Streaked shearwater
| Streaked shearwater | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Procellariiformes |
| Family: | Procellariidae |
| Genus: | Calonectris |
| Species: | C. leucomelas
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| Binomial name | |
| Calonectris leucomelas (Temminck, 1836)
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The streaked shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) is a species of seabird. The adult bird averages 48 cm (19 in) in length, with a 122 cm (48 in) wingspan.
Description
[edit]The streaked shearwater feeds mainly on fish and squid. It follows fishing boats, attracted to anchovy crawls off Japan and has been known to be taken as by-catch in nets or drowned when ingesting the bait on long-line fishing lines.
The streaked shearwater nests in burrows. It prefers forested hills.
This bird is abundant and widespread; however, some mortality occurs through becoming entangled in fishing nets, and from some predation by cats and rats. In addition, it is harvested by some traditional endemic human cultures.
Distribution
[edit]This species is pelagic, but is also found in inshore waters. It occurs in the Pacific Ocean, nesting in Japan and the Korean Peninsula, predominantly on their offshore islands.[2][3][4][note 1][note 2] After breeding, the streaked shearwater migrate south, feeding in the seas off northern New Guinea, the Arafura Sea, and the South China Sea.[2] Calonectris leucomelas have also been reported well off the west coast of the United States,[5] from the southern coast of India,[6] and from New Zealand.[7] There is also a record of a specimen collected in Wyoming.[8]
Notes
[edit]- ^ See figure 1 in Hart 2015, p. 56 for a Korean distribution map.
- ^ South Korean breeding sites include Sasu Island (사수도) and Chilbal Island (칠발도) where they are threatened by rat depredation. Lee, Kyung-gyu; Yoo, Jeong-chil (2002). "Breeding Population of Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) and the Effect of Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Predation on Sasudo Island". Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 33 (2): 142–147. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.33.142.; Nam, Ki-Baek; Lee, Kyung-Gyu; Hwang, Jae-Woong; Yoo, Jeong-Chil (2014). "Variation in Breeding Burrows of Streaked Shearwaters Breeding in Sasu Island, and Predation Rates by Norway Rats". Ocean and Polar Research. 36 (1): 49–57. doi:10.4217/OPR.2014.36.1.049.
References
[edit]- ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Calonectris leucomelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22698172A132630766. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22698172A132630766.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ a b Yamamoto, Takashi; et al. (2010). "At-sea distribution and behavior of streaked shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during the nonbreeding period". Auk. 127 (4): 871–881. doi:10.1525/auk.2010.10029. S2CID 85046196.
- ^ Sugawa, Hisashi; Karino, Kiyotaka; Ohshiro, Akio; Hirai, Masashi (2014). "Long-term trends in breeding site fidelity of streaked shearwater Calonectris leucomelas" (PDF). Marine Ornithology. 42: 11–15. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2017.
- ^ Hart, Kirk A.; et al. (2015). "Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leucomelas of the Korean Peninsula: Distribution, status and potential threats". Forktail. 31: 55–63.
- ^ Herrick, Samuel F.; Hanan, Doyle A. (1988). A review of California entangling net fisheries, 1981-1986. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS SWFC-108. Southwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce.
- ^ Praveen, J. (2014). "Pelagic offshore birding from Southern India 2013". Sea Swallow. 63: 46–48.
- ^ Scofield, R.P.; Christie, D.; Palma, R.L.; Tennyson, A.J.D. (2010). First record of streaked shearwater (Calonectris leucomelas) in New Zealand. Notornis. pp. 212–215.
- ^ Howell, Steve N.G.; Patteson, J. Brian; Shearwater, Debra (2012). Petrels, Albatrosses, and Storm-Petrels of North America: A Photographic Guide. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-14211-4.
Further reading
[edit]- Dunn, Jon L. (2017). National Geographic Field Guide to the Birds of North America. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. ISBN 978-1-4262-1835-4.
- Seabirds, an Identification Guide by Peter Harrison, (1983) ISBN 0-7470-1410-8
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Vol 1, Josep del Hoyo editor, ISBN 84-87334-10-5
External links
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