Bramble

Bramble Temporal range: Eocene–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Rubus bush with ripe and unripe blackberries
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Rosales
Family:	Rosaceae
Subfamily:	Rosoideae
Tribe:	Rubeae
Genus:	Rubus L.[1]
Type species
Rubus fruticosus L.[2]
Synonyms[3]
List Ametron Raf. Ampomele Raf. Batidaea (Dumort.) Greene Bossekia Neck. ex Greene Calyctenium Greene Cardiobatus Greene Chamaemorus Hill Comarobatia Greene Cumbata Raf. Cylactis Raf. Dalibarda Kalm Dyctisperma Raf. Idaeobatus (Focke) Börner Manteia Raf. Melanobatus Greene Oligacis Raf. Oreobatus Rydb. Parmena Greene Psychrobatia Greene Rubacer Rydb. Selnorition Raf.

Rubus, commonly known as brambles is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, with over 1,350 species.^[3][4][5]

Raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries are common. Bristleberries are endemic to North America. Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles. Gland-tipped hairs are also common. The term "cane fruit" or "cane berry" applies to any Rubus species or hybrid. They are commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes This includes hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry.^[6] The stems of these plants are referred to as canes.

Bramble bushes typically grow as shrubs (though a few are herbaceous), with their stems being typically covered in sharp prickles.^[7] They grow long, arching shoots that readily form roots when they contact with soil. ^[8] New shoots grow in the spring from this rootstock.^[9] The leaves are either evergreen or deciduous, and simple, lobed, or compound.^[7] The shoots typically do not flower or set fruit until the second year of growth (i.e. they are biennial).^[9] The rootstock is perennial.^[10] Most species are hermaphrodites with male and female parts being present on the same flower.^[7] Bramble fruits are aggregate fruits formed from smaller units called drupelets.^[9]

Around 60-70% of species of Rubus are polyploid (having more than two pairs of each chromosome), with species ranging in ploidy from diploid (2x, with 14 chromosomes^[11]) to tetradecaploid (14x).^[12]