See soorce fer Tuvalu

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{{Coord|8|31|15|S|179|11|55|E|display=title}}
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name = Tuvalu
|common_name = Tuvalu
|image_flag = Flag of Tuvalu.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg
|image_map = Tuvalu on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg
|national_motto = {{lang|tvl|"Tuvalu mo te Atua"}} {{smaller|([[Tuvaluan language|Tuvaluan]])<br />"Tuvalu for the Awmichty"}}
|national_anthem = {{lang|tvl|''[[Tuvalu mo te Atua]]''}} {{smaller|(Tuvaluan)<br />''Tuvalu for the Awmichty''}}
|royal_anthem = ''[[God Save the Queen]]''
|official_languages = {{hlist |[[:en:Tuvaluan language|Tuvaluan]] |[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]}}
|religion = [[Christianity]] ([[:en:Church of Tuvalu|Kirk o Tuvalu]])
|demonym = Tuvaluan
|ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 96% [[Polynesies|Polynesie]] | 4% [[Micronesie]] }}
|capital = [[:en:Funafuti|Funafuti]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|8|31|S|179|12|E|type:city}}
|largest_city =
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Non-partisan democracy|Non-partisan]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentar]]}} [[Representative democracy|democracy]] unner [[constitutional monarchy]]
|leader_title1 = [[:en:Monarchy of Tuvalu|Monarch]]
|leader_name1 = [[Charles III]]
|leader_title2 = [[:en:Govenor-General of Tuvalu|Govrenor-General]]
|leader_name2 = [[Tofiga Vaevalu Falani]]
|leader_title3 = [[:en:Prime Minister of Tuvalu|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name3 = [[:en:Feleti Teo|Feleti Teo]]
|legislature = [[:en:Parliament of Tuvalu|Pairlament]]
|sovereignty_type = Unthirldom
|established_event1 = frae the [[Unitit Kinrick]]
|established_date1 = 1 October 1978
|area_rank = 192nd <!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
|area_magnitude =
|area_km2 = 26
|area_sq_mi = 10 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = negligible
|population_estimate = 
|population_estimate_rank = 
|population_estimate_year = 
|population_census = 10,645
|population_census_year =2017
|population_census_rank = 229t
|population_density_km2 = 475.88
|population_density_sq_mi = 1,142 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 27t
|GDP_PPP = $39 million<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_rank = 226t <!--cia.gov-->
|GDP_PPP_year = 2016
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $3,566<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 156t <!--cia.gov-->
|GDP_nominal_year = 2016
|GDP_nominal = $32 million<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|title= Tuvalu|url= http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&pr.y=8&sy=2016&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=869&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|publisher= International Monetary Fund }}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_rank = 194th
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,970<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 118t
|Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank =
|HDI_year = |HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI = <!--number only--> |HDI_ref =
|HDI_rank =
|currency = [[Tuvaluan dollar]] <br /> Australian dollar
|currency_code = AUD
|country_code = TV
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = +12
|time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST =
|drives_on = caur
|calling_code = [[+688]]
|cctld = [[.tv]]
}}
'''Tuvalu''' is a [[Polynesie]] [[island kintra]] locatit in the [[Paceefic Ocean]], situatit in [[Oceania]], aboot midwey atween [[Hawaii]] an [[Australie]]. It lees east-northeast o the [[Santa Cruz Islands]] (that belang tae the [[Solomon Islands]]), sootheast o [[Nauru]], sooth o [[Kiribati]], wast o [[Tokelau]], northwast o [[Samoa]] an [[Wallis an Futuna]], an north o [[Fiji]]. It comprises three [[reef]] islands an sax true [[atoll]]s spreid oot atween the [[latitude]] o [[5t parallel sooth|5°]] tae [[10t parallel sooth|10° sooth]] an [[longitude]] o [[176t meridian east|176°]] tae [[180t meridian|180°]], wast o the [[Internaitional Date Line]]. Tuvalu haes a population o 10,640 (2012 census).<ref name="1C2012">{{cite web |title=Population of communities in Tuvalu |publisher=world-statistics.org |date=11 April 2012 |url=http://tuvalu.popgis.spc.int/#l=en;i=ethnic.t_tuvaluan;v=map1;sid=39;z=717733,9074628,48863,33709;sly=eas_32760_xy_def_DR |accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="2C2012">{{cite web |title=Population of communities in Tuvalu |publisher=Thomas Brinkhoff |date=11 April 2012 |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Tuvalu.html |accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref> The tot laund aurie o the islands o Tuvalu is {{convert|26|km2|sqmi}}.

The first indwallers o Tuvalu war [[Polynesians]]. The oreegins o the fowk o Tuvalu are addressed in the [[Polynesia#History o the Polynesian people|theories regairdin migration intae the Paceefic]] that begoud aboot 3000 years ago.<ref name=Howe1>{{cite book |last=Howe |first=Kerry |title=The Quest for Origins |year=2003 |publisher=Penguin |location=New Zealand |isbn=0-14-301857-4 |pages=68-70 }}</ref> In pre-European-contact times thare wis frequent canoe voyagin atween the islands as [[Polynesian navigation]] skills are recognised tae hae alloued deliberate jurneys on dooble-huil sailin canoes or [[ootrigger canoe]]s.<ref name="Belwood1">{{cite book |last1= Bellwood|first1= Peter|title=The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People |url=https://archive.org/details/polynesiansprehi00unse|format= |accessdate=  |year= 1987 |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=39–44|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }}</ref> The paitern o settlement that is believed tae have occurred is that the Polynesies spreid oot frae [[Samoa]] an [[Tonga]] intae the Tuvaluan atolls, wi Tuvalu providin a steppin stane tae faur migration intae the [[Polynesie ootlier]]s in [[Melanesie]] an [[Micronesie]].<ref name="Belwood2">{{cite book |last1= Bellwood|first1= Peter|title=The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People |url=https://archive.org/details/polynesiansprehi00unse|format= |accessdate=  |year= 1987 |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=29 & 54|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }}</ref><ref name="Bayard">{{cite book |last1=Bayard|first1=D.T.|title=The Cultural Relationships of the Polynesian Outiers |url= |format= |accessdate=  |year= 1976 |publisher=Otago University, Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology, Vol. 9|location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages=|chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }}</ref><ref name="Kirch">{{cite book |last1=Kirch|first1=P.V.|title=The Polynesian Outiers |url= |format= |accessdate=  |year= 1984 |publisher=95 (4) Journal of Pacific History|location= |language= |isbn=|oclc= |doi= |id= |pages=224–238 |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= }}</ref>

In 1568, Spaingie navigator [[Álvaro de Mendaña de Neira|Álvaro de Mendaña]] wis the first European tae sail throu the airchipelago, sichtin the island o [[Nui (atoll)|Nui]] in his expedeetion in sairch o [[Terra Australis]]. The island o [[Funafuti]] wis named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice wis applee'd tae aw o the nine islands efter the wark o Inglis hydrografer [[Alexander George Findlay]]. The Ellice Islands cam intae Great Breetain's sphere o influence in the late 19t century, as the result o a treaty atween Great Breetain an Germany relatin tae the demarcation o the spheres o influence in the Paceefic Ocean.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_between_Great_Britain_and_Germany_relating_to_the_Demarcation_of_the_Spheres_of_Influence |title=Declaration between the Governments of Great Britain and the German Empire relating to the Demarcation of the British and German Spheres of Influence in the Western Pacific, signed at Berlin, April 6, 1886, |year=1886 |accessdate=22 October 2017}}</ref> Ilk o the Ellice Islands wis declared a [[Breetish protectorates|Breetish Protectorate]] bi Caiptain Gibson o {{HMS|Curacoa|1878|6}} atween 9 an 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands war admeenistered as a Breetish pertectorate bi a [[Resident Commissioner]] frae 1892 tae 1916, as pairt o the [[Breetish Wastren Paceefic Territories]] (BWPT), an then as pairt o the [[Gilbert an Ellice Islands]] colony frae 1916 tae 1976.

A [[Ellice Islands sel-determination referendum, 1974|referendum wis held in December 1974]] tae determine whether the Gilbert Islands an Ellice Islands shoud ilk hae thair awn admeenistration. As a consequence o the referendum, the Gilbert an Ellice Islands colony ceased tae exist on 1 Januar 1976, an the separate Breetish colonies o [[Kiribati]] an Tuvalu cam intae existence. Tuvalu becam fully independent within the [[Commonweel realm|Commonweel]] on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu becam the [[Unitit Naitions Siccarity Cooncil Resolution 1290|189t member o the Unitit Naitions]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Commonscat}}

[[Category:Tuvalu| ]]
[[Category:Kintras in Oceanie]]
[[Category:Airchipelagoes o the Paceefic Ocean]]
[[Category:Polynesie]]
[[Category:Constitutional monarchies]]
[[Category:Leeberal democracies]]
[[Category:Island kintras]]
[[Category:Least Developed Kintras]]
[[Category:Members o the Commonweel o Naitions]]
[[Category:States an territories established in 1978]]
[[Category:Inglis-speakin kintras an territories]]


{{Stub/Oceanie}}

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