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{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict    = Wakarusa War
| image       =
| image_size  = 
| caption     = 
| partof      = [[Bleeding Kansas]]
| date        = November{{en dash}}December 1855
| place       = [[Douglas County, Kansas]]
| result      = Stalemate
| combatant1  = [[Free-Stater (Kansas)|Free-State]] [[Abolitionism in the United States|abolitionists]]
| combatant2  = [[Slave State|Pro-slavery settlers]]
| commander1  = [[Charles L. Robinson]]<br>[[James H. Lane (politician)|James Lane]]<br>[[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]]
| commander2  = [[Samuel J. Jones]]<br>[[David Rice Atchison]]
| strength1   = 800
| strength2   = 1500
| casualties1 = 2 dead
| casualties2 = 
| campaignbox = 
{{Campaignbox Bleeding Kansas}}
}}
The '''Wakarusa War''' was a [[Skirmisher|skirmish]] that happened in [[Kansas Territory]]. It started on November 21st, and it ended on December 8th, 1885.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/wakarusa-war|title=Wakarusa War|website=Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865|language=en|access-date=2018-11-16}}</ref> It was part of the [[Bleeding Kansas]] violence. It happened mostly in [[Lawrence, Kansas|Lawrence]] and the [[Wakarusa River]] Valley.

== Summary ==
The events that led to the Wakarusa War started on November 21, 1855.  A [[Free-Stater (Kansas)|Free-Stater]] named [[Charles W. Dow|Charles Dow]] was shot and killed by pro-[[slavery]] settler Franklin N. Coleman.<ref>Frank Wilson Blackmar,''Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History'', Volume 2 (Standard Publishing Company, 1912), p. 855</ref> The two had been involved in a land [[wikt:dispute|dispute]] at a place called Hickory Point, south of Lawrence.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.civilwaronthewesternborder.org/content/wakarusa-war |title=Wakarusa War |author=Tony R. Mullis |publisher=Civil War on the Western Border |access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> Four hours after the shooting the [[property]] [[ownership|owner]], Jacob Branson, recovered Dow’s body. [[Abolitionism|Abolitionists]] then set fire to several pro-slavery cabins. When the (pro-slavery) Douglas County [[Sheriff]], Samuel Jones, learned about what happened at Hickory Point, he led a [[posse]] to the area to restore order.<ref name=RanneyLJW>{{cite web |url=http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2005/dec/04/war_along_wakarusa_150_years_later/ |title=The war along the Wakarusa, 150 years later |author=Dave Ranney |date=4 December 2005 |publisher=Lawrence Journal-World |access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> But Jones did not arrest Coleman. Instead, he arrested the property owner (and abolitionist leader) Jacob Branson.<ref name=RanneyLJW/> But while taking Branson to [[jail]], an abolitionist party stopped them and freed Branson.<ref name=RanneyLJW/> The Sheriff then assembled about 1,500 [[Missouri]] [[Border Ruffian]]s to put down what he called an [[rebellion|insurrection]].<ref name=RanneyLJW/> The Missourians camped along the Wakarusa River while they made plans to invade Lawrence.<ref name=RanneyLJW/>

== Siege ==
Before coming to Lawrence, the bushwhackers had broken into the [[United States]] [[Arsenal]] at [[Liberty, Missouri]], and stolen [[gun]]s, [[sword]]s, a [[cannon]] and [[ammunition]].<ref name=RanneyLJW/> In Lawrence, [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]] and [[James Henry Lane (Indiana and Kansas)|James Lane]] had mustered Free-State settlers into a defending army and erected [[barricade]]s. No attack on Lawrence was made. It was the first time armies from Missouri and Kansas faced each other. It was demanded free-staters obey the laws and give up their weapons.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://civilwarmissouri.blogspot.com/2008/01/wakarusa-war.html|title=the Wakarusa War|date=21 January 2008|publisher=Civil War Missouri|access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> But they replied they had broken no [[law]]s and had the [[Second Amendment to the United States Constitution|right to bear arms]]. The only fatal [[casualty (person)|casualty]] occurring during the siege was of a Free-State man named Thomas Barber. On December 6, 1855 he was shot and killed by George W. Clark, the Indian agent, on a road four miles outside of Lawrence.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/thomas-w-barber/11730|title=Thomas W. Barber |publisher=Kansas Historical Society |access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> 

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Other websites ==
* [http://www.kancoll.org/books/cutler/ History of the State of Kansas by William G. Cutler (1883)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120512061914/http://skyways.lib.ks.us/genweb/archives/1912/w/wakarusa_war.html 1912 article on Wakarusa War]
* [http://www.bartleby.com/372/286.html "Burial of Barber"] at Bartleby.com

[[Category:Bleeding Kansas]]
[[Category:1850s in Kansas]]
[[Category:1855]]
[[Category:Lawrence, Kansas]]

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