Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔil-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
[edit]
Noun
[edit]*ʔil- m
Inflection
[edit]Declension of *ʔil-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʔilum | *ʔilāna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʔilim | *ʔilayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʔilam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʔilī / *ʔilVya | — | *ʔilVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʔilVka | *ʔilVkumā / *ʔilVkumay | *ʔilVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʔilVki | *ʔilVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʔilVšu | *ʔilVšumā / *ʔilVšumay | *ʔilVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʔilVša | *ʔilVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʔiluya for nom. case, *ʔiliya for gen. case, *ʔilaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʔil-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʔil-
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Coordinate terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒀭 (ilum)
- West Semitic:
Extended form *ʔilāh-: