砥

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砥 U+7825, 砥
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7825
← 砤
[U+7824] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 砦 →
[U+7826]

Translingual

Han character

砥 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口竹心一 (MRHPM) or 一口竹女戈 (MRHVI), four-corner 12640, composition ⿰石氐)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 828, character 37
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24093
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1243, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2424, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+7825

Chinese

trad. 砥
simp. # 砥

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (氐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
低 *tiːl
氐 *tiːl, *til
袛 *tiːl
羝 *tiːl
眡 *tiːl, *djilʔ
岻 *tiːl, *dil
奃 *tiːl
趆 *tiːl, *tiːls
柢 *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls
邸 *tiːlʔ
底 *tiːlʔ
詆 *tiːlʔ, *diːl
坻 *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil
抵 *tiːlʔ
牴 *tiːlʔ
觝 *tiːlʔ
弤 *tiːlʔ
軧 *tiːlʔ
骶 *tiːls
砥 *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils
胝 *til
疷 *til
秪 *til
泜 *dil
蚳 *dil
彽 *dil
阺 *dil
貾 *dil
祗 *tjil
厎 *tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ
茋 *tjilʔ
鴟 *tʰjil
汦 *kjeʔ, *tjil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • té - literary;
  • tí - vernacular.
    Rime
    Character 砥 砥 砥
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    Initial (聲) 章 (23) 章 (23) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 脂 (15) 支 (11) 脂 (17)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open Open Open
    Division (等) III III III
    Fanqie 旨夷切 諸氏切 職雉切
    Baxter tsyij tsyeX tsyijX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕiɪ/ /t͡ɕiᴇX/ /t͡ɕˠiɪX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕi/ /t͡ɕiɛX/ /t͡ɕᵚiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕjɪ/ /t͡ɕjɛX/ /t͡ɕiɪX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ci/ /ciə̆X/ /cjiX/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕi/ /t͡ɕieX/ /t͡ɕjiX/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕi/ /t͡ɕǐeX/ /t͡ɕiX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi/ /t͡ɕie̯X/ /t͡ɕiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhī zhǐ zhǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zi1 zi2 zi2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 砥
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhǐ
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyijX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tijʔ/
    English whetstone

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 砥 砥 砥 砥
    Reading # 1/4 2/4 3/4 4/4
    No. 2258 2271 2273 2275
    Phonetic
    component         		氐 氐 氐 氐
    Rime
    group         		歌 脂 脂 脂
    Rime
    subdivision         		2 1 1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		紙 脂 旨 至
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjelʔ/ /*tjil/ /*tjilʔ/ /*tjils/

    Definitions

    砥

    1. (literary) fine-grained whetstone
    2. † to grind; to polish
    3. † to temper oneself; to steel oneself
    4. † smooth; level; even

    Compounds

    See also

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    砥

    (Jinmeiyō kanji)

    1. whetstone, grindstone

    Readings

    Korean

    Hanja

    砥 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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