Tazama chanzo cha Waraka kwa Waroma

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[[File:Codex Alexandrinus 088a - Ro 1,1 ff.jpg|thumb|Mwanzo wa waraka huu katika [[Codex Alexandrinus]].]]
{{Agano Jipya}}
'''Waraka kwa Waroma''' ni [[kitabu]] kimojawapo cha [[Agano Jipya]] katika [[Biblia ya Kikristo]]. Andiko hili ni [[barua]] ya [[Paulo wa Tarso]] kwa [[ushirika]] wa [[Wakristo]] katika [[mji mkuu]] wa [[Dola la Roma]].

Kama vitabu vingine vyote vya [[Biblia]], hiki pia kinatakiwa kisomwe katika mfululizo wa [[historia ya wokovu]] ili kukielewa kadiri ya [[maendeleo]] ya [[ufunuo]] wa [[Mungu]] kwa [[binadamu]].

==Umuhimu wake==
Kati ya [[maandiko]] matakatifu ya [[Agano Jipya]] na ya [[Biblia]] kwa jumla, barua ya [[Mtume Paulo]] kwa [[Wakristo]] wa [[Roma]] ina umuhimu wa pekee uliokusudiwa naye mwenyewe.

==Mazingira==
Paulo alikaa [[Efeso]] karibu miaka mitatu, lakini [[moyo]] wake wa [[umisionari|kimisionari]] haukutulia kwa sababu alikumbuka alivyotabiriwa atafanya [[kazi]] hata mbali zaidi. Ndiyo maana alitaka kwenda [[Ulaya magharibi]], yaani [[Roma]] na halafu [[Hispania]], [[nchi]] iliyohesabika kuwa mwisho wa [[dunia]]. Ila kabla ya kwenda huko alipanga kuwaletea Wakristo wa [[Yerusalemu]] mchango wa wenzao wa mataifa.

Basi, mwishoni mwa miezi mitatu aliyokaa [[Korintho]] ([[Mdo]] 20:2-3) akijiandaa kupanda [[meli]], yaani mwanzoni mwa [[mwaka]] [[58]], Paulo aliwaandikia Wakristo wa Roma ili kuandaa [[utume]] atakaoufanya katika [[jiji]] hilo. 

Huko [[Ukristo]] uliingia toka mwanzo kabisa, ukiletwa na baadhi ya [[Wayahudi]] wengi walioishi Roma ambao [[ubatizo|walibatizwa]] [[Yerusalemu]] kwenye [[Pentekoste]] ya mwaka [[30]] (Mdo 2:1-12). 

Wayahudi wote walipofukuzwa na [[Kaisari Klaudio]] ([[49]]), Wakristo wa [[mataifa]] mengine wakabaki ndio wengi, nao wakaachana na masharti mbalimbali za dini ya [[Uyahudi|Kiyahudi]], kama yale kuhusu [[vyakula]]. 

[[Muda]] mfupi baada ya Klaudio kufa ([[54]]), Wayahudi walianza kurudi, kumbe wale ambao kati yao walikuwa wamemuamini [[Yesu]] wakakuta mabadiliko hayo makubwa ndani ya [[Kanisa]], nao wakajiona wamewekwa pembeni kidogo, kama si kudharauliwa na Wakristo wa mataifa.

Mtume Paulo akijua [[umuhimu]] wa Roma, [[mji mkuu]] wa [[ulimwengu]] wa zamani hizo, aliwaandikia Wakristo wa huko [[barua]] ndefu tena nzito kuliko zote. Alitaka kuwaeleza kwa maandishi ya mpango mafundisho yake kuhusu [[wokovu]], kwa sababu walikuwa wamesikia habari tofautitofauti juu yake bila ya kukutana naye. 

Pamoja na kuwaandaa hivyo wampokee vizuri, alichukua nafasi ya kuimarisha [[umoja]] wao ulioingia [[dosari]]. 

Akiandika kwa [[utulivu]] mkubwa kuhusu mambo aliyokwishawaongelea kwa [[hasira]] [[Wagalatia]], Paulo aliweza kuinua pande zote [[mbili]] za [[Kanisa]] hilo zielewe zaidi [[fumbo]] la mpango wa [[Mungu]] kwa ajili ya [[watu]] wote, na hivyo ziheshimiane kwa [[upendo]], ulio [[utimilifu]] wa [[Torati]]. 

Hasa aliwaonya Wakristo wa mataifa wasidharau [[Wayahudi]], kwa sababu hao bado ni wateule wa Mungu. 

==Mpangilio na mada==
Ingawa haina mafundisho yote ya Paulo, barua hii imechangia [[teolojia]] ya Kikristo kwa kiasi kikubwa, hasa upande wa [[ukristo wa magharibi|magharibi]]. 

Kwa namna ya pekee inajibu kinaganaga maswali kuhusu [[wokovu]]: unapatikana kwa njia gani? Kwa nini Wayahudi wengi walishindwa kumuamini [[Yesu]] ili kuupata? Kwa nini mataifa yameupokea badala yao? Aliyepata wokovu anaishi vipi? Je, Wayahudi wametupwa moja kwa moja?

Ndiyo sehemu kuu ya barua (Rom 1:16-32; 2:1-29; 3:9-20; 3:21-31; 4:1-8; 4:23-25; 5:1-21; 6:1-14; 7:7-25; 8:1-39; 9:1-5; 11:1-36), ambayo inafuata [[salamu]] (1:1-8) na [[shukrani]].

Paulo alisisitiza kwamba wote ni wakosefu na wanaweza kuokolewa na Mungu tu: hiyo ni [[neema]] tupu, maana hakuna anayeweza kuistahili kwa [[juhudi]] zake. 

Neema hiyo tunaipata kwa kumuamini [[Yesu]] ambaye [[Kifo cha Yesu|alikufa]] [[Ufufuko wa Yesu|akafufuka]] kwa ajili yetu ili sisi tuishi upya kwa ajili yake tukiongozwa na [[Roho Mtakatifu]]. 

Chini yake Mkristo atafanya mema mengi na makubwa kuliko yale yanayodaiwa na Torati, ambayo ni njema lakini haitutii [[nguvu]] ya kuitekeleza. 

Upande wa mataifa, toka mwanzo Mungu aliwapa [[mwongozo]] mwingine wa maisha, yaani [[dhamiri]]. 

Hata hivyo pande zote mbili zilishindwa kufaidika na miongozo hiyo wakahitaji [[msaada]] bora zaidi ili kumpendeza Mungu.

[[Uadilifu]] sasa unapatikana kwa [[imani]] na [[ubatizo]] katika [[Kifo cha Yesu|kifo]] na [[ufufuko wa Yesu]]. 

Hiyo [[njia]] mpya ya Mungu kuwaokoa watu wote haiendi kinyume cha [[ahadi]] zake kwa [[Israeli ya Kale]]. Paulo anathibitisha hilo kwa hatua nne akitumia madondoo mengi ya [[Agano la Kale]]. Hamzungumzii Myahudi mmojammoja, bali wote jumla; wala hazungumzii [[jukumu]] lao kuhusu kifo cha Yesu.

[[Maadili]] mema yatafuata kama [[matunda]], na Paulo, kama kawaida ya Wakristo wa kwanza, baada ya [[ujumbe]] au fundisho la [[imani]], anayaeleza hasa katika sehemu ya pili ambayo ina [[mawaidha]] mbalimbali (Rom 12:1-2,9-21; 13:8-14), yakifuatwa na [[taarifa]], [[salamu]] na [[doksolojia]]. 

Kwa kuwa Paulo hakuwafahamu vizuri Wakristo wa Roma, maneno yake ni ya jumla na si ya kinaganaga. Hasa ni kwamba madai ya [[Torati]] hayawezi kuongoza mwenendo wa Mkristo, lakini huyo anatakiwa kuzingatia anavyodaiwa hasa [[upendo]] kwa wote. 

[[Maisha]] ya Mkristo yawe [[ibada]] kwa [[Mungu]] katika [[Roho Mtakatifu]]. [[Umoja wa Kanisa]] unamdai ajitahidi kushinda mabaya kwa mema. Kila [[kiungo]] cha [[mwili]] huo mmoja anadaiwa [[juhudi]] kwa ajili ya [[ustawi wa wote]] ili maisha yawe [[sadaka]] kwa Mungu. 

Akigusa zaidi maisha ya [[Kanisa la Roma]] ya wakati huo, yaliyovurugwa na masuala madogomadogo kuhusu vyakula na [[sikukuu]], Paulo alidai wenye nguvu watekeleze upendo kwa walio dhaifu zaidi, pamoja na [[busara]], uelewa, mfano wa [[Yesu]] na [[uaminifu]] kwake. 

Maelekezo hayo yanaweza kusaidia daima kukabili mvutano wowote kati ya wenye mitazamo tofauti (finyu na mpana, au wa kizamani na wa kisasa zaidi). Lengo ni ule [[umoja]] uliofundishwa katika [[sura]] [[nane]] za kwanza.

==Marejeo==
* {{cite book | author = Bruce, F. F. |authorlink= F. F. Bruce | year = 1983 | title = The Epistle of Paul to the Romans: An Introduction and Commentary |series= [[Tyndale New Testament Commentaries]] | publisher = Inter-Varsity Press |location= Leicester, England | isbn = 0851118550}}
* {{cite book | author = Dunn, J. D. G. | year = 1988b | title = Romans 9–16 |series= Word Bible Commentary | publisher = Word Books, Publisher |location= Dallas, Texas |isbn = }}
* {{cite book |last= Fitzmyer |first= J. A. |authorlink= Joseph Fitzmyer |title= Romans |series= Anchor Bible Commentary |year= 1992 |publisher= Doubleday |location= New York |isbn= }}
* {{cite book | author = Dunn, J. D. G. |authorlink= James Dunn (theologian) | year = 1988a | title = Romans 1–8 |series= Word Bible Commentary | publisher = Word Books, Publisher |location= Dallas, Texas | isbn = }}
* Rutherford, Graeme (1993). ''The Heart of Christianity: Romans [chapters] 1 to 8''. Second ed. Oxford, Eng.: Bible Reading Fellowship. 248 p. ISBN 0-7459-2810-2
* {{cite book | author = Stuhlmacher, Peter | year = 1994 | title = Paul's Letter to the Romans: A Commentary | url = https://archive.org/details/paulslettertorom0000stuh | publisher = John Knox Press |location= Westminster | isbn = 0-664-25287-7}}

==Viungo vya nje==
===Tafsiri ya Kiswahili===
* [http://www.intratext.com/IXT/SWA0013/_INDEX.HTM] Agano Jipya kwa lugha ya Kiswahili.

===Tafsiri nyingine===
* [http://www.biblegateway.com "Bible Gateway 35 languages/50 versions"]
* [http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/romans.html "Epistle to the Romans" – Early Christian Writings]
* [http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Romans+1 "Online Bible" – gospelhall.org]
* [http://www.christnotes.org/bible.php?q=Romans "Romans, Online Bible" – ChristNotes.org]
* [http://unbound.biola.edu "Unbound Bible 100 + languages/versions" – Biola University]
* [http://xn-----7kcagabcx1bboelivelc9a1ae5h2keg.xn--p1ai/63_poslanie_k_rimlyanam_svyatogo_apostola_pavla.docs.htm Epistle to the Romans] {{Wayback|url=http://xn-----7kcagabcx1bboelivelc9a1ae5h2keg.xn--p1ai/63_poslanie_k_rimlyanam_svyatogo_apostola_pavla.docs.htm |date=20120801161444 }}

===Ufafanuzi===
* [http://www.vts.edu/ftpimages/95/download/download_group10628_id314975.pdf A Brief Introduction to Romans] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vts.edu/ftpimages/95/download/download_group10628_id314975.pdf |date=20160305005622 }}
* [http://www.christians.eu/understanding-romans-7/ Understanding Romans 7 – www.christians.eu]
* [http://wesley.nnu.edu/wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/16-20/16-04.htm A Wesleyan Interpretation of Romans 5–8 – Jerry McCant] {{Wayback|url=http://wesley.nnu.edu/wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/16-20/16-04.htm |date=20050526100114 }}
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13156a.htm Epistle to the Romans – Catholic Encyclopedia]
* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/calcom38.toc.html John Calvin on Romans]
* [http://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/eastons-bible-dictionary/the-romans-epistle-to.html Easton's Bible Dictionary on Romans, Epistle to the] on BibleStudyTools.com
* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/henry/mhc6.vi_1.i.html Matthew Henry on Romans]
* [http://www.chbcaudio.org/1999/09/19/justification-the-message-of-romans/ Romans Overview, by Mark Dever] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chbcaudio.org/1999/09/19/justification-the-message-of-romans/ |date=20080626081628 }}
* [http://www.smashwords.com/books/view/349879 Reading Through Romans, by Michael Morrison]
* [http://www.desiringgod.org/ResourceLibrary/Sermons/BySeries/2/ Romans the Greatest Letter Ever Written: John Piper]
* [http://www.whataboutjesus.com/new-testament/romans Book by Book: Romans] {{Wayback|url=http://www.whataboutjesus.com/new-testament/romans |date=20150910132859 }}, by [[Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod|WELS]]-WhatAboutJesus.com
{{mbegu-AganoJ}}
[[Category:Vitabu vya Agano Jipya|Rom]]
[[Jamii:Mtume Paulo]]
[[Jamii:Roma]]
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