Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australian Indian Ocean Territory External territory of Australia
Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands Pulu Kokos (Keeling)  (Cocos Islands Malay) Wilayah Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling)  (Malay)
Flag
Motto:  "Maju Pulu Kita" (Cocos Islands Malay) (English: "Onward our island")
Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (circled in red)
Sovereign state	Australia
Annexed by the United Kingdom	1857
Transferred from Singapore to Australia	23 November 1955
Capital	West Island 12°11′13″S 96°49′42″E / 12.18694°S 96.82833°E / -12.18694; 96.82833
Largest village	Bantam (Home Island)
Official languages	None
Spoken languages	Malay English[a]
Government	Directly administered dependency
• Monarch	Charles III
• Governor-General	David Hurley
• Administrator	Natasha Griggs
• Shire President	Seri Wati Iku
Area
• Total	14 km2 (5.4 sq mi)
• Water (%)	0
Highest elevation	5 m (16 ft)
Population
• 2016 census	544 (not ranked)
• Density	43/km2 (111.4/sq mi) (not ranked)
Currency	Australian dollar (AUD)
Time zone	UTC+06:30
Calling code	+61 891
Postcode	WA 6799
ISO 3166 code	CC
Internet TLD	.cc

The Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Cocos Islands Malay: Pulu Kokos (Keeling)) is a territory of Australia. There are two atolls and twenty-seven coral islands in the group. The islands are in the Indian Ocean, about one-half of the way from Australia to Sri Lanka.

Captain William Keeling was the first European to see the islands, in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the nineteenth century, when they became a possession of the Clunies-Ross Family. Slaves were brought to work the coconut plantation from Indonesia, the Cape of Good Hope and East Asia by Alexander Hare who had taken part in Stamford Raffles' takeover of Java in 1811. A Scottish merchant seaman called Captain John Clunies-Ross, who had also served under Raffles in the takeover, set up a compound and Hare's severely mistreated slaves soon escaped to work under better conditions for Clunies-Ross.

On November 23 1955, the islands were transferred to Australian control under the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955. In the 1970s, Australian government dissatisfaction with the Clunies-Ross feudal style of rule of the island increased. In 1978, Australia forced the family to sell the islands for the sum of AU$6,250,000, using the threat of compulsory purchase. By agreement the family retained ownership of Oceania House, their home on the island. However, in 1983 the Australian government moved to dishonour this agreement, and told the former last ruler, John Clunies-Ross, that he should leave the Cocos. The following year the High Court of Australia ruled that the government could not buy Oceania House. Instead the Australian government ordered that no government business was to be given to his shipping company, an action which contributed to his bankruptcy. John Clunies-Ross lives in exile in Perth, Australia, but his successors still live on the Cocos.

In 2004 there were 629 people living on the Cocos (Keeling) islands. There are about 120 Europeans on West Island and 500 Malays on Home Island. A Cocos dialect of Malay and English are the main languages spoken and 80% of Cocos Islanders are Sunni Muslim. India does not recognise Anglo annexation of these Cultural Indo-Indian/Indies islands as part of Australia and disputes its status to counterbalance regional hegemonic sea power.

The capital of the Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands is West Island while the largest settlement is the village of Bantam (Home Island). Governance of the islands is based on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955 ^[1][2]

• Atoll Research Bulletin vol. 403 Archived 2006-09-12 at the Wayback Machine
• Cocos (Keeling) Islands Tourism website Archived 2018-11-11 at the Wayback Machine
• Cocos (Keeling) Islands Archived 2018-12-24 at the Wayback Machine entry from the CIA World Factbook
• Shire of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
• Noel Crusz, The Cocos Islands mutiny, Reviewed by: Peter Stanley, Principal Historian, Australian War Memorial Archived 2001-09-11 at the Wayback Machine
• History of Cocos (Keeling) Islands Archived 2012-09-25 at the Wayback Machine
• Areas of individual islets Archived 2006-09-13 at the Wayback Machine
• The man who lost a 'coral kingdom'

Notes

1. ↑ English does not have de jure status on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and in Australia, but it is the de facto language of communication in government.

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