 2,132,989 households residing in Metro Manila. With a population density of 15,617/km², it is by far the most densely populated region of the Philippines. For the period 1995 to 2000, the annual population growth rate was 1.06 percent, lower than that of the 1990 to 1995 period (3.30 percent). If the current annual population growth rate of the metropolitan area continues, the population is expected to double in 65 years.

The most common language spoken in households is [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] (94.34%). [[English language|English]] is widely understood.

The large majority of the population of Metro Manila is [[Roman Catholic]] (89.10%). Other religions include [[Iglesia ni Cristo]] (2.89%), [[Evangelicalism]] (1.64%), and Islam (0.60%).<ref name="2000census">[http://www.census.gov.ph/data/pressrelease/2003/pr0312tx.html National Capital Region: Close to 10 million persons], National Statistics Office.</ref>

==Education==

Metro Manila is home to several noteworthy Philippine higher educational institutions such as [[Adamson University]], [[Arellano University]], [[Ateneo de Manila University]], [[Assumption College]], [[Centro Escolar University]], the [[Colegio de San Juan de Letran]], [[De La Salle University-Manila]], [[De La Salle-Araneta University]], [[De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde]], [[Far Eastern University]], [[FEATI University]], [[Immaculate Conception Academy]], [[Lyceum of the Philippines University]], [[Mapua Institute of Technology]], [[Miriam College]],  the [[Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila]], [[Philippine Normal University]], [[Philippine Women's University]], [[Polytechnic University of the Philippines]], [[San Beda College]], [[St. Paul University Manila]], [[Saint Pedro Poveda College]], the [[University of Asia and the Pacific]], the [[University of the East]], [[University of Manila]], the [[University of the Philippines]] in [[University of the Philippines, Diliman|Diliman]] and [[University of the Philippines, Manila|Manila]], and the [[University of Santo Tomas]].

Metro Manila is also home to numerous public and private basic education institutions, science high schools, and international schools. 

Every year, thousands of students from the various countries of Asia, such as China, Japan, Korea, Iran and Vietnam, and even from Europe go to the Philippines to study.

==Police and security==-->
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Police structure in the Philippines is centralized and its command center is located in Camp Rafael Crame in Santolan, Quezon City. Metro Manila is divided into 5 police districts namely Central (Quezon City), Western (City of Manila), Eastern (Mandaluyong, Pasig, Marikina, San Juan), Northern (Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela) and Southern (Makati, Muntinlupa, Las Piñas, Parañaque, Taguig and Pateros). 
The Armed Forces of the Philippines' command headquarters is located in Camp Emilio Aguinaldo in Murphy, Quezon City. Metro Manila is the National Capital Region Command created by President [[Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo]] to defend the metropolis from insurgents and terrorist groups. Philippine Army headquarters is located in Fort Bonifacio in Taguig City. Philippine Air Force headquarters is located in Villamor Airbase in Pasay City. Philippine Navy headquarters was once located in Roxas Boulevard in Manila until its transfer by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo to [[Zamboanga City]].

==Public utilities==
===Electricity===
Metro Manila's electricity is generated by the state-owned National Power Corporation (Napocor) and other independent power producers across the island of [[Luzon]]. It is transmitted by the state-owned National Transmission Corporation (TransCo) through high tension wires. It is stored and distributed by the [[Manila Electric Company]] (Meralco), the only company allowed to distribute electricity to the metropolis.

===Water===
Metro Manila's tap water is sourced from the Angat Dam in [[Norzagaray]], [[Bulacan]]. It is stored in the Novaliches Reservoir and filtered in the La Mesa Dam, both in northeast Quezon City. Metro Manila's water distribution and sewerage system used to be managed by the Metropolitan Water and Sewerage System (MWSS), a state-owned company. In 1997, MWSS awarded concessionare licenses to two private corporations. 
Metro Manila was sliced into two distribution areas. 
* '''Maynilad Water Services Inc. (MWSI)'''. It is currently majority-owned by the MWSS, which took it over from Benpres Holdings Company, which also controls MERALCO. It operates in western Quezon City, southern Caloocan City, Manila (excludes Downtown), Valenzuela City, Malabon City, Navotas, Pasay City, Parañaque City, Las Piñas City, and western Muntinlupa City. MWSS is currently bidding out its shares in MWSI and expects to conclude the bidding before the end of the year.
* '''Manila Water Company (MWC)'''. It is owned by the Ayala Corporation, which also controls Globe Telecoms. It operates in eastern Quezon City, northern Caloocan City, downtown Manila, Marikina City, Pasig City, Taguig City, Pateros, Makati City, Mandaluyong City, San Juan, and eastern Muntinlupa City.

===Communications===
Since 1925, the [[Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company]] ([[PLDT]]) was the Philippines' only phone carrier. With the passage of the National Telecommunications Act of 1995, the Philippine [[National Telecommunications Commission]] (NTC) granted licenses to new and independent companies to install new phones across the Philippines. The NTC granted 3 new licenses for Metro Manila. 
* '''[[Bayan Telecommunications|Bayantel]]/ Benpres''' - Northern Metro Manila (Quezon City, northern Caloocan City, Malabon City, Navotas, Valenzuela City, Marikina City, northeastern Manila, and the Ortigas Center in Pasig City)
* '''[[Globe Telecom|Globelines/ Innove]]''' - Southern Metro Manila (Makati City, Mandaluyong City, Muntinlupa City, Pasay City, Las Piñas City, Parañaque City, Taguig City, Pateros, San Juan, and Pasig City excluding the Ortigas Center)
* '''[[Eastern Telecoms]]''' - Western Metro Manila  (Southern Caloocan City and Manila, excluding the northeast part)

==Metropolitan Manila Development Authority==

The [[Metropolitan Manila Development Authority]] (MMDA) is the administrative body in charge of the metropolis' development, and solving perennial problems such as traffic management, flood control, garbage disposal and sewage maintenace. It closely coordinates with various other organizations such as the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC) and the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), as well as the local government units of the component cities and municipalities. Its agency's head is appointed by the president, which is now presided by Chairman [[Bayani Fernando]].

It is a member of [[Asian Network of Major Cities 21]].

==See also==
* [[Seals of Metro Manila]]
* [[Mega Manila]]
* [[Metro Cebu]]
* [[List of shopping malls in the Philippines]]

==References==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
</div>

==External links==
* [http://www.yellowasp.com/makatimap/ Makati Map]: An interactive flash map of Makati, street-finder and key locations.
* [http://www.kabeet.com Kabeet.com]: An online directory, map atlas and search portal for Metro Manila.
* [http://www.clickthecity.com ClickTheCity.com]: An entertainment guide and directory for Metro Manila.
* [http://www.mmda.gov.ph Metro Manila Development Authority]
* [http://www.bfhomes.net/metro_manila_map.htm Metro Manila Street Map]
* [http://www.metrography.net Manila Metrography (MMG)]

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{{Metro Manila}}
{{Luzon lateral}} 
{{Rehiyon han Pilipinas}}

[[Kaarangay:Metro Manila| ]]
[[Kaarangay:Metropolitano nga mga kahaluag han Pilipinas|Manila]]
[[Kaarangay:Rehiyon han Pilipinas]]
Mga batakan nga gingamit dinhi nga pakli:
Balik ngadto ha Metropolitano nga Manila.
Ginkuha tikang ha "https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitano_nga_Manila"