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{{About|the late 18th- to early 19th-century American political party|similarly named parties|Federal Party (disambiguation){{!}}Federal Party}}
{{use American English|date=September 2019}}
{{use mdy dates|date=April 2016}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Federalist Party{{cref|a}}
| logo = [[File:Federalist Cockade.svg|Federalist Cockade|105px]]
| colorcode = {{party color|Federalist Party}}
| lang1 = Other
| name_lang1 = Federalists
| leader = [[Alexander Hamilton]] (1789–1792)<br>[[John Jay]] (1792–1795)<br>[[John Adams]] (1795–1802)<br>{{nowrap|[[Charles Cotesworth Pinckney|Charles C. Pinckney]] (1802–1806)}}<br>[[DeWitt Clinton]] (1806–1813)<br>[[Rufus King]] (1813–1824)
| founder = [[Alexander Hamilton]]
| foundation = {{circa}} 1789
| dissolution = {{circa}} 1824
| predecessor = [[Anti-Administration party|Pro-Administration party]]<ref>Chambers, William Nisbet, ed. (1972). ''The First Party System''.</ref>
| successor = {{nowrap|[[National Republican Party]]}}
| headquarters = [[Washington D.C.]], [[U.S.]]
| wing1_title = Essays
| wing1 = ''[[The Federalist Papers]]''
| wing2_title = Newspaper
| wing2 = ''[[Gazette of the United States]]''<ref> Lora, Ronald (1999). ''The Conservative Press in Eighteenth-and Nineteenth-century America''. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 108. ISBN 0-313-31043-2.</ref>
| ideology = [[Hamiltonian economic program|Hamiltonianism]]<br>{{•}}[[Federalism in the United States#Federalism in the early Republic|Federalism]]<br>{{•}}[[Traditionalist conservatism in the United States|Conservatism]]<ref>Viereck, Peter (1956, 2006). ''Conservative Thinkers: From John Adams to Winston Churchill''. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. pp. 87–95.</ref><ref name="Diggins">{{cite book|last=Diggins|first=John P.|title=Up from Communism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMFu-JMNGQkC&pg=PA390|year=1994|publisher=Columbia University Press|page=390|isbn=9780231084895}}</ref><br>{{•}}[[Centralization]]<ref>The Federalists were supporters of the [[Federal Government]] and thus for a strong [[central government]].</ref><ref name="Michael"/><br>{{•}}[[Modernization theory|Modernization]]<br>{{•}}[[American School (economics)|American School]]<ref name="Michael">Lind, Michael (1997). ''Hamilton's Republic''. Free Press, Simon & Schuster. {{ISBN|0-684-83160-0}}.</ref><br>{{•}}[[Protectionism in the United States|Protectionism]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Northrup |first1=Cynthia Clark Northrup |title=Encyclopedia of Tariffs and Trade in U.S. History: The Encyclopedia, volume I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aPrlkDP3OzwC&dq=%22Federalist+Party%22+protectionist+tariffs&pg=PA323 |website=Chapters.indigo.ca |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |accessdate=15 March 2019|isbn=9780313319433 |year=2003 }}</ref><br>{{•}}[[Implied powers]]<ref>They implied powers into the united states.......[http://courses.pasleybrothers.com/texts/Jefferson_on_BUS.htm Against the Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States], Thomas Jefferson.</ref><br>{{•}}[[Jay Treaty|Pro-Jay Treaty]]<br>{{•}}[[American nationalism|Nationalism]]<ref name=Magness>{{cite journal |first=Phillip |last=Magness |title=Alexander Hamilton as Immigrant: Musical Mythology Meets Federalist Reality |url=http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_21_4_03_magness.pdf |journal=The Independent Review |volume=21 |issue=4 |year=2017 |pages=497–508, at 500 }}</ref>
| position = [[Right-wing politics|Right-wing]]<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/politicalmansoci00inlips|title=Political man: the social bases of politics|first=Seymour Martin|last=Lipset|publisher=[[Doubleday & Company]]|location=New York City, NY|date=1960|pages=34}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-bgaAQAAIAAJ|title=Liberalism Vs. Conservatism; Liberty Vs. Authority|first=C. William|last=Hushaw|publisher=W. C. Brown Book Company|location=Dubuque, IA|date=1964|pages=32}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first1=Allan|last1=Ornstein|title=Class Counts: Education, Inequality, and the Shrinking Middle Class|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8f8eAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA56|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|date=9 March 2007|isbn=9780742573727|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MXcCdlmwwecC&q=democratic+wing%2C+on+the+left|title=A Magnificent Catastrophe: The Tumultuous Election of 1800, America's First Presidential Campaign|last=Larson|first=Edward J.|authorlink=Edward J. Larson|year=2007|page=21|publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=9780743293174|quote=The divisions between Adams and Jefferson were exasperated by the more extreme views expressed by some of their partisans, particularly the High Federalists led by Hamilton on what was becoming known as the political right, and the democratic wing of the Republican Party on the left, associated with New York Governor George Clinton and Pennsylvania legislator Albert Gallatin, among others.}}</ref>
| colors = {{color box|#000000|border=darkgray}} [[Black]] and {{color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} [[white]]<ref>''Parades and the Politics of the Street: Festive Culture in the Early American Republic''. Simon P. Newman, p. 163.</ref><nowiki>}}</nowiki>
| religion = [[Congregationalism in the United States|Congregational church]]<ref>{{Cite journal |jstor = 2138662|title = Privatizing the Church: Disestablishment in Connecticut and Massachusetts|url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-political-economy_1994-04_102_2/page/277|journal = Journal of Political Economy|volume = 102|issue = 2|pages = 277–297|last1 = Olds|first1 = Kelly|year = 1994|doi = 10.1086/261932|s2cid = 154259901}}</ref>
| seats1_title = Senate ([[1798 and 1799 United States Senate elections|1799]])<br />{{small|([[6th United States Congress|6th U.S. Congress]])}}
| seats1 = {{composition bar|22|32|hex={{party color|Federalist Party}}}}
| seats2_title = House ([[1798 and 1799 United States House of Representatives elections|1799]])<br />{{small|([[6th United States Congress|6th U.S. Congress]])}}
| seats2 = {{composition bar|60|106|hex={{party color|Federalist Party}}}}
| footnotes = {{cnote|a|The Federalist Party appealed to businesses and to conservatives who favored a strong central government<br>{{nowrap|led by a vigorous executive branch, a strong commercial}}<br>economy, government-controlled banks, domestic manufacturing, strong military, and in world affairs preferred friendly relationships with Great Britain in opposition to the Revolutionary French Republic.}}
| country = United States
}}
[[File:Alexander Hamilton A17950.jpg|thumb|right|A portrait of Alexander Hamilton by John Trumbull, 1792.]]
The '''Federalist Party''' (or '''Federal Party''') was an American conservative [[political party]] from 1792 to 1816. The Federalists controlled the federal government until 1801. [[Alexander Hamilton]] formed the party during [[George Washington]]'s first term.  Hamilton  built a network of supporters for his financial policies.  Many supporters came from cities. These supporters grew into the Federalist Party, which wanted a [[Fiscal policy|fiscally]] sound and strong nationalistic government.

Hamilton and others published a number of newspaper essays in 1787 and 1788, which are known as [[Federalist Papers]] today. 

In 1789, with the start of the new government under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]], President George Washington appointed his former chief of staff, Alexander Hamilton, to the office of [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of the Treasury]]. Hamilton wanted a strong national government with financial credibility. 

By 1790, Hamilton started building a nationwide coalition. He and his network of [[treasury]] agents tried to link together friends of the government, especially merchants and bankers, in the new nation's dozen major cities. His attempts to manage politics in the national capital to get his plans through Congress, then, "brought strong responses across the country. In the process, what began as a capital faction soon assumed status as a national faction and then, finally, as the new Federalist party."<ref>Chambers, ''Parties in a New Nation,'' pp. 39–40.</ref> 

The party opposed the [[War of 1812]] and dwindled away after the war in 1816. 

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Other websites ==
* [http://dca.tufts.edu/features/aas A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725105911/http://dca.tufts.edu/features/aas |date=2008-07-25 }}

[[Category:Political parties in the United States]]
[[Category:1792 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:1810s disestablishments in the United States]]

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