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{{Traducción|inglés|BMT Sea Beacg Line|en}}

[[Image:Bmt triplex no 4.png|thumb|Route designation on BMT Triplex equipment|90px|right]] The '''BMT Sea Beach Line''' is a [[rapid transit]] line of the [[Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation|BMT]] division of the [[New York City Subway]], connecting the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] subway via a four-track wide open cut to [[Coney Island]] in [[Brooklyn]]. It has at times hosted the fastest express service between [[Manhattan]] and Coney Island, but now carries only local trains. On [[May 29]], [[2005]], Sea Beach trains resumed operation to [[Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (New York City Subway)|Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue]] after several years of truncation to [[Gravesend–86th Street (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Gravesend–86th Street]] while the Coney Island terminal was being reconstructed.

==Extent and service==
[[Image:KingsHighway1509a.jpg|thumb|300px|A view of the open cut from [[Kings Highway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Kings Highway]] station.]]
{{BMT Sea Beach Line}}
The modern line begins as a split from the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] at a [[flying junction]] immediately south of [[59th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|59th Street]]. Between the station and the split, [[Crossover (rail)|crossover switches]] are provided between the local and express tracks of the Fourth Avenue Line, and then the express tracks curve east under the northbound local track to become the beginning of the Sea Beach Line. After emerging from the tunnel under Fourth Avenue, the two separate Sea Beach tracks rise on either side of a ramp which formerly connected to the original line to the Brooklyn shore at 65th Street in [[Bay Ridge, Brooklyn|Bay Ridge]].

After passing the former junction with the line to the shore, the Sea Beach widens to the width of four tracks, but the southbound express track is in need of repair. All stations have two side platforms, with no platform access to the express tracks anywhere on the Sea Beach right-of-way.

The Sea Beach Line currently carries {{NYCS service|N}} trains.

===Express tracks===
The express tracks were originally intended to host the ''Coney Island Express'', a fast train to Coney Island since elevated train days. Express service was carried on these tracks twice in the line's history &mdash; for fast summer weekend expresses (1924–1952) to [[Chambers Street (BMT Nassau Street Line)|Chambers Street]] station near City Hall, and again for a short time in 1967 and 1968 to provide a fast rush-hour [[BMT Broadway Line|Broadway Line]] express service for Coney Island-area riders. Though these expresses are thought of as being Sea Beach Expresses, they did not serve a single station on the Sea Beach Line, as there are no express stations on the entire line.

The express tracks on the Sea Beach had other uses over the years. Most new equipment, especially experimental cars, was broken in on these tracks. The tracks were used for [[motorman]] training, and they also were set up with a short stretch of 1950s-era [[automation]] to test the ill-fated system later used on one track of the [[IRT 42nd Street Shuttle]].

Historically, the two express tracks were an absolute block, that is, there was no signal control between one end of the tracks near Sixth Avenue and [[Kings Highway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Kings Highway]] station. A new train was not supposed to enter the block until any train in front of it had departed the block.

The express tracks from Sixth Avenue to Kings Highway were allowed to severely deteriorate, as did much of the system from the 1970s on. In 1998, it was decided to rehabilitate the express tracks in this area, with full signalling. Only one of the tracks was repaired, however, and the other one was left for a future decision. This is why the southbound track (E3) is inaccessible from [[59th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|59th Street]] to Kings Highway. The northbound (E4) track was rehabilitated for two-way traffic from its northern end to Kings Highway and the southbound (E3) track remains unused, in need of repair. If it is repaired, it is likely that the whole track will be rebuilt from scratch since the current track is severely deformed. The Northbound express track is sometimes used for reroutes in both directions when either local track is in need of maintenance.

In the early 2000s, the express tracks have been used for non-revenue testing of the [[R143 (New York City Subway car)|R143]], [[R160A (New York City Subway car)|R160A]] and [[R160B (New York City Subway car)|R160B]] trains.

==Southern portion of the line==
Before and after [[Kings Highway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Kings Highway]], there are crossover switches to the southbound express track from the northbound express track. On both sides of Kings Highway, crossovers exist to allow express trains to switch to the local tracks before the station, or to allow local trains to switch to express after the station.

The express tracks end south of [[Gravesend–86th Street (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Gravesend–86th Street]] as the line becomes double-tracked, and cut diagonally adjacent to the [[Coney Island Complex|Coney Island Yards]]. After several [[railroad yard|yard]] connections, the line ends at the [[Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (New York City Subway)|Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue]] terminal.

==History==
[[Image:Station AvenueU.jpg|thumb|300px|Station headhouse at [[Avenue U (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Avenue U]] station.]]
The '''New York and Sea Beach Railroad''' was organized on [[September 25]], [[1876]] as a [[steam-powered]] [[excursion railroad]].{{Fact|date=March 2007}} It opened from a junction with the [[Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Railroad]] (West End Line) and concurrently-opened [[New York, Bay Ridge and Jamaica Railroad]] (Manhattan Beach Line) to Coney Island on [[July 18]], [[1877]].<ref>{{cite BDE|title=Another Line Open|md=July 17|y=1877|page=4}}</ref><ref>{{cite BDE|title=The Sea Beach Railroad|md=July 19|y=1877|page=2}}</ref> After a delay of two years, it was opened to the [[Bay Ridge Ferry]] (to [[South Ferry, Manhattan]]) on [[July 17]], [[1879]], at which time the [[Sea Beach Palace]] opened at the Coney Island end.<ref>{{cite BDE|title=Sea Beach|md=July 15|y=1879|page=2}}</ref><!--the only station mentioned is "Gunther's Junction", earlier called "Bay Ridge Junction"--><ref>{{cite BDE|title=The First Train|md=July 17|y=1879|page=4}}</ref>

Except at its two ends, the railroad used the same route as the current transit line. At the Bay Ridge end, the railroad ran just north of the [[Long Island Rail Road]]'s Bay Ridge Branch, ending at the Bay Ridge Channel around 64th Street. The current line joins this alignment near Fifth Avenue. The old railroad crossed the Bay Ridge Branch with a pronounced S-curve just east of Seventh Avenue; the crossing is now much straighter, with the Bay Ridge Branch in a deeper cut. On the Coney Island end, the original path curved left soon after the curve to the right at the northern edge of the Coney Island Yards, ending at the combined Sea Beach Palace hotel and depot, on the north side of the [[BMT Brighton Line]] at around West 10th Street.

In early 1896 the company went bankrupt, and it was reorganized on [[August 14]], [[1896]] as the '''Sea Beach Railway'''. The [[Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company]] (BRT) bought it on [[November 5]], [[1897]], along with the short [[elevated railway|elevated]] Sea View Railway on Coney Island, and assigned it by lease to the Brooklyn Heights Railroad. It was soon fitted with [[overhead lines|trolley wire]] for electric operation as a branch of the [[BMT West End Line]] from [[Bath Junction]] to Coney Island, with trains coming from [[Park Row (BMT station)|Park Row]] in Manhattan via the [[Brooklyn Bridge]] and [[BMT Fifth Avenue Line]]. [[Streetcar]]s ran over the rest of the line to Bay Ridge. In 1907, connecting tracks were built connecting to the West End Line just north of [[Coney Island Creek]] in order to bring Sea Beach trains into [[West End Terminal|West End Depot]]. The original alignment was retained for freight service only.

[[Image:Sea Beach Line.png|thumb|200px|right|Part of a 1915 brochure for the line]]
On [[June 22]], [[1915]], the new four-track open cut was completed, and subway trains started running between Coney Island and [[Chambers Street (BMT Nassau Street Line)|Chambers Street]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]. The express tracks were finished several weeks later. When the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] was extended south from the Sea Beach Line on [[January 15]], [[1916]], the Sea Beach trains were shifted to the express tracks on Fourth Avenue, with Fourth Avenue trains providing local service.

The tracks over the north side of the [[Manhattan Bridge]] opened on [[September 4]], [[1917]], along with part of the [[BMT Broadway Line]]. All Sea Beach service was moved to the new line, ending at [[14th Street–Union Square (BMT Broadway Line)|14th Street–Union Square]]. This was extended to [[Times Square–42nd Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Times Square–42nd Street]] on [[January 5]], [[1918]]. It continued to end there for many years.

In 1924 the [[Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation|BMT]] assigned numbers to its services. The ''Sea Beach Line'' service became the '''[[BMT 4|4]]'''. This has since become the {{NYCS service|N}} train; see those pages for details on service. In general, Sea Beach service has always run express in Manhattan and on Fourth Avenue in Brooklyn, ending at 42nd Street and later [[57th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|57th Street]]. The {{NYCS service|NX}} was begun in 1967 as a "super-express" from [[Brighton Beach (BMT Brighton Line)|Brighton Beach]] on the [[BMT Brighton Line]] through [[Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (New York City Subway)|Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue]], and along the Sea Beach Line express tracks to 57th Street with only seven stops between Stillwell Avenue and 57th Street, three in Brooklyn and four in Manhattan. This service was canceled quickly due to low ridership. No regular trains have used the Sea Beach express tracks since.

In later years the {{NYCS service|N}} service has been extended from 57th Street, first to [[Forest Hills–71st Avenue (IND Queens Boulevard Line)|Forest Hills–71st Avenue]] via the [[BMT 60th Street Tunnel Connection]], and later to [[Ditmars Boulevard–Astoria (BMT Astoria Line)|Ditmars Boulevard–Astoria]], which is its current terminus.

==Station listing==
{{NYCS service legend
| alltimes = show
| rushonly = show
}}
{| class="wikitable"
!{{Access icon}}
!Station
!Tracks
!Services
!Opened
!Transfers and notes
|-
!colspan=6|splits from the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Sea Beach|time=show}})
|-
|
|[[Eighth Avenue (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Eighth Avenue]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[Fort Hamilton Parkway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Fort Hamilton Parkway]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[New Utrecht Avenue (BMT Sea Beach Line)|New Utrecht Avenue]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[July 18]], [[1877]]
|[[BMT West End Line]] at [[62nd Street (BMT West End Line)|62nd Street]] ({{NYCS West End north|time=show}})
|-
|
|[[18th Avenue (BMT Sea Beach Line)|18th Avenue]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|by 1884{{Fact|date=March 2007}}
|-
|
|[[20th Avenue (BMT Sea Beach Line)|20th Avenue]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[Bay Parkway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Bay Parkway]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[Kings Highway (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Kings Highway]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[Avenue U (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Avenue U]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[June 22]], [[1915]]
|-
|
|[[Gravesend–86th Street (BMT Sea Beach Line)|Gravesend–86th Street]]
|local
|{{NYCS Sea Beach local|time=show}}
|[[August 23]], [[1915]]
|- 
|{{Access icon}}
|nowrap|[[Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (New York City Subway)|Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue]]
|all
|{{NYCS Sea Beach south|time=show}}
|[[December 13]], [[1918]]
|[[BMT Brighton Line]] ({{NYCS Brighton south|time=show}})<br>[[BMT Culver Line]] ({{NYCS Culver BMT south|time=show}})<br>[[BMT West End Line]] ({{NYCS West End far south|time=show}})
|}

==See also==
*[[Transportation to Coney Island]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
*[http://www.earlpleasants.com/search_2.asp Railroad History Database]
*Rapid Transit's Coney Island Route, [[New York Times]] November 30, 1897 page 4
*Brooklyn's Subway Will Open Today, [[New York Times]] June 19, 1915 page 18
*New Subway Opens; Mayor Not Present, [[New York Times]] June 20, 1915 page 6
*To Open New Subway Link, [[New York Times]] January 14, 1916 page 16
*Open First Section of Broadway Line, [[New York Times]] September 5, 1917 page 8
*New Subway Extension, [[New York Times]] January 6, 1918 page 37

==External links==
{{wikinews|New York City Subway N service to be restored to Coney Island May 29, via the Sea Beach Line}}
*[http://www.nycsubway.org/bmt/seabeach/ nycsubway.org - BMT Sea Beach Line]
*[http://www.nycsubway.org/bmt/history01.html nycsubway.org - Early Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, 1878 to 1913]
*[http://www.rapidtransit.net/net/faq/nyc/seabeach.html rapidtransit.net - BMT Sea Beach Express Tracks]

{{NYCS lines}}
{{NYCS navbox}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sea Beach}}

[[Category:Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation]]
[[Categoría:Líneas del metro de Nueva York]]

[[en:BMT Sea Beach Line]]
[[ru:BMT Sea Beach Line]]

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