„Anandamid” változatai közötti eltérés
| [nem ellenőrzött változat] | [ellenőrzött változat] |
Tartalom törölve Tartalom hozzáadva
a névtér javítása |
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| ImageFile = Anandamide.svg |
| ImageFile = Anandamide.svg |
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| ImageSize = 240px |
| ImageSize = 240px |
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| IUPACName = (5''Z'',8''Z'',11''Z'',14''Z'')- |
| IUPACName = (5''Z'',8''Z'',11''Z'',14''Z'')-''N''-(2-)-5,8,11,14- |
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| OtherNames = |
| OtherNames = |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo = 94421-68-8 |
| CASNo = 94421-68-8 |
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| PubChem = 5281969 |
| PubChem = 5281969 |
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| SMILES = CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C<br>/C\C=C/CCCC(NCCO)=O |
| SMILES = CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C<br>/C\C=C/CCCC(NCCO)=O |
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| MeSHName = Anandamide |
| MeSHName = Anandamide |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = C<sub>22</sub>H<sub>37</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> |
| Formula = C<sub>22</sub>H<sub>37</sub>NO<sub>2</sub> |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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Az '''anandamid''' {{INN|anandamide}}, vagy '''arachidonoil-etanolamid''' '''(AEA)''', egy endogén [[kannabinoid]] [[neurotranszmitter]], amely jelen van az állati és emberi agyban. Szerkezetét [[Lumír Ondřej Hanuš]] cseh analitikai kémikus és [[William Anthony Devane]] amerikai molekuláris farmakológus derítette fel [[Izrael]]ben, a jeruzsálemi [[Hebrew University]] Raphael Mechoulam Laboratóriumában [[1992]]-ben. A név a szanszkrit ''[[ánanda]]'' szóból, melynek jelentése „öröm”, és az [[amid]] szó összetételéből ered.<ref>Devane W. A., Hanuš L., Breuer A., Pertwee R. G., Stevenson L. A., Griffin G., Gibson D., Mandelbaum A., Etinger A., Mechoulam R.: Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science 258, 1946-1949 (1992)</ref><ref>Mechoulam R., Fride E.: The unpaved road to the endogenous brain cannabinoid ligands, the anandamides in “Cannabinoid Receptors” (ed. R. Pertwee), Academic Press, London. Pp. 233-258 (1995)</ref> |
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Az '''anandamid''' {{INN|anandamide}}, vagy '''arachidonoil-etanolamid''' ('''AEA'''), egy endogén [[kannabinoid]] [[neurotranszmitter]] amely jelen van az állati és emberi agyban. |
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Szerkezetét [[Lumír Ondřej Hanuš]] cseh analitikai kémikus és [[William Anthony Devane]] |
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amerikai molekuláris farmakológus derítette fel [[Izrael]]ben a jeruzsálemi [[Hebrew University]] Raphael Mechoulam Laboratóriumában [[1992]]-ben. |
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A név a szanszkrit ''[[ananda]]'' szóból, melynek jelentése "öröm", és az [[amid]] szó összetételéből ered. <ref>Devane W. A., Hanuš L., Breuer A., Pertwee R. G., Stevenson L. A., Griffin G., Gibson D., Mandelbaum A., Etinger A., Mechoulam R.: Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science 258, 1946-1949 (1992)</ref> |
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<ref>Mechoulam R., Fride E.: The unpaved road to the endogenous brain cannabinoid ligands, the anandamides in “Cannabinoid Receptors” (ed. R. Pertwee), Academic Press, London. Pp. 233-258 (1995)</ref> |
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== Kannabinoid receptorok == |
== Kannabinoid receptorok == |
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[[Fájl:LumRaf.jpg|bélyegkép|jobbra|Raphael Mechoulam (right), discoverer of psychoactive compound, (-)-trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabionol, from Cannabis sativa L. (1964) and Lumír Ondřej Hanuš (left), discoverer of endogenous ligand, anandamide, from brain (1992). Both compounds bind to the cannabinoid receptors in the brain.]]<!-- |
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Anandamide's effects can be either central, in the brain, or peripheral, in other parts of the body. These distinct effects are mediated primarily by CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the nervous system, and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the periphery. The latter is mainly involved in functions of the immune system. |
Anandamide's effects can be either central, in the brain, or peripheral, in other parts of the body. These distinct effects are mediated primarily by CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the nervous system, and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the periphery. The latter is mainly involved in functions of the immune system. |
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Cannabinoid receptors were originally discovered as being sensitive to Δ<sup>9</sup>-[[tetrahydrocannabinol]] (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, commonly called THC), which is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid found in [[cannabis]]. The discovery of anandamide came from research into CB1 and CB2, as it was inevitable that a naturally occurring (endogenous) chemical would be found to affect these receptors. |
Cannabinoid receptors were originally discovered as being sensitive to Δ<sup>9</sup>-[[tetrahydrocannabinol]] (Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC, commonly called THC), which is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid found in [[cannabis]]. The discovery of anandamide came from research into CB1 and CB2, as it was inevitable that a naturally occurring (endogenous) chemical would be found to affect these receptors. |
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Anandamide has been shown to be involved in working memory<ref>Mallet PE, Beninger RJ. The endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist anandamide impairs memory in rats. Behav Pharmacol. 1996; 7:276-284.</ref> |
Anandamide has been shown to be involved in working memory<ref>Mallet PE, Beninger RJ. The endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist anandamide impairs memory in rats. Behav Pharmacol. 1996; 7:276-284.</ref> Studies are under way to explore what role anandamide plays in human behavior, such as eating and sleep patterns, and pain relief. |
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Anandamide is also important for implantation of the early stage [[embryo]] in its [[blastocyst]] form into the [[uterus]]. Therefore cannabinoids such as Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC might interfere with the earliest stages of human pregnancy<ref>Piomelli D. THC: moderation during implantation. ''Nat Med''. 2004 Jan;10(1):19-20. PMID 14702623</ref> |
Anandamide is also important for implantation of the early stage [[embryo]] in its [[blastocyst]] form into the [[uterus]]. Therefore cannabinoids such as Δ<sup>9</sup>-THC might interfere with the earliest stages of human pregnancy<ref>Piomelli D. THC: moderation during implantation. ''Nat Med''. 2004 Jan;10(1):19-20. PMID 14702623</ref> |
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Anandamide also is important in the regulation of feeding behavior, and the neural generation of motivation and pleasure. Both anandamide and [[exogenous]] [[cannabinoids]] like [[THC]] enhance food intake in animals and humans, an effect that is sometimes called the 'marijuana munchies.' In addition, anandamide injected directly into the [[forebrain]] reward-related brain structure [[nucleus accumbens]] enhances the pleasurable responses of rats to a rewarding sucrose taste, and enhances food intake as well. |
Anandamide also is important in the regulation of feeding behavior, and the neural generation of motivation and pleasure. Both anandamide and [[exogenous]] [[cannabinoids]] like [[THC]] enhance food intake in animals and humans, an effect that is sometimes called the 'marijuana munchies.' In addition, anandamide injected directly into the [[forebrain]] reward-related brain structure [[nucleus accumbens]] enhances the pleasurable responses of rats to a rewarding sucrose taste, and enhances food intake as well. |
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== Lásd még == |
== Lásd még == |
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* [[Tetrahidrokannabinol]] (THC) |
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* [[Tetrahydrocannabinol]] (THC) |
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== Hivatkozások== |
== Hivatkozások== |
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{{jegyzetek}} |
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<references /> |
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{{Cannabinoids}} |
{{Cannabinoids}} |
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[[Kategória: |
[[Kategória:]] |
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[[Kategória:Neurotranszmitterek]] |
[[Kategória:Neurotranszmitterek]] |
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[[Kategória:Amidok]] |
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[[en:Anandamide]] |
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[[cs:Anandamid]] |
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[[de:Anandamid]] |
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[[es:Anandamida]] |
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[[fi:Anandamidi]] |
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[[fr:Anandamide]] |
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[[he:אנאנדמיד]] |
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[[it:Anandamide]] |
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[[ja:アナンダミド]] |
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[[nl:Anandamide]] |
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[[no:Anandamid]] |
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[[pl:Anandamid]] |
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[[ru:Анандамид]] |
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[[sv:Anandamid]] |
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[[ur:Anandamide]] |
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A lap jelenlegi, 2023. június 27., 12:08-kori változata
| Anandamid | |||
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| IUPAC-név | (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-(2-hidroxietil)eikoza-5,8,11,14-tetraénamid | ||
| Más nevek | arachidonoil-etanolamid | ||
| Kémiai azonosítók | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS-szám | 94421-68-8 | ||
| PubChem | 5281969 | ||
| MeSH | Anandamide | ||
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| Kémiai és fizikai tulajdonságok | |||
| Kémiai képlet | C22H37NO2 | ||
| Moláris tömeg | 347,53 g/mol | ||
| Ha másként nem jelöljük, az adatok az anyag standardállapotára (100 kPa) és 25 °C-os hőmérsékletre vonatkoznak. | |||
Az anandamid (INN: anandamide), vagy arachidonoil-etanolamid (AEA), egy endogén kannabinoid neurotranszmitter, amely jelen van az állati és emberi agyban. Szerkezetét Lumír Ondřej Hanuš cseh analitikai kémikus és William Anthony Devane amerikai molekuláris farmakológus derítette fel Izraelben, a jeruzsálemi Hebrew University Raphael Mechoulam Laboratóriumában 1992-ben. A név a szanszkrit ánanda szóból, melynek jelentése „öröm”, és az amid szó összetételéből ered.[1][2]
Bomlásában részt vesz a zsírsavamid-hidroláz enzim (fatty acid amide hydrolase - FAAH), amely az anandamidot inaktív etanolaminná és arachidonsavvá bontja. Emiatt a FAAH gátlása megemelkedett anandamidszinthez vezet, melynek terápiás értéke lehet.
Lásd még
[szerkesztés]- Tetrahidrokannabinol (THC)
Hivatkozások
[szerkesztés]- ↑ Devane W. A., Hanuš L., Breuer A., Pertwee R. G., Stevenson L. A., Griffin G., Gibson D., Mandelbaum A., Etinger A., Mechoulam R.: Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science 258, 1946-1949 (1992)
- ↑ Mechoulam R., Fride E.: The unpaved road to the endogenous brain cannabinoid ligands, the anandamides in “Cannabinoid Receptors” (ed. R. Pertwee), Academic Press, London. Pp. 233-258 (1995)