Clinical review of grayanotoxin/mad honey poisoning past and present
- PMID: 18568799
- DOI: 10.1080/15563650701666306
Clinical review of grayanotoxin/mad honey poisoning past and present
Abstract
Grayanotoxin is a naturally occurring sodium channel toxin which enters the human food supply by honey made from the pollen and nectar of the plant family Ericaceae in which rhododendron is a genus. Grayanotoxin/mad honey poisoning is a little known, but well studied, cholinergic toxidrome resulting in incapacitating and, sometimes, life-threatening bradycardia, hypotension, and altered mental status. Complete heart blocks occur in a significant fraction of patients. Asystole has been reported. Treatment with saline infusion and atropine alone is almost always successful. A pooled analysis of the dysrhythmias occurring in 69 patients from 11 different studies and reports is presented. The pathophysiology, signs, symptoms, clinical course, and treatment of grayanotoxin/mad honey poisoning are discussed. In the nineteenth century grayanotoxin/mad honey poisoning was reported in Europe and North America. Currently, documented poisoning from locally produced honey in Europe or North America would be reportable. Possible reasons for this epidemiologic change are discussed.
Comment in
-
Mithridates VI Eupator, father of the empirical toxicology.Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 May;47(5):433. doi: 10.1080/15563650902899144. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009. PMID: 19492935 No abstract available.
Similar articles
-
An unusual presentation of mad honey poisoning: acute myocardial infarction.Int J Cardiol. 2008 Sep 26;129(2):e56-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.06.129. Epub 2007 Sep 24. Int J Cardiol. 2008. PMID: 17889382
-
Mad honey poisoning-related asystole.Emerg Med J. 2007 Aug;24(8):592-3. doi: 10.1136/emj.2006.045625. Emerg Med J. 2007. PMID: 17652692 Free PMC article.
-
Poisoning by mad honey: a brief review.Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Aug;45(8):1315-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.04.006. Epub 2007 Apr 21. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007. PMID: 17540490 Review.
-
Mad honey poisoning: a rare case report of seven cases.Nepal Med Coll J. 2009 Sep;11(3):212-3. Nepal Med Coll J. 2009. PMID: 20334076
-
Cardiac Effects of Mad Honey Poisoning and Its Management in Emergency Department: A Review from Turkey.Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2016 Jan;16(1):1-4. doi: 10.1007/s12012-015-9310-6. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2016. PMID: 25613735 Review.
Cited by
-
Grayanotoxin levels in blood, urine and honey and their association with clinical status in patients with mad honey intoxication.Turk J Emerg Med. 2017 Jun 4;18(1):29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.tjem.2017.05.001. eCollection 2018 Mar. Turk J Emerg Med. 2017. PMID: 29942880 Free PMC article.
-
Role of Honey in Advanced Wound Care.Molecules. 2021 Aug 7;26(16):4784. doi: 10.3390/molecules26164784. Molecules. 2021. PMID: 34443372 Free PMC article. Review.
-
A Comparison of the Effects of Grayanotoxin-Containing Honey (Mad Honey), Normal Honey, and Propolis on Fracture Healing.Med Princ Pract. 2018;27(2):99-106. doi: 10.1159/000487552. Epub 2018 Feb 11. Med Princ Pract. 2018. PMID: 29428933 Free PMC article.
-
Mad Honey and the Poisoner King: A Case of Mass Grayanotoxin Poisoning in the Roman Military.Cureus. 2023 Apr 29;15(4):e38289. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38289. eCollection 2023 Apr. Cureus. 2023. PMID: 37255894 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Mad honey: uses, intoxicating/poisoning effects, diagnosis, and treatment.RSC Adv. 2018 May 22;8(33):18635-18646. doi: 10.1039/c8ra01924j. eCollection 2018 May 17. RSC Adv. 2018. PMID: 35541133 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Miscellaneous
