Ndugu

Ndugu ni hasa mtu anayechanga na mwingine mzazi mmojawapo, lakini pia anayechanga naye babu, bibi au asili moja, kwa mfano mama mzazi ni ndugu kwa wanae.

Kwa kawaida uwepo wa ndugu katika maisha ya binadamu unasaidia kukua vizuri,^[1]^[2] ingawa pengine unaweza ukasababisha matatizo.^[3]

Katika Kiswahili, ndugu wa kiume anaitwa kaka, hasa kama ni mkubwa kuliko mhusika. Hapo mara nyingi anakubalika kuwa na haki za pekee na majukumu kwa wadogo wake na dada zake.

"Ndugu" bila ukoo mmoja

Jina "ndugu" hutumiwa pia kwa watu wasiochanga ukoo. Inaweza kutaja pia marafiki wakubwa, au watu wanaoshirikiana katika shughuli za dini au siasa. Kwa mfano Wakristo mara nyingi huitana "ndugu", kutokana na lugha iliyotumiwa katika maandiko ya Agano Jipya; vilevile wanachama wa vyama mbalimbali huitana "ndugu".

Tanbihi

�� The book Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII written by Aristotle in ¬350 B.C.E., offers a way in which people should view the relationships between biological brothers. The relationship of brothers is laid out with the following quote: "The friendship of brothers has the characteristics found in that of comrades and in general between people who are like each other, is as much as they belong more to each other and start with a lover for each other form their very birth, and in as much as those born to the same parents and brought up together and similarly educated are more akin in character; and the test of time has been applied most fully and convincingly in their case".Aristotle, and W.D Ross. "The Internet Classics Archive | Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle." The Internet Classics Archive | Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle. Classics Archive, 2009.
↑ Rogers Victor, Kelly. "Raising Ethical Kids with Insights from Plato and Aristotle." Smartparenting.com. SMRT, 26 Mar. 2014. Web. 2 Dec. 2014.
↑ Solmeyer, Anna; McHale, Susan; Crouter, Ann (Februari 2014). "Longitudinal Associations Between Sibling Relationship Qualities and Risky Behavior Across Adolescence". Development Psychology. 50: 600–610. doi:10.1037/a0033207.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

Makala bado ni mbegu. Unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuongezea habari.

[1] �� The book Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII written by Aristotle in ¬350 B.C.E., offers a way in which people should view the relationships between biological brothers. The relationship of brothers is laid out with the following quote: "The friendship of brothers has the characteristics found in that of comrades and in general between people who are like each other, is as much as they belong more to each other and start with a lover for each other form their very birth, and in as much as those born to the same parents and brought up together and similarly educated are more akin in character; and the test of time has been applied most fully and convincingly in their case".Aristotle, and W.D Ross. "The Internet Classics Archive | Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle." The Internet Classics Archive | Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle. Classics Archive, 2009.

[2] Rogers Victor, Kelly. "Raising Ethical Kids with Insights from Plato and Aristotle." Smartparenting.com. SMRT, 26 Mar. 2014. Web. 2 Dec. 2014.

[3] Solmeyer, Anna; McHale, Susan; Crouter, Ann (Februari 2014). "Longitudinal Associations Between Sibling Relationship Qualities and Risky Behavior Across Adolescence". Development Psychology. 50: 600–610. doi:10.1037/a0033207.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

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