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{{User sandbox}}
<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->
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=== Wiki Table (Work in progress: sprint 1) ===
{| {{table}}
|- align="center"
| rowspan="3" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''SOFTWARE PRODUCT or STACK'''|| colspan="31" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Project Management (PM)'''
|- align="center"
| colspan="2"|Inception||Feasibility Study||{{nowrap begin}}Approval / Rejection{{nowrap end}} Process||Portfolio Management||colspan="6" |Planning||colspan="2"|Monitoring||colspan="6"|Communication  ||colspan="5"|Collaboration and Help Desk||Controling||colspan="2"|Risk Management||colspan="3"|Release Management and Maintenance||Traceability
|- align="center"
| Business Requirements||Scope and Vision||Technical, Operational, Resource, Financial, Market; and, Legal||Board of Directors, Managers and the such Decision-Making|| Single&#8209;project, multi&#8209;project, local shared resource pool; or, non-local shared resource pool<!-- Use &#8209; instead of dash. A dash causes a line break. -->||[[Software sizing|Software Size Estimation]]||Software [[Software development effort estimation|Effort]] and [[:Cost estimation in software engineering|Cost]] Estimation||[[Resource Allocation]]||[[Scheduling]] (PERT, CPM, {{nowrap begin}}Gantt Chart{{nowrap end}}, etc.)||[[:Task (project management)|Task Management]] ({{nowrap begin}}Product Backlog,{{nowrap end}} Sprint Backlog, Task board, etc.)||Forecasting||Pulse Meetings, {{nowrap begin}}Variance Reports{{nowrap end}} and {{nowrap begin}}Change Logs;{{nowrap end}} Reviews, etc.||{{nowrap begin}}Information System,{{nowrap end}} Data-mining, Business Intelligence, etc. (Dashboard, Reports, etc.)||News and Announcements||Blog||{{nowrap begin}}Micro-blog{{nowrap end}} (Twitter, Tumblr, etc.)||Electronic Mail||SMS||Social Networks (Facebook, Instagram, etc.)||Content Management System||Wiki||Forum||Chat||Instant Messaging (WhatsApp, Line, etc.)||Problem Solving||Risk Assessment||Change Management (Contingency Planning, etc.)||Release Planning, Release Approval and Release Changelog||Issue or Bug Fixing Planning||Closure (En-of-Life)||End-to-end Traceability
|- align="center"
|align="left"|XYZ
|Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes
|}


{| {{table}}
|- align="center"
| rowspan="3" |'''SOFTWARE PRODUCT or STACK'''
| colspan="12" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Requirement Engineering and Management (Req E&M)'''
|- align="center"
| colspan="5"|Elicitation and Analysis||colspan="2"|Specification||Validation||Exchange||colspan="2"|Traceability||Model-Based Requirements Engineering
|- align="center"
| Observation Reports||Questionnaires (also used for Validation)||Brainstorming and Mind-Mapping||Use cases||User stories||Free structure||Standard (IEEE 29148:2011)||Prototyping (also used for Elicitation and Analysis)||ReqIF||Forward||Backward||SysML Requirements Diagram, etc.
|- align="center"
|align="left" |XYZ
|Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes||Yes
|}




{|class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Lexical sets, as defined in {{harvp|Wells|1982|pp=xviii–ix, 120–2, 166–7}}
|-
! Keyword !! RP !! GenAm !!class="unsortable"| Example words
|-
|{{sc2|TRAP}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|æ}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|æ}} || tap, back, badge, scalp, hand, cancel
|-
|{{sc2|PALM}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑː}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑ}} || psalm, father, bra, spa, lager
|-
|{{sc2|BATH}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑː}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|æ}} || staff, brass, ask, dance, sample, calf
|-
|{{sc2|START}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑː}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑr}} || far, sharp, bark, carve, farm, heart
|-
|{{sc2|STRUT}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʌ}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʌ}} || cup, suck, budge, pulse, trunk, blood
|-
|{{sc2|THOUGHT}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔː}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔ}} || taught, sauce, hawk, jaw, broad
|-
|{{sc2|NORTH}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔː}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔr}} || for, war, short, scorch, born, warm
|-
|{{sc2|LOT}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɒ}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|ɑ}} || stop, sock, dodge, romp, possible, quality
|-
|{{sc2|CLOTH}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɒ}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔ}} || cough, broth, cross, long, Boston
|-
|{{sc2|FOOT}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʊ}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʊ}} || put, bush, full, good, look, wolf
|-
|{{sc2|GOOSE}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|uː}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|u}} || loop, shoot, tomb, mute, huge, view
|-
|[[DRESS lexical set|{{sc2|DRESS}}]] || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|e}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|ɛ}} || step, neck, edge, shelf, friend, ready
|-
|{{sc2|NURSE}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|ɜː}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|ɜr}} || hurt, lurk, urge, burst, jerk, term
|-
|[[KIT lexical set|{{sc2|KIT}}]] || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|ɪ}} || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|ɪ}} || ship, sick, bridge, milk, myth, busy
|-
|{{sc2|FLEECE}} || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|iː}} || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|i}} || creep, speak, leave, feel, key, people
|-
| comm{{sc2|A}} || {{IPA|ə}} || {{IPA|ə}} || catalpa, quota, vodka
|-
| lett{{sc2|ER}} || {{IPA|ə}} || {{IPA|ər}} || paper, metre, calendar, stupor, succo(u)r, martyr, figure
|-
| happ{{sc2|Y}} || {{IPA|ɪ}} || {{IPA|ɪ}}<!-- as appears in Wells (1982) --> || copy, scampi, taxi, sortie, committee, hockey, Chelsea
|-
|{{sc2|PRICE}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|aɪ}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|aɪ}} || ripe, write, arrive, high, try, buy
|-
|{{sc2|FACE}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|eɪ}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|eɪ}} || tape, cake, raid, veil, steak, day
|-
|{{sc2|CHOICE}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔɪ}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔɪ}} || adroit, noise, join, toy, royal
|-
|{{sc2|SQUARE}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|ɛə}} || {{hs|e}} {{IPA|ɛr}} || care, fair, pear, where, scarce, vary
|-
|{{sc2|NEAR}} || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|ɪə}} || {{hs|i}} {{IPA|ɪr}} || beer, sincere, fear, beard, serum
|-
|{{sc2|MOUTH}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|aʊ}} || {{hs|a}} {{IPA|aʊ}} || out, house, loud, count, crowd, cow
|-
|{{sc2|GOAT}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|əʊ}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|o}}<!-- as appears in Wells (1982) --> || soap, joke, home, know, so, roll
|-
|{{sc2|FORCE}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|ɔː}} || {{hs|o}} {{IPA|or}} || four, wore, sport, porch, borne, story
|-
|{{sc2|CURE}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʊə}} || {{hs|u}} {{IPA|ʊr}} || poor, tourist, pure, plural, jury
|}



This chart shows the most common applications of the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] to represent [[English language]] pronunciations.

*AmE, [[American English]]
*AuE, [[Australian English phonology|Australian English]]
*BahE, [[Bahamian English]]
*BarE, [[Barbadian English]]
*CaE, [[Canadian English]]
*CIE, [[Channel Island English]]
*EnE, [[English English]] 
*FiE, [[Fiji English]]
*InE, [[Indian English]]
*IrE, [[Hiberno-English|Irish English]]
*NZE, [[New Zealand English]]
*PaE, [[Palauan English]]
*ScE, [[Scottish English]]
*SIE, [[Solomon Islands English]]
*SAE, [[South African English]]
*SSE, [[Standard Singapore English]]
*WaE, [[Welsh English]]

==Chart==
This chart gives a partial system of [[diaphoneme]]s for English. The symbols for the diaphonemes are given in bold, followed by their most common phonetic values. For the vowels, a separate phonetic value is given for each major dialect, and words used to name corresponding [[lexical set]]s are also given. The diaphonemes and lexical sets given here are based on RP and General American; they are not sufficient to express all of the distinctions found in other dialects, such as Australian English.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ English [[consonant]]s
! [[Help:IPA/English|Dia-<br/>phoneme]]<ref name="PE">This is a compromise IPA transcription, which covers most dialects of English.</ref>
! Phones !! Examples
|-
! {{IPA|p}}
| {{IPA link|pʰ}}, {{IPA link|p}}
| '''p'''en, s'''p'''in, ti'''p'''
|-
! {{IPA|b}}
| {{IPA link|b}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|b̥}}]]
| '''b'''ut, we'''b'''
|-
! {{IPA|t}}
| {{IPA link|tʰ}}, {{IPA link|t}}, {{IPA link|ɾ}}, {{IPA link|ʔ}}<ref>{{IPA|/t/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ɾ}} in some positions in GA and Australian English, and is possible in RP in words like ''butter'', {{IPAblink|ʔ}} in some positions in Scottish English, English English, American English and Australian English, and {{IPAblink|t̞}} non-initially in Irish English.</ref>
| '''t'''wo, s'''t'''ing, be'''t'''
|-
! {{IPA|d}}
| {{IPA link|d}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|d̥}}]], {{IPA link|ɾ}}<ref>{{IPA|/d/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ɾ}} if preceded and followed by vowels in GA and Australian English.</ref>
| '''d'''o, da'''dd'''y, o'''dd'''
|-
! {{IPA|tʃ}}
| {{IPA link|tʃʰ}}, {{IPA link|tʃ}}
| '''ch'''air, na'''t'''ure, tea'''ch'''
|-
! {{IPA|dʒ}}
| {{IPA link|dʒ}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|d̥ʒ̊}}]]
| '''g'''in, '''j'''oy, e'''dge'''
|-
! {{IPA|k}}
| {{IPA link|kʰ}}, {{IPA link|k}}
| '''c'''at, '''k'''ill, s'''k'''in, '''q'''ueen, uni'''que''', thi'''ck'''
|-
! {{IPA|ɡ}}
| {{IPA link|ɡ}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɡ̊}}]]
| '''g'''o, '''g'''et, be'''g'''
|-
! {{IPA|f}}
| {{IPA link|f}}
| '''f'''ool, enou'''gh''', lea'''f''', o'''ff''', '''ph'''oto
|-
! {{IPA|v}}
| {{IPA link|v}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|v̥}}]]
| '''v'''oice, ha'''ve''', o'''f, v'''er'''ve'''
|-
! {{IPA|θ}}
| {{IPA link|θ}}, {{IPA link|t̪}}, {{IPA link|f}}<ref>{{IPA|/θ/}} is pronounced as a dental stop {{IPAblink|t̪}} in Irish English, Newfoundland English, Indian English, and New York English, merges with {{IPA|/f/}} in some varieties of English English, and merges with {{IPA|/t/}} in some varieties of Caribbean English. The dental stop {{IPAblink|t̪}} also occurs in other dialects as an allophone of {{IPA|/θ/}}.</ref>
| '''th'''ing, tee'''th'''
|-
! {{IPA|ð}}
| {{IPA link|ð}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ð̥}}]], {{IPA link|d̪}}, {{IPA link|v}}<ref>{{IPA|/ð/}} is pronounced as a dental stop {{IPA|[d̪]}} in Irish English, Newfoundland English, Indian English, and New York English, merges with {{IPA|/v/}} in some varieties of English English, and merges with {{IPA|/d/}} in some varieties of Caribbean English. {{IPAblink|d̪}} also occurs in other dialects as an allophone of {{IPA|/ð/}}.</ref>
| '''th'''is, brea'''the''', fa'''th'''er
|-
! {{IPA|s}}
| {{IPA link|s}}
| '''s'''ee, '''c'''ity, pa'''ss'''
|-
! {{IPA|z}}
| {{IPA link|z}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|z̥}}]]
| '''z'''oo, ro'''s'''e
|-
! {{IPA|ʃ}}
| {{IPA link|ʃ}}
| '''sh'''e, '''s'''ure, se'''ssi'''on, emo'''ti'''on, lea'''sh'''
|-
! {{IPA|ʒ}}
| {{IPA link|ʒ}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ʒ̊}}]]
| '''g'''enre, plea'''su'''re, bei'''ge''', equa'''ti'''on, sei'''zu'''re
|-
! {{IPA|h}}
| {{IPA link|h}}, {{IPA link|ɦ}},<ref>The glottal fricative {{IPA|/h/}} is often pronounced as voiced {{IPAblink|ɦ}} between vowel sounds and after voiced consonants. Initial voiced {{IPAblink|ɦ}} occurs in some accents of the Southern Hemisphere.</ref> {{IPA link|ç}}<ref>{{IPA|/h/}} is pronounced {{IPAblink|ç}} before the palatal approximant {{IPA|/j/}}, sometimes even replacing the cluster /hj/, and sometimes before high front vowels.</ref>
| '''h'''am, '''h'''ue
|-
! {{IPA|m}}
| {{IPA link|m}}, {{IPA link|ɱ}}<ref>The bilabial nasal {{IPA|/m/}} is pronounced as labiodental {{IPAblink|ɱ}} before ''f'' and ''v'', as in ''symphony'' {{IPA|[ˈsɪɱfəni]}}, ''circumvent'' {{IPA|[ˌsɝkəɱˈvɛnt]}}, ''some value'' {{IPA|[ˌsʌɱˈvæɫjuː]}}.</ref>
| '''m'''an, ha'''m'''
|-
! {{IPA|n}}
| {{IPA link|n}}
| '''n'''o, ti'''n'''
|-
! {{IPA|ŋ}}
| {{IPA link|ŋ}}
| ri'''ng'''er, si'''ng''',<ref>In some dialects, such as [[Brummie]], words like ''ringer'', ''sing'' {{IPA|/ˈɹɪŋə ˈsɪŋ/}}, which have a velar nasal {{IPA|[ŋ]}} in most dialects, are pronounced with an additional {{IPA|/ɡ/}}, like "finger": {{IPA|/ˈɹɪŋɡə/}}.</ref> fi'''n'''ger, dri'''n'''k
|-
! l
| {{IPA link|l}}, {{IPA link|ɫ}},<ref>Velarized {{IPAblink|ɫ}} traditionally does not occur in Irish English; clear or plain {{IPAblink|l}} does not occur in Australian, New Zealand, Scottish, or American English. RP, some other English accents, and South African English, however, have clear {{IPAblink|l}} in syllable onsets and dark {{IPAblink|ɫ}} in syllable rimes.</ref> [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|l̥}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɫ̥}}]],<ref name="voiceless sonorant">Sonorants are voiceless after a fortis (voiceless) stop at the beginning of a stressed syllable.</ref> {{IPA link|ɤ}}, {{IPA link|o}}<ref>[[L-vocalization|''L''-vocalization]] in which ''l'' is pronounced as a kind of a back vowel ({{IPAblink|ɤ}} or {{IPAblink|o}}, or non-syllabic {{IPA|[ɤ̯, o̯]}}, forming a diphthong with the preceding vowel) occurs in New Zealand English and many regional accents, such as African-American Vernacular English, Cockney, New York English, Estuary English, Pittsburgh English, Standard Singapore English.</ref> {{IPAblink|ɬ}},<ref> Only exits in [[Welsh English]]. Non-Welsh speakers usually replace it with {{IPA link|l}}.</ref> 
| '''l'''eft, be'''ll''', sab'''le''', p'''l'''ease, '''Ll'''angefni
|-
! {{IPA|r}}
| {{IPA link|ʷ|ɹʷ}}, {{IPA link|ɹ}}, {{IPA link|ɾ}},<ref name="r">{{IPA|/r/}} is pronounced as a tap {{IPAblink|ɾ}} in some varieties of Scottish and Irish English.</ref> {{IPA link|ɻ}}, [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɹ̥ʷ}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɹ̥}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɾ̥}}]], [[Voicelessness|{{IPA|ɻ̊}}]],<ref name="voiceless sonorant" /> {{IPA link|ʋ}}<ref>[[R-labialization|''R''-labialization]], in which ''r'' is pronounced as {{IPAblink|ʋ}}, is found in some accents in Southern England.</ref>
| '''r'''un, ve'''r'''y, p'''r'''obably
|-
! {{IPA|w}}
| {{IPA link|w}}, {{IPA link|ʍ}}<ref name="voiceless sonorant" />
| '''w'''e, q'''u'''een
|-
! {{IPA|j}}
| {{IPA link|j}}
| '''y'''es, [[Nyala|n'''y'''ala]]
|-
! {{IPA|hw}}
| {{IPA link|ʍ}}, {{IPA link|w}}<ref>Some dialects, such as [[Scottish English]], [[Hiberno-English|Irish English]], and many [[Southern American English|American South]] and [[New England English|New England dialects]], distinguish voiceless {{IPAblink|ʍ}} from voiced {{IPAblink|w}}; see [[wine–whine merger|''wine''–''whine'' merger]] and [[voiceless labiovelar approximant]].</ref>
| '''wh'''at
|-
! colspan="3"| [[Segment (linguistics)#Marginal segments|Marginal]] consonants
|-
! {{IPA|x}}
| {{IPA link|x}}, {{IPA link|χ}}, {{IPA link|k}}, {{IPA link|kʰ}}, {{IPA link|h}}, {{IPA link|ɦ}}, {{IPA link|ç}}
| lo'''ch''' (Scottish),<ref>Marginal in most accents, and otherwise merged with {{IPA|/k/}}, see [[lock–loch merger|''Lock''–''loch'' merger]].</ref> u'''gh'''<ref>This common English interjection is usually pronounced with {{IPAblink|x}} in unscripted spoken English, but it is most often read {{IPA|/ʌɡ/}} or {{IPA|/ʌk/}}</ref>
|-
! {{IPA|ʔ}}
| {{IPA link|ʔ}}
| uh'''<big>-</big>'''oh
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ English [[vowel]]s and [[diphthong]]s
|-
! rowspan="3" | [[Help:IPA/English|Dia-<br/>phoneme]]<ref name="PE"/>
! rowspan="3" | [[Lexical set|Keyword]]
! rowspan="3" | Examples
! colspan="14" | [[American English|{{abbr|AmE|American English}}]]
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" | [[Australian English|{{abbr|AuE|Australian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Harrington|Cox|Evans|1997}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Cox|Palethorpe|2007}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" | [[Bahamian English|{{abbr|BahE|Bahamian English}}]]
! rowspan="3" | [[Barbadian English|{{abbr|BarE|Barbadian English}}]]
! rowspan="3" | [[Canadian English|{{abbr|CaE|Canadian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Boberg|2004}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" | [[Channel Island English|{{abbr|CIE|Channel Island English}}]]
! colspan="5" | [[English English|{{abbr|EnE|English English}}]]
! rowspan="3" | [[Fiji English|{{abbr|FiE|Fiji English}}]]
! rowspan="3" | [[Indian English|{{abbr|InE|Indian English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Sailaja|2009|pp=19–26}}</ref>
! colspan="8" | [[Irish English|{{abbr|IrE|Irish English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Wells|1982|p=422}}</ref>
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" | [[New Zealand English|{{abbr|NZE|New Zealand English}}]]<ref name="Mannell 2009"/><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bauer|Warren|Bardsley|Kennedy|2007|pp=97–102}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" | [[Palauan English|{{abbr|PaE|Palauan English}}]]
! rowspan="3" | [[Scottish English|{{abbr|ScE|Scottish English}}]]<ref>{{harvcoltxt|Scobbie|Gordeeva|Matthews|2006|p=7}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" | [[Solomon Islands English|{{abbr|SIE|Solomon Islands English}}]]
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |[[South African English|{{abbr|SAE|South African English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bekker|2008}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Lass|2002|pp=111–119}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" | [[Standard Singapore English|{{abbr|SSE|Standard Singapore English}}]]
! colspan="3" | [[Welsh English|{{abbr|WaE|Welsh English}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Coupland|Thomas|1990|pages=93–136}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="2"| [[AAVE]]
! colspan="2"| [[Boston accent]]
! rowspan="2"| [[Cajun English]]
! rowspan="2" | [[General American]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Kenyon|Knott|1953}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Kenyon|1950}}</ref><ref name="Mannell 2009">{{Harvcoltxt|Mannell|Cox|Harrington|2009}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" | [[Inland Northern American English]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Mid-Atlantic American English]]
! colspan="3" | [[New York accent]]
! colspan="3" | [[Southern American English]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Cockney]]
! rowspan="2" | [[Geordie]]
! colspan="2" | [[Received Pronunciation|{{abbr|RP|Received Pronunciation}}]]<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Roach|2004|pp=241–243}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bl.uk/learning/langlit/sounds/case-studies/received-pronunciation/vowel-sounds-rp/ |publisher=British Library |title=Case Studies&nbsp;– Received Pronunciation Phonology&nbsp;– RP Vowel Sounds}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |[[Scouse]]
! colspan="4" |[[Ulster English]]
! rowspan="2" |West & South-West Ireland English
! colspan="2"| [[Dublin English]]
! rowspan="2" |Supraregional southern Irish English
! rowspan="2" |[[Abercraf English]]
! rowspan="2" |[[Port Talbot English]]
! rowspan="2" |[[Cardiff English]]
|-
! Non-Rhotic
! Rhotic
! Older
! Younger
! Non-Rhotic
! Older
! Rhotic
! Non-Rhotic
! Older
! Rhotic
! Cultivated
! General
! Broad
! Conservative 
! Contemporary
! Belfast
! Mid-Ulster
! traditional
! Ulster Scots
! Local Dublin English
! New Dublin English
! Cultivated
! General
! Broad
! Cultivated
! General
! Broad
|-
! rowspan="3" |{{IPA|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{sc2|TRAP}}
|h'''a'''m, t'''a'''n
| colspan="2" |ɛː~ɛə~eə
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|eə~ɛə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| {{IPA|eə~ɛə~æ}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA|eə~ɪə}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æə~ɛə~eə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛə~eə~ɪə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|eə~æjə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|æː}}<ref name="badlad">See [[Bad–lad split|''bad''–''lad'' split]] for this distinction.</ref>
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|æː}}~{{IPA link|ɛː}}<ref name="badlad">See [[Bad–lad split|''bad''–''lad'' split]] for this distinction.</ref>
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|a}}
|{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA|ɛə}}<ref name="shortatensing">In most of the United States (with high dialectal variation), and to a lesser degree in Canada, special [[Æ tensing|/æ/ tensing systems]] occur.</ref>
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~ɛ, ɛɪ
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="4" |{{IPA link|äː}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="5" |{{IPA link|ä}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}<ref>Suzanna Bet Hashim and Brown, Adam (2000) 'The [e] and [æ] vowels in Singapore English'. In Adam Brown, David Deterding and Low Ee Ling (eds.) ''The English Language in Singapore: Research on Pronunciation'', Singapore: Singapore Association for Applied Linguistics {{ISBN|981-04-2598-8}}, pp. 84–92.</ref>
| rowspan="4" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|aː}}<ref name="badlad" />
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|æː}}<ref name="badlad"/>
|-
| b'''a'''d
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |æ~ɛː~ɛə
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|æ~ɛə}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|æ~ɛə}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|æ~æjə~æ̠ɛæ̠}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|a}}
|-
| l'''a'''d, c'''a'''t
| {{IPA|æ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|æ}},<br/>{{IPA|ɛə~eə~ɪə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| colspan="2" |{{IPA link|æ}}
|{{IPA link|æ}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|æ}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɑː}} / {{IPA|æ}}
| {{sc2|BATH}}
| p'''a'''ss, p'''a'''th, s'''a'''mple
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ä~a}}
| {{IPA|æə~ɛə~eə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| colspan="3" |{{IPA|ɛə~eə~ɪə}}<ref name="shortatensing" />
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐː}}~{{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|a}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|æː}}~{{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐː}}~{{IPA link|äː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɔː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ä}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Deterding|first=David|title=Singapore English|year=2007|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|location=United Kingdom|pages=24–26|ISBN=978 0 7486 3096 7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_uiqBgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref>
|-
! {{IPA|ɑː}}
|{{sc2|PALM}}
| f'''a'''ther
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |a~ä~ɑ
| a~ä
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|a~ä}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑ}}~{{IPA|ä}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|aː}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|äː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|ɑː}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|aː}}
| {{IPA link|aː}}~{{IPA link|æː}}
|-
! {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| {{sc2|LOT}}
| n'''o'''t, w'''a'''sp
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒ~ɑ~ä}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ä}}
| rowspan=3 | {{IPA|ɔ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ä}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}~{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɑ}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɔ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʌ|ʌ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɔ}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɑ̟}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɒ}} / {{IPA|ɔː}}
|{{sc2|CLOTH}}
| '''o'''ff, l'''o'''ss, cl'''o'''th, g'''o'''ne<ref>In American accents without the [[cot–caught merger|''cot''–''caught'' merger]], the {{sc2|LOT}} vowel (generally written ''o'') appears as {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}} instead of {{IPA link|ɑ}} before the fricatives {{IPA|/f/}}, {{IPA|/θ/}} and {{IPA|/s/}} and the velar nasal {{IPA|/ŋ/}}; also usually before {{IPA|/ɡ/}}, especially in single-syllable words (''dog'', ''log'', ''frog'', etc.), and occasionally before {{IPA|/k/}} (as in ''chocolate''). See [[Lot–cloth split|''Lot''–''cloth'' split]]. In American accents with the ''cot''–''caught'' merger (about half of today's speakers), only {{IPA link|ɑ}} occurs.</ref>
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɒɔ, ɒ~ɔə
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|a}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}}~{{IPA link|ɑ}}<ref>{{IPA link|ɒ}}~{{IPA link|ɔ}} occurs in American accents without the [[cot–caught merger|''cot''–''caught'' merger]] (about half of today's speakers); the rest have {{IPA link|ɑ}}.</ref>
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|ɒ~ɑ}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|oə~o̝ə}}
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔə~oə~ʊə}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|ɑɒ~ɑ}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|ɔo~ɑɒ}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|ɑɒ~ɑ}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA|ɔ}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}
| rowspan=2 | {{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| rowspan=2 colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒː}}
| rowspan=2 colspan="2" | {{IPA|aː}}~{{IPA|ä}}
| {{IPA|ɔː}}
| {{IPA|ɒ}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}},<br />{{IPA link|o̞ː}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʌ|ʌ̈}},<br />{{IPA link|oː}}
|{{IPA link|ɒ|ɒ̈}},<br />{{IPA link|oː}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɔː}}
| {{sc2|THOUGHT}}
| l'''aw''', c'''au'''ght, '''a'''ll, h'''a'''lt, t'''al'''k
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| {{IPA link|ɒː}}~{{IPA link|ɑː}}
| {{IPA link|oː}}~{{IPA link|ɔː}}
| {{IPA|ɔː}}~ɔ̝ə~ɔuə, oː~oʊ~ɔo
| {{IPA|ɔː}}
| {{IPA link|oː}}
| {{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| {{IPA link|ɒː}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}~{{IPA|ɔː}}~{{IPA|oː}}
| {{IPA|ɒː}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| {{IPA link|o̞ː}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɒ}}ː
|{{IPA link|ʌ̈}}ː
|-
! {{IPA|ə}}
| {{sc2|COMMA}}
| '''a'''bout
| colspan="21" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ə~ɐ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| {{IPA|ɐ~a}}
| colspan="10" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| {{IPA|ə~ɐ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ə}}<ref name="kit">It is not clear whether this a true phonemic split, since the distribution of the two sounds is predictable; see [[Kit–bit split|''Kit''–''bit'' split]].</ref>
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ə}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|KIT}}
| l'''i'''mb, d'''i'''nner, l'''i'''mited, b'''i'''t
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ɪ~iə
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̞~ɪ̈}}
| rowspan="2"| {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ̞}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="5" | {{IPA|ɪ~ɪ̈}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɪ~ɪjə~iə
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| colspan="5" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪ̞}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | ɪ̈~ë
| rowspan="2" | ə~ɘ
| rowspan="2" | ɛ
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | ɪ̈
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|ë̞}}~{{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ʌ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| ɪ̈ <ref name="kit"/>
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɪ̞}}
|-
| k'''i'''t, h'''i'''t, '''i'''nn, f'''i'''sh
| {{IPA link|ɪ}}<ref name="kit"/>
| {{IPA link|i}}<ref name="kit"/>
|-
! {{IPA|i}}
| {{sc2|HAPPY}}
| cit'''y'''
| rowspan="3" colspan="4" | {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪ}}~{{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}~{{IPA link|iː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əːi̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|iː}}~{{IPA|i}}
| {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|iː}}, {{IPA|ei̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|iː}}, {{IPA|ɪ̈i̯ ~ ɪ̈ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|e}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" |{{IPA link|iː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~əi}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|ɪ}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|iː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|iː}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|iː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|FLEECE}}
| s'''ee''', b'''e''', th'''e'''se, bel'''ie'''ve, c'''ei'''ling, k'''ey''', p'''eo'''ple
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯~iː}}
| rowspan="2" | əi~ɐi
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|i}}
| {{IPA|ɪi̯}}
| {{IPA|i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|i}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|iː}}
|-
| m'''ea'''t, l'''e'''gal, rec'''ei'''ve, ph'''oe'''nix, qu'''ay'''
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|i}}
|{{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|ɪi̯}}
|{{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|i}}
| colspan="4" |{{IPA link|eː}}~{{IPA link|iː}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|FACE}}
| d'''a'''te
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" |ɛi̯~æ̠i̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ̟ːɪ̯}}~{{IPA|a̠ːɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}~ɛ
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | æɪ~aɪ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eː}}~{{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɪə}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|e̞ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | e(ə)~ɪ(ə)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|eː~eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|e}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}~{{IPA|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯~ɛɪ̯~æɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯~äɪ̯~ʌɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|e}}<ref name="Singapore' pp. 93-99">Deterding, David (2000) 'Measurements of the {{IPA|/eɪ/}} and {{IPA|/oʊ/}} vowels of young English speakers in Singapore'. In Adam Brown, David Deterding and Low Ee Ling (eds.), ''The English Language in Singapore: Research on Pronunciation'', Singapore: Singapore Association for Applied Linguistics, pp. 93–99.</ref>
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|eː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ei̯}}
|-
| d'''ay''', p'''ai'''n, wh'''ey''', r'''ei'''n
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|eɪ̯}}
|-
! rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{sc2|DRESS}}
| b'''e'''d<ref name="collinse">Often transcribed {{IPA|/e/}} for RP, for example in Collins English Dictionary.</ref>
| colspan="2" |ɛ~eə
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA|æ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}
| colspan="4" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| colspan="3" |ɛ~ɛjə
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" |{{IPA link|e}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̝}}
| colspan="4" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|e}}, eɪ~eə~ɛɪ
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̞}}
| colspan="4" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" | ɛ,ɛ̝ə
| colspan="7" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̞}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̝}}~{{IPA link|ɪ}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|e̞}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|e̝}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA link|ɛ}}, {{IPA link|e}}<ref>{{cite journal | author=Mary W.J. Tay | year = 1982 | title = 'The phonology of educated Singapore English' | url = | journal = English World-Wide | volume = "3" | issue = "2" | pages = 135–45 | doi=10.1075/eww.3.2.02tay}}</ref>
| colspan="3" rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}
|-
| p'''e'''n
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ɪ~iə
| {{IPA|ɪ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | ɪ~ɪjə~iə
|-
| l'''e'''ngth
| {{IPA|i}}
|-
! {{IPA|ʌ}}
| {{sc2|STRUT}}
| r'''u'''n, w'''o'''n, fl'''oo'''d
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ~ɔ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌ̈}}
| colspan="3" |ɜ
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| colspan="2" | ʌ
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɜ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɔ}}
| ɐ̟~a
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʊ̞~ɤ}}
| {{IPA link|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ə}} ~ {{IPA link|ʌ}} ~ {{IPA link|ɑ}}<ref>The {{sc2|STRUT}} vowel in BrE is highly variable in the triangle defined by ə, ʌ and ɑ, see [http://englishspeechservices.com/blog/strut-for-dummies/ 'STRUT for Dummies']</ref>
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| {{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ɜ}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ɞ}}~{{IPA link|ʌ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA link|ɤ}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| {{IPA link|ʌ̈}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʌ}}
| {{IPA|ʌ}}~{{IPA|ɐ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}~{{IPA link|ä}}
| {{IPA|ʌ~ɜ~ä}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ə}}~{{IPA link|ɜ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|FOOT}}
| p'''u'''t
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ʊ~ɵ~ø̞
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ̞}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="5" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | ʊ̈~ʏ
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|u}}~{{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}, ʊ̈
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɵ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="4" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʊ̈}}
| {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}~{{IPA link|ʊ̈}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}~{{IPA link|u}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɘ}}
|-
| h'''oo'''d
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|uː}}~{{IPA link|ʊ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|uː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|GOOSE}}
| thr'''ou'''gh, y'''ou'''
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |ʊu̯~u
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|u}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u|u̟}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ʉu̯~ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}~{{IPA|ɵu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʉu̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|u}}~{{IPA|ʊu̯~ɤʊ̯~ɤu̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ʊu~ɵu~ʊ̈y~ʏy~ʉ̞u̟}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ïɯ}}~{{IPA|ʊʉ̯}}~{{IPA|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əːʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|uː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʉu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|uː}}~{{IPA link|ʉ}}
| rowspan="2" | əʉ~ʉː~ɨː~ʊː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u̟ː}}~{{IPA|ʉː}},ɵʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊu̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʉ̞ʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}, ɪ̈u̯~ɪ̈ʊ̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA link|uː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|u}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u|u̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}~{{IPA link|yː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ʉː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|u}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA link|uː}}
|-
| thr'''ew''', y'''ew'''
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪu̯}}<ref name="ReferenceA">In Welsh English, ''you'', ''yew'' and ''ewe'' are {{IPA|/juː/}}, {{IPA|/jɪu/}} and {{IPA|/ɪu/}} respectively; in most other varieties of English they are homophones.</ref>
|-
! {{IPA|juː}}
| c'''u'''te, d'''ew''', '''ewe'''
| colspan="2" |(j)ʊu̯~(j)u
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ɵu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)u̟}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ʉu̯~(j)ɵu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ɵu̯}}
| {{IPA|(j)ʉu̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|(j)u}}~{{IPA|(j)ʊu̯~(j)ɤʊ̯~(j)ɤu̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|(j)ʊu~(j)ɵu~(j)ʊ̈y~(j)ʏy~(j)ʉ̞u̟}}
| {{IPA|jʊu̯}}
| {{IPA|jïɯ}}~{{IPA|jʊʉ̯}}
| {{IPA|jəːʉ̯}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}
| {{IPA|juː}}
| {{IPA|(j)ʉu̯}}
| {{IPA|juː}}~{{IPA|jʉ}}
| jəʉ~jʉː~jɨː~jʊː
| {{IPA|ju̟ː}}~{{IPA|jʉː}},jɵʊ̯
| {{IPA|jʊu̯}}
| {{IPA|jʉ̞ʉ̯}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}, jɪ̈u̯~jɪ̈ʊ̯
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|juː}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|jʉ}}
| {{IPA|jʊ̈}}
| colspan="4" |{{IPA|juː}}
| colspan="3" |{{IPA|jʉː}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|jʉ}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
| {{IPA|ju̟ː}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}~{{IPA|jyː}}
| {{IPA|jʉː}}
| {{IPA|ju}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|PRICE}}
| fl'''igh'''t, m'''i'''ce
| colspan="2" |äɪ̯
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɐi̯}}<ref name="canadianraising"/>
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯~aː}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌɪ̯~ɜɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}<ref name="canadianraising">Some dialects of North American English have a vowel shift called [[Canadian raising]], in which the first element of the diphthongs {{IPA|/aɪ, aʊ/}} is raised in certain cases, yielding {{IPA|[ʌɪ̯, ʌʊ̯]}} or {{IPA|[əɪ̯, əʊ̯]}}. Canadian English has raising of both diphthongs, but most dialects in the United States only have raising of {{IPA|/aɪ/}}. In monosyllables, raising occurs before voiceless consonants, so ''right'' {{IPA|[ɹʌɪ̯t]}} and ''out'' {{IPA|[ʌʊ̯t]}} have raised vowels, but ''eyes'' {{IPA|[aɪz]}} and ''loud'' {{IPA|[laʊd]}} do not.</ref>
| {{IPA|ɐɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" |äɪ̯
| colspan="3" |ɐi~äɪ~äɛ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|a̠ɪ̞}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒːɪ̞}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌɪ̯~ɜɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}<ref name="canadianraising"/>
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | ɑɪ~ɒɪ~ɑ̟ə~ɑ̟ː
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äi̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA|aː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɐi̯~ɜi̯}}<ref name="canadianraising"/>
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯~ɐɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɪ̯~ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑe}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒe̯~ɔe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜi̯, äe̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}~{{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}~{{IPA link|ɑ|ɑ̟ː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ai̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ̟ɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɜɪ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜi̯}}
|-
| m'''y''', w'''i'''se, h'''igh'''
| colspan="2" |äɪ̯~äe̯~aɪ̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| aɪ̯~ae̯~æɪ̯
| {{IPA|äɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɑɪ̯~ɒɪ̯~äɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" |äː~äɛ
| {{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|äe̯~ɜi̯}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɔɪ}}
| {{sc2|CHOICE}}
| b'''oy''', h'''oi'''st
| colspan="2" |oɪ̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|oi̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ɑɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}~{{IPA|ʌɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}~{{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| ɔ̝ɪ~oɪ
| {{IPA|oe̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" |{{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|əɪ̯~ɑɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|aɪ̯~äɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɒɪ̯~oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|oɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|oi̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯~ɒɪ̯}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔi̯}}
| {{IPA|ɔɪ̯}}
|{{IPA|ɒɪ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌ̈i̯}}
|-
! rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|GOAT}}
| n'''o''', t'''oe''', s'''oa'''p
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |ʌʊ̯~ɔʊ̯
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ɔʊ̯
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~ʌʊ̯~ɔʊ̯~{{IPA link|o}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌo̯}}~{{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA link|o}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɘʊ̯}}~{{IPA|ɜʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯~ʌ̈ʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɜʊ~ɜʊ̈~ɜʏ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̽ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ̟ʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ̟ːʉ̯}}~{{IPA|a̠ːʉ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA|ɵʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː}}~{{IPA|oə}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | æ̈ɤ̈~æ̈ɤ̝̈~ɐɤ̈~ɐɤ̝̈~<br/>æ̈ʊ~ɐʊ~aʊ~ɐø~<br/>œ̈ø~ʌ̈ː~œ̈
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː}}~{{IPA|ʊə}}~ɵː
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛʉ̯~ɛʊ̯~eʉ̯~<br/>eʊ̯~əʉ̯~əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="4" | {{IPA|o}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌo̯}}~{{IPA|ʌɔ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}~{{IPA|əʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɵʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʉ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː~oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|o̝}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː~oʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛʊ̯~œʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|œʉ̯~œɤ̯̈~œː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ʌʊ̯}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA link|o}}<ref name="Singapore' pp. 93-99"/>
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oː}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɘu̯}}
|-
| t'''ow''', d'''ou'''gh, f'''ol'''k
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ou̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oʊ̯}}
|-
| s'''ou'''l, r'''o'''ll, c'''o'''ld
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔu̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔʊ̯}}
| ɒʊ~ɔo~aɤ
| {{IPA|ɔʊ̯}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɔʊ̯}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|MOUTH}}
| ab'''ou'''t, h'''ou'''se
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |æɔ̯~æə̯
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʊ̯}}<ref name="canadianraising" />
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~aː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯~ɐʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æʊ̯~ɛɔ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|æɒ~ɛjɔ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|a̠ʊ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æo}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛːo}}~{{IPA|ɛ̃ːɤ}}
| rowspan="2" | ao̯~ɑə̯~aɵ~aɛ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌʊ̯}}
| {{IPA|ʌʊ̯~ɜʊ̯}}<ref name="canadianraising" />
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | æʊ~æə~æː~aː~æi̯ə̯
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äu̯}}~{{IPA|æu̯}}~{{IPA|ɛu̯}}~{{IPA|əu̯}}~{{IPA|uː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aɔ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɐʏ̯~ɜʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐʊ̯~ʌʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯~ɛʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æo̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|e̝ə}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɜʉ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|äʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|äː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|æʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|au̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐu̯}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ɜʊ̯}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑ̟u̯}}
|-
| n'''ow''', pr'''ou'''d
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|aʊ̯}}
| {{IPA|äʊ̯~ɑʊ̯}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɑːr}}
| {{sc2|START}}
| '''ar'''m, c'''ar'''
| ɑ(ɹ)~ɒ(ɹ)
| ɑɹ~ɒɹ
| colspan="2" | a(ɹ)~ä(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɑ(ɹ)~a(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| {{IPA|äɻ}}~{{IPA|ɐɻ}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɒə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|äə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ~ɒɹ}}
| colspan="2" | ɑ(ɹ)~ɒ(ɹ)
| ɑɹ~ɒɹ
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɐː(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|äː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|aːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ~ɐɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)~ɑː(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| aː(ɾ)~ɑː(ɾ)
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|äː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɑɻ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|æːɹ}}~{{IPA|aɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äːɹ}}~{{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɐː(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|äː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑɹ}}
| {{IPA|äɾ}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑ̟ː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)~ɔː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ä(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|aː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|aː(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|æː(ɹ)}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɪər}}
| {{sc2|NEAR}}
| d'''eer''', h'''ere'''
| iə̯(ɹ)~iɤ(ɹ)
| iɹ
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)~ɪɐ̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|i(ɹ)~ɪ(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɪɹ~iɹ}}
| {{IPA|iɻ~iə̯ɻ}}
| iɹ
| colspan="2" | ɪə̯(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)
| ɪɹ~iɹ
| colspan="2" | iə̯(ɹ)
| iɹ
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|iː(ɹ)~<br/>iːə(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɹ)~eə̯(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|eːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɪɹ}}
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɾ)~ɪə̯(ɾ)}}
| iə(ɹ)~ɪː(ɹ)~ɪi̯ɐ̯(ɹ)
| iɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɪː(ɹ)}}
| iɛ(ɾ)
| ɪə̯(ɹ)~iə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɾ)~<br/>iː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|iːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|eə~ɪə}}
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|iə̯(ɹ)}}<ref name="NZE centering">Merging {{sc2|NEAR}} and {{sc2|SQUARE}} is especially common amongst young New Zealanders.</ref>
| {{IPA|ɪɹ~iɹ}}
| {{IPA|iə̯ɾ}}
| ɪə̯(ɾ)~iə̯(ɾ)
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɪə̯(ɾ)~<br/>ɪː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|iə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|iːə(ɾ)}}, {{IPA|jøː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|iːə(ɹ)}}, {{IPA|jøː(ɹ)}}
|-
! {{IPA|ɛər}}
| {{sc2|SQUARE}}
| m'''are''', th'''ere''', b'''ear'''
|ɛə̯(ɹ)
|ɛɹ
| colspan="2" | ɛə̯(ɹ)~ɛɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛ(ɹ)~æ(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛɹ}}
| {{IPA|eə̯ɻ}}~{{IPA|eɻ}}
| {{IPA|eɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)~<br/>eə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛɹ~<br/>eɹ}}
| colspan="2" | ɛ(j)ə(ɹ)
|e̞ɹ~ɛ(j)əɹ
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|eː(ɹ)~<br/>eːə(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|e̝ː(ɹ)~<br/>e̝ːə(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|eə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɾ)}}
| ɛ̝ə(ɹ)~ɛː(ɹ)~ɛi̯ə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}<ref name="airsymbol">While the actual pronunciation is [{{IPA|ɛə(ɹ)}} ~ {{IPA|ɛː(ɹ)}}], it can also be transcribed {{IPA|/eə(ɹ)/}}.</ref>
| rowspan="4" | {{IPA|ɪː(ɾ)~eː(ɾ)~ëː(ɾ)~ɛː(ɾ)~<br/>ɛ̈ː(ɾ)~œː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)~<br/>ɘː(ɾ)~ɜː(ɾ)~ɵː(ɾ)}}
|ɛə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɾ)~<br/>eː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɚː}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|eːɹ}}
| {{IPA|e̞ə̯(ɹ)}}
|ɛɹ
| {{IPA|eə̯ɾ}}
| ɛə̯(ɾ)~ɛɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛə̯(ɹ)~ɛː(ɹ)~<br/>eː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|eː(ɾ)~e̝ː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|ɛ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|eː(ɹ)}}
|-
! rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɜːr}}
| rowspan="3" | {{sc2|NURSE}}
| b'''ur'''n
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" |əː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌə(ɹ)~ʌɹ}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}~əɻ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɚ
| rowspan="3" | əɪ̯
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" |ɚ~ɐɹ
| rowspan="3" |ɜ(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" |ɚ~ɐɹ
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɘː(ɹ)~ɵː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | ə(ɹ)~ɜ(ɹ)~ɜi̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="5" | ɤ
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" | ɜː(ɹ)~ɜ̟ː(ɹ)~œ̈ː(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|øː(ɹ)~ɪː(ɹ)~əː(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɜː(ɾ)~äɾ}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɚː}}<ref name="FFFM">See [[Fern–fir–fur merger|''Fern''–''fir''–''fur'' merger]] for this distinction in some varieties.</ref>
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ʊːɹ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɚː}}
| rowspan="3" colspan="3" | {{IPA|ɵː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| {{IPA|ʌɾ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)~ɐː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɹ)~ɐː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ø̈ː(ɹ)~ø̞̈ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|ø̈ː(ɾ)~ø̞̈ː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="5" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|əː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|øː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|øː(ɹ)}}
|-
| b'''ir'''d
| {{IPA|ɪɾ~ʌɾ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
|-
| h'''er'''d, '''ear'''th
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɛːɹ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
| {{IPA|ɛɾ}}<ref name="FFFM"/>
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ər}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|LETTER}}
| winn'''er''', massac'''re'''<ref name="r-colored schwa">Sometimes transcribed for GA as {{IPA|[əɹ]}}, especially in transcriptions that represent both rhotic and non-rhotic pronunciations, as {{IPA|[ə(ɹ)]}}.</ref>
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | ɚ
| colspan="4" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|œ(ɾ)~ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)~ɐ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |{{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɐ(ɹ)~a(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" rowspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɚ}}
| colspan="3" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|əɾ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)~ɐ(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ə(ɹ)}}
|-
|  don'''or'''
| {{IPA|ʌə(ɹ)~ʌɹ}}
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔːr}}
| {{sc2|NORTH}}
| s'''or'''t, w'''ar'''m
| rowspan="3" | oə̯(ɹ)~ɔə̯(ɹ)~ɔo(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | oɹ
| colspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)~ɒə̯(ɹ)~ɒ(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔə(ɹ)~ɔɹ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɹ~oɹ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɻ~oɻ}}
| rowspan="3" | oɹ~ɔɹ
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | oɐ̯(ɹ)~ɔə̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | oɹ~ɔɹ
| rowspan="3" colspan="2" | o(u)ə(ɹ)
| rowspan="3" | o(u)əɹ
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| ɔə̯(ɹ)
| ɒːɹ~ɑːɹ
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɑː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | ɔː(ɹ)~ɔ̝ə(ɹ)~ɔuə(ɹ), oː(ɹ)~oʊ(ɹ)~ɔo(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|ɔːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|äːɹ~ɑːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒːɹ~oːɹ}}
| rowspan="2" colspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | oɹ
| {{IPA|ɔɾ}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|o̞ː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɹ)}}
| rowspan="3" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ɔ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɒː(ɾ)}}
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|ʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
|-
| {{sc2|FORCE}}
| t'''ore''', b'''oar''', p'''or'''t
| colspan="2" | ɔə̯(ɹ)~oɐ̯(ɹ)
| oə̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|oː(ɾ)~əː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="4" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɔːɹ}}
| {{IPA|ɒːɹ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oːɹ}}
| {{IPA|o̝(ə̯)ɾ}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|oː(ɾ)}}
|-
! {{IPA|ʊər}}
| rowspan="2" | {{sc2|CURE}}
| t'''our''', m'''oor'''
| colspan="2" | ʊə̯(ɹ)~ʊɐ̯(ɹ)
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|uə(ɹ)~ʊə(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ʊɹ~ɔɹ~oɹ}}
| {{IPA|uɻ~oɻ}}
| {{IPA|ʊu̯ə(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ïɯə(ɹ)~ʊʉ̯ə(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|əːʉ̯ə(ɹ)~oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|uə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ʊɹ~ɔɹ}}
| {{IPA|uə̯(ɾ)}}
| ʊə(ɹ)~ʊː(ɹ)~ɔː(ɹ)~ɔ̝ə(ɹ)~ɔuə(ɹ)
| uɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| oə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɾ)~<br/>uː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|uːɹ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|ʉːə(ɹ)~<br/>oː(ɹ)}}
| oɚ
| {{IPA|ʉɾ}}
| oə̯(ɾ)~oɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|ʊə̯(ɹ)~<br/>oː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|uə̯(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|uːə(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|uːə(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|ʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
|-
! {{IPA|jʊər}}
| p'''ure''', '''Eur'''ope
|juə̯(ɹ)~jʊə̯(ɹ)
|juɹ~jʊɹ
| colspan="2" | jʊə̯(ɹ)~jʊɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|jʊɹ~jɚ}}
| {{IPA|jɚ}}
| {{IPA|jɔɹ~joɹ~jɚ}}
| colspan="2" | juɐ̯(ɹ)~juə̯(ɹ)
|juɹ
| colspan="2" | juə̯(ɹ)
|juɹ~jɚ
| {{IPA|jʊu̯ə(ɹ)~joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jïɯə(ɹ)~jʊʉ̯ə(ɹ)~joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jəːʉ̯ə(ɹ)~joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|juə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|joːɹ}}
| {{IPA|jɚ~<br/>jʊɹ~jɵɹ}}
| {{IPA|juə̯(ɾ)}}
| jʊə(ɹ)~jʊː(ɹ)~jɔː(ɹ)~jɔ̝ə(ɹ)~jɔuə(ɹ)
| juɐ̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jo̞ː(ɾ)}}
| joə̯(ɹ)
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɾ)~<br/>juː(ɾ)}}
| colspan="8" | {{IPA|juːɹ}}
| colspan="3" | {{IPA|jʉːə(ɹ)~<br/>joː(ɹ)}}
| joɚ
| {{IPA|jʉɾ}}
| joə̯(ɾ)~joɐ̯(ɾ)
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|jʊə̯(ɹ)}},<br/>{{IPA|joː(ɹ)}}
| {{IPA|joː(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|jɔ(ɹ)}}
| colspan="2" | {{IPA|ɪuːə(ɾ)}}
| {{IPA|juːə(ɹ)}}~{{IPA|jʌ̈ː(ɹ)}}
|-
! [[Help:IPA/English|Dia-<br/>phoneme]]<ref name="PE"/>
! [[Lexical set|Keyword]]
! Examples
! colspan="14" | {{abbr|AmE|American English}}
! colspan="3" | {{abbr|AuE|Australian English}}
! {{abbr|BahE|Bahamian English}}
! {{abbr|BarE|Barbadian English}}
! {{abbr|CaE|Canadian English}}
! {{abbr|CIE|Channel Island English}}
! colspan="5" | {{abbr|EnE|English English}}
! {{abbr|FiE|Fiji English}}
! {{abbr|InE|Indian English}}
! colspan="8" | {{abbr|IrE|Irish English}}
! colspan="3" | {{abbr|NZE|New Zealand English}}
! {{abbr|PaE|Palauan English}}
! {{abbr|ScE|Scottish English}}
! {{abbr|SIE|Solomon Islands English}}
! colspan="3" | {{abbr|SAE|South African English}}
! {{abbr|SSE|Standard Singapore English}}
! colspan="3" | {{abbr|WaE|Welsh English}}
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Other symbols used in transcription of English pronunciation
! colspan="2" | IPA !! Explanation
|-
! colspan="2" | <big>{{IPA link|ˈ}}</big>
| Primary stress indicator (placed before the stressed syllable); for example, ''rapping'' {{IPA|/ˈræpɪŋ/}}
|-
! colspan="2" | <big>{{IPA link|ˌ}}</big>
| Secondary stress/full vowel indicator (placed before the stressed syllable); for example, ''pronunciation'' {{IPA|/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/}}
|-
! colspan="2" | <big>{{IPA link|.}}</big>
| [[Syllable]] separation indicator; for example, ''ice cream'' {{IPA|/ˈaɪs.kriːm/}} vs. ''I scream'' {{IPA|/ˌaɪ.ˈskriːm/}}
|-
! <big>[[Syllabic consonant|̩]]</big> || <big>[[Syllabic consonant|̍]]</big>
| Syllabic consonant indicator (placed under the syllabic consonant); for example, ''ridden'' {{IPA|[ˈɹɪdn̩]}}
|}



==FIFA World Cup 2022 Qualified Teams==
The top two placed teams from each of the eight groups will qualify for the knockout stage.<ref name="regulations"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Group
! width="150" | Winners
! width="150" | Runners-up
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group A|A]]
| Netherlands
| Ecuador
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group B|B]]
| England
| United States/Wales/Scotland
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group C|C]]
| Argentina
| Poland
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group D|D]]
| France
| Denmark
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group E|E]]
| Germany
| Spain
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group F|F]]
| Belgium
| Croatia
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group G|G]]
| Brazil
| Switzerland/Cameroon
|-
! [[2022 FIFA World Cup Group H|H]]
| Portugal
| Ghana/Uruguay
|}

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