Poland

Republik Poland
*Rzeczpospolita Polska* (Polish)
Republik Poland Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish)
	Menira Lambang menua
	Anthem: "Mazurek Dąbrowskiego"; ("Poland Bedau Alah Agi");
	Location of Poland (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey); – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
Indu menua enggau nengeri ke pemadu besai	Warsaw; 52°13′N 21°02′E / 52.217°N 21.033°E
Official language	Polish
Raban bansa (2021)	98.8% Polish 96.2% only Polish; 2.5% Polish and others; ; 1.1% only non-Polish;
Pengarap (2021)	92.9% Christianity 91.8% Catholicism; 1.1% other Christian; ; ; 6.8% no religion; 0.3% other;
Demonim	Orang Poland; Pole;
Perintah	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	Andrzej Duda
• Prime Minister	Donald Tusk
Dewan Undangan Negeri	Parliament
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Sejm
Formation
• Duchy of Poland	c. 960
• Christianization	966
• Kingdom of Poland	18 April 1025
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	1 July 1569
• Partitions of Poland	24 October 1795
• Second Republic	11 November 1918
• Government-in-exile	17 September 1939
• People's Republic	22 July 1944
• Third Republic	31 December 1989
Menua
• Pemesai	312,696 km2 (120,733 bt2) (69th)
• Ai (%)	1.48 (2015)
Penyampau tubuh
• 2021 census	39,015,321 (37th)
• Pemayuh tubuh	122/km2 (316.0/sq mi) (75th)
GDP (PPP)	2024 estimate
• Total	$1.801 trillion (20th)
• Per capita	$49,060 (39th)
GDP (nominal)	2024 estimate
• Total	$844.623 billion (21st)
• Per capita	$23,014 (45th)
Gini (2022)	26.3; low
HDI (2022)	0.881; very high · 36th
Mata duit	Złoty (PLN)
Zon jam	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy (CE)
Tisi deriba	right
Kod talipaun	+48
Kod ISO 3166	PL
TLD Internet	.pl [a]
	Also .eu, shared with other European Union member states.;

Versyen ke ulih diselak enda agi disukung lalu dipelaba bisi penyalah pengidan. Minta kemas baru tanda bup pelayar lalu kena meh fungsi selak pelayar lalai.

Poland (Jaku Poland: Polska), nama resmi iya Republik Poland,^{[lower-alpha 5]} sebengkah menua ba Eropah Tengah. Poland dibagi nyadi enam belas bengkah kandang menua lalu nyadi kaban kelima pemadu mayuh mensia dalam Serakup Eropah (EU), enggau penyampau tubuh lebih 39 juta iku, sereta menua ketujuh pemadu besai dalam EU, ke mungkur pemesai 312,696 km2 (120,733 mi persegi). Iya ngerembai ari Tasik Baltik di utara nyentuk ngagai Gunung Sudetes enggau Carpathian ba selatan, lalu bekunsi adan entara menua enggau tujuh bengkah menua.^{[lower-alpha 6]} Kandang menua tu ditanda enggau mayuh macham rampa menua, mayuh macham ekosistem, sereta iklim transisyen ti angat. Indu nengeri enggau mengeri ti pemadu besai iya nya Warsaw; nengeri besai bukai nyengkaum Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk.

Penerang

↑ "the Dąbrowski Mazurka"
↑ Multiple national identity was available in the census.
↑ "The dukes (dux) were originally the commanders of an armed retinue (drużyna) with which they broke the authority of the chieftains of the clans, thus transforming the original tribal organization into a territorial unit."^[4]
↑ "Mieszko accepted Roman Catholicism via Bohemia in 966. A missionary bishopric directly dependent on the papacy was established in Poznań. This was the true beginning of Polish history, for Christianity was a carrier of Western civilization with which Poland was henceforth associated."^[4]
↑ Templat:Lang-pl [ʐɛt͡ʂpɔsˈpɔlita ˈpɔlska] , lit.Templat:ThinspTemplat:Gloss
↑ Poland is bordered by Lithuania and Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west.

↑ Constitution of the Republic of Poland, Article 27.
↑ "National Population and Housing Census 2021 Population. Size and demographic-social structure in the light of the 2021 Census results" (in Inggeris).
↑ "Final results of the National Population and Housing Census 2021". Statistics Poland.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 "Poland". Encyclopedia Britannica. 2023. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
↑ "The Act of December 29, 1989 amending the Constitution of the Polish People's Republic". Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020. Templat:In lang
↑ GUS. "Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2023 roku". Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
↑ "Poland country profile". BBC News. 12 November 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
↑ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
↑ "National Population and Housing Census 2021". stat.gov.pl (in Inggeris). Retrieved 2024-08-06.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Poland)". International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
↑ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (in Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 19 March 2024. Archived from the original on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.

[1] "the Dąbrowski Mazurka"

[3] Multiple national identity was available in the census.

[7] "The dukes (dux) were originally the commanders of an armed retinue (drużyna) with which they broke the authority of the chieftains of the clans, thus transforming the original tribal organization into a territorial unit."^[4]

[8] "Mieszko accepted Roman Catholicism via Bohemia in 966. A missionary bishopric directly dependent on the papacy was established in Poznań. This was the true beginning of Polish history, for Christianity was a carrier of Western civilization with which Poland was henceforth associated."^[4]

[17] Templat:Lang-pl [ʐɛt͡ʂpɔsˈpɔlita ˈpɔlska] ^ⓘ, lit.Templat:Thinsp Templat:Gloss

[18] Poland is bordered by Lithuania and Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west.

[2] Constitution of the Republic of Poland, Article 27.

[2021_Census-4] "National Population and Housing Census 2021 Population. Size and demographic-social structure in the light of the 2021 Census results" (in Inggeris).

[Census_2021-5] "Final results of the National Population and Housing Census 2021". Statistics Poland.

[britannica_com-6] 4.0 ^4.1 "Poland". Encyclopedia Britannica. 2023. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 31 December 2023.

[9] "The Act of December 29, 1989 amending the Constitution of the Polish People's Republic". Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 18 October 2020. Templat:In lang

[GUS-10] GUS. "Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2023 roku". Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.

[BBC_News_2023-11] "Poland country profile". BBC News. 12 November 2023. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.

[12] "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.

[13] "National Population and Housing Census 2021". stat.gov.pl (in Inggeris). Retrieved 2024-08-06.

[IMFWEO.PL-14] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Poland)". International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2024.

[eurogini-15] "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 13 April 2024.

[HDI-16] "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (in Inggeris). United Nations Development Programme. 19 March 2024. Archived from the original on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2024.

[lower-alpha 1]