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{{also|Buffer}}
==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbʌfə(ɹ)/|[ˈbɐfə(ɹ)]|a=RP}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbʌfɚ/|a=GenAm}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-buffer.ogg|a=US}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbafə(ɹ)/|[ˈbäfə(ɹ)]|a=Australia}}
* {{audio|en|en-au-buffer.ogg|a=Australia}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌfə(ɹ)|s=2}}

===Etymology 1===

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# Someone or something that [[buff]]s {{gl|polishes and makes shiny}}.
## A [[machine]] with [[rotary]] [[brush]]es, passed over a hard floor to clean it.
## A machine for polishing shoes and boots.
# {{lb|en|slang|archaic|Ireland}} A [[boxer]].
#* '''1821''', Pierce Egan (the Elder), ''Boxiana; or, Sketches of antient and modern pugilism'' (page 117)
#*: Such a '''buffer''' as Donnelly, / Ereland never again will see.
# {{lb|en|finance}} reserves, savings.

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|buffer lass}}
* {{l|en|buffer rodeo}}
* {{l|en|circular buffer}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|someone or something that buffs}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|kiillottaja}} {{q|someone}}; {{t|fi|kiillotuskone}} {{q|machine}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====Adjective====
{{head|en|comparative adjective}}

# {{en-comparative of|buff|cap=1}}.

===Etymology 2===
Agent noun from obsolete verb {{m|enm|buff||make a dull sound when struck}} (mid-16c.), from {{der|en|fro|buffe||blow}}.

The “boatswain's mate” sense is said to be popularly explained by the mate being a “buffer”, that is intermediary, between officers and men, but various other explanations have also been proposed.<ref>''Grey Funnel Lines: Traditional Song & Verse of the Royal Navy 1900-1970'', Cyril Tawney, 2015 [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Grey_Funnel_Lines/ak5ACwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=buffer&pg=PA164] </ref>

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# Anything used to isolate or minimize the effect of one thing on another.
## {{lb|en|chemistry}} A [[solution]] used to [[stabilize]] the [[pH]] (acidity) of a [[liquid]], such as by resisting a change in pH when an [[acid]] or [[alkali]] is added.
## {{lb|en|mechanics}} Anything used to maintain [[slack]] or [[isolate]] different objects.
## {{lb|en|telecommunications}} A routine or storage medium used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow of data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one device to another.
## {{lb|en|rail}} A device on trains and carriages designed to cushion the impact between them.
##* '''1885''', {{w|W. S. Gilbert}}, ''{{w|The Mikado}}'', Act II, in ''The Mikado, and Other Plays'', New York: Modern Library, 1917, p. 42, [https://archive.org/details/mikadootherplays00gilb]
##*: The idiot who, in railway carriages, / Scribbles on window panes, / We only suffer / To ride on a '''buffer''' / In Parliamentary trains.
##* {{quote-journal|en|year=1951|month=May|title=British Railways Standard Coaches|journal=Railway Magazine|page=327|text=The underframe, which has been designed to take buffing loads of 200 tons both on the centre coupler and on the retractable side '''buffers''', consists of two centre girders from which cantilevers project to support the solebars, which in turn carry the bodyside structure.}}
##* {{quote-book|en|year=1953|author=w:C. S. Lewis|title=w:The Silver Chair|publisher=Collins|year_published=1998|chapter=14
|passage=Then, with a shock like a thousand goods trains crashing into a thousand pairs of '''buffers''', the lips of rock closed.}}
## {{lb|en|rail}} The metal barrier to help prevent trains from running off the end of the track.
##* {{quote-journal|en|date=2024 January 10|author=Christian Wolmar|title=A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262|journal=RAIL|issue=1000|page=61|text=Of course, I was not always right. I questioned the value of Crossrail (a scheme revived by Prescott after being scrapped by the Conservatives), suggesting wrongly that it may be "doomed to hit the '''buffers'''" {{...}}. A dozen years later, I published my book on it, extolling the line's wonders. We are all allowed to change our minds.}}
## An [[isolating]] [[circuit]], often an [[amplifier]], used to minimize the [[influence]] of a driven circuit on the driving circuit.
## {{lb|en|computing}} A portion of [[memory]] set aside to temporarily store [[data]], often before it is sent to an external device or as it is received from an external device.
## {{lb|en|politics|international relations}} A [[buffer zone]] (such as a demilitarized zone) or a buffer state.
## {{lb|en|figurative}} A [[gap]] that isolates or separates two things.
##* {{quote-journal|en|date=November 10, 2011
|author=Jeremy Wilson
|title=England Under 21 5 Iceland Under 21 0: match report
|work=Telegraph
|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/england/8882713/England-Under-21-5-Iceland-Under-21-0-match-report.html
|page=
|passage=An utterly emphatic 5-0 victory was ultimately capped by two wonder strikes in the last two minutes from Aston Villa midfielder {{w|Gary Gardner}}. Before that, England had utterly dominated to take another purposeful stride towards the 2013 European Championship in Israel. They have already established a five-point '''buffer''' at the top of Group Eight.}}
# {{lb|en|UK|nautical|slang}} The chief [[boatswain's mate]].
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2001|author=Mark Higgitt|title=Through Fire and Water|page=43
|passage=He decided to run for president of the POs' Mess against the '''Buffer''', Chief Bosun's Mate Mal Crane, but the two had a face-to-face in his cabin one night in Narvik and sorted it out.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2015|author=Peter Broadbent|title=A Singapore Fling: An AB's Far-Flung Adventure
|passage=I happen to be on the brow handing my Bosun's Mate duties over to an Ordinary Seaman when the '''Buffer''' arrives with an unofficial Side-Party to man the brow with Bosun's Calls at the ready.}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der2|en|buffer beam|buffer stop|buffer zone|direct buffer|non-direct buffer|bufferize|buffer zone|buffer overflow|buffer overrun|buffer underrun|buffer solution|buffer solution|buffer state|framebuffer|G-buffer|gap buffer|printer buffer|riparian buffer|stencil buffer|volatility buffer|z-buffer|bufferbloat|bufferhead|bufferless|cryobuffer|immunobuffer|multibuffer|buffer stock}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|anything used to isolate or to minimise the effects of one thing on another}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|bufro}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|puskuri}}
* French: {{t+|fr|tampon|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|pākai}}, {{t|mi|tauārai}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|búfer|m}}, {{t+|es|parachoques|m}}, {{t|es|amortiguador|m}}, {{t+|es|intercesor|m}}, {{t+|es|mediador|m}}, {{t+|es|aislador|m}}, {{t+|es|aislante|m}}
* Welsh: {{t|cy|byffer|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|solution to stabilize pH}}
* Danish: {{t|da|puffer|c}}, {{t|da|buffer|c}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|buffermengsel|n}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|bufro}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|puskuriliuos}}, {{t+|fi|puskuri}}
* French: {{t|fr|solution tampon}}
* Greek: {{t|el|ρυθμιστικό διάλυμα|n}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|bufer}}, {{t+|id|penyangga}}, {{t|id|dapar}}
* Italian: {{t|it|soluzione tampone}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|пуфер|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|mehanga whakatautika}}
* Occitan: {{t|oc|solucion tampon|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|bufor|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|solução tampão}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|tampón}}, {{t|es|solución amortiguadora}}, {{t|es|solución reguladora}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|buffert|c}}, {{t|sv|buffertlösning|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|portion of memory in computing}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|бу́фер|m}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|緩衝器|tr=huǎnchōngqì}}, {{t|cmn|缓冲区|tr=huǎnchōngqū}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|vyrovnávací paměť|f}}, {{t|cs|buffer|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|buffer|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|bufro}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|puhver}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|puskuri}}
* French: {{t+|fr|tampon|m}}, {{t+|fr|mémoire tampon|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Puffer|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ενδιάμεση μνήμη|f|sc=Grek}}, {{t|el|πρόσκαιρη μνήμη|f|sc=Grek}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|חוֹצֵץ|m|tr=hotsets}}
* Icelandic: {{t|is|biðminni|n}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|バッファ|tr=baffa|sc=Jpan}}, {{t+|ja|バッファー|tr=baffā|sc=Jpan}}
* Latin: {{t|la|conditorium intermedium|n}}, {{t|la|memoria intermedia|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|buferis}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|pūreirei}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|buffer|m}}
* Occitan: {{t|oc|memòria tampon|f}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|بافر|tr=bâfer}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|bufor|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|buffer|m}}
* Romanian: {{t|ro|memorie tampon|f}}, {{t|ro|memorie intermediară|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|бу́фер|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t|sh|međuspremnik|m}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|memoria intermedia|f}}, {{t|es|antememoria|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|buffert|c}}, {{t|sv|buffertminne}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|arabellek}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|bộ nhớ đệm}}, {{t|vi|vùng nhớ đệm}}, {{t|vi|bộ đệm}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# To use a buffer or buffers; to [[isolate]] or minimize the effects of one thing on another.
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1962|month=October|author=G. Freeman Allen|title=The New Look in Scotland's Northern Division&mdash;II|journal=Modern Railways|page=274|text=The electronic apparatus is designed to '''buffer''' up the sorted wagons in the sidings at a speed not exceeding 4.7 m.p.h.&mdash;a particularly important provision in this yard, with its substantial traffic in whisky.}}
## {{lb|en|video games}} To [[queue up]] (an input) so that it is performed immediately once it is possible.
##: {{ux|en|Some games let you '''buffer''' jumps—if you hold the jump button mid-air, your character will jump as soon as they touch the ground.}}
# {{lb|en|computing}} To store data in memory temporarily.
# {{lb|en|chemistry}} To maintain the acidity of a solution near a chosen value by adding an acid or a base.

=====Derived terms=====
{{der2|en|buffer up|bufferable|debuffer|unbuffer|prebuffer|rebuffer}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to isolate, to minimise the impacts of one thing on another}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|inperken}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|eristää}}, {{t|fi|puskuroida}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tauārai}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|amortiguar}}, {{t+|es|aislar}}, {{t+|es|interceder}}, {{t+|es|mediar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|maintain a given acidity}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|puskuroida}}
* French: {{t+|fr|tamponner}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|tamponare}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|whakatautika}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|tamponar}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|tamponar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 3===

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|colloquial}} A good-humoured, slow-witted fellow, usually an elderly man.
#* {{quote-book
|1=en
|year=1864-1865
|author=Charles Dickens
|title=Our Mutual Friend
|chapter=Book The First, chapter 2 "The Man from Somewhere"
|url=http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/dickens/charles/d54ou/complete.html#chapter2
|passage=Lastly, the looking-glass reflects Boots and Brewer, and two other stuffed '''Buffers''' interposed between the rest of the company and possible accidents.
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106045430/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/dickens/charles/d54ou/complete.html#chapter2
|archivedate=6 January 2014
}}
#* {{quote-book
|1=en
|year=1864-1865
|author=Charles Dickens
|title=Our Mutual Friend
|chapter=Book The First, chapter 10 "A Marriage Contract"
|url=http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/dickens/charles/d54ou/complete.html#chapter10
|passage=Here, too, are Boots and Brewer, and the two other Buffers; each '''Buffer''' with a flower in his button-hole, his hair curled, and his gloves buttoned on tight, apparently come prepared, if anything had happened to the bridegroom, to be married instantly.
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106045430/http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/d/dickens/charles/d54ou/complete.html#chapter10
|archivedate=6 January 2014
}}
#* {{RQ:C. S. Lewis Magician's Nephew|passage=I can’t expect two youngsters like you to find it much fun talking to an old '''buffer''' like me.}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der2|en|bufferdom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=beffru|rebuff}}

{{C|en|Operations}}

==Danish==

===Etymology===
From {{bor|da|en|buffer}}.

===Noun===
{{da-noun|en|e}}

# {{lb|da|chemistry}} {{l|en|buffer}}

====Declension====
{{da-noun-infl|en|e}}

====Synonyms====
* {{l|da|puffer}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:DDO}}

==Dutch==

===Etymology===
Borrowed from {{bor|nl|en|buffer}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ˈbʏ.fər/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-buffer.ogg}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|buf|fer}}
* {{rhymes|nl|ʏfər|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{nl-noun|m|-s|+}}

# a {{l|en|buffer}} for [[storage]]
# a buffer, [[margin]] for safety
# {{lb|nl|rail transport}} a buffer {{gloss|device on trains and carriages designed to cushion the impact between them}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|nl|bufferen}}
* {{l|nl|buffergeheugen}}
* {{l|nl|bufferstaat}}
* {{l|nl|buffervoorraad}}
* {{l|nl|bufferzone}}
* {{l|nl|geheugenbuffer}}

==Italian==
{{wikipedia|Buffer (informatica)|lang=it}}

===Etymology===
{{ubor|it|en|buffer}}.

===Noun===
{{it-noun|m|#}}

# {{lb|it|computing}} {{l|en|buffer}}
#: {{syn|it|memoria tampone}}

==Portuguese==

===Etymology===
{{ubor|pt|en|buffer}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{pt-IPA|bâfer}}

===Noun===
{{pt-noun|m|#s}}

# {{lb|pt|computing}} {{l|en|buffer}} {{gloss|memory for temporary storage}}

==Romansch==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|rm|buffar||Rumantsch Grischun|Sursilvan}}
* {{alt|rm|bufar||Sutsilvan}}
* {{alt|rm|boffar||Vallader}}

===Etymology===
{{rfe|rm}}

===Verb===
{{rm-verb}}

# {{lb|rm|Puter}} to [[blow]]

====Synonyms====
* {{qualifier|Rumantsch Grischun|Sursilvan}} {{l|rm|sufflar}}
* {{qualifier|Sutsilvan|Surmiran}} {{l|rm|zuflar}}
* {{qualifier|Puter}} {{l|rm|zufler}}
* {{qualifier|Vallader}} {{l|rm|sofflar}}

==Spanish==

===Noun===
{{es-noun|m|buffers}}

# {{lb|es|computing}} {{l|en|buffer}}

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Template:der (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:der2 (view source) (semi-protected)
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Module:IPA (view source) (template editor protected)
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Module:headword/page (view source) (template editor protected)
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Module:headword utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
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Module:labels/data/lang/da/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/en (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:labels/data/lang/en/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/es (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:labels/data/lang/es/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/it (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:labels/data/lang/it/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/nl (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:labels/data/lang/nl/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/pt (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:labels/data/lang/pt/functions (edit)
Module:labels/data/lang/rm (view source) (semi-protected)
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Module:mk-translit (view source) (semi-protected)
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Module:parameter utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:parameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:parameters/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:parameters/remove holes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:parse utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:parser (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:pron qualifier (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:pt-common (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:pt-headword (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:pt-pronunc (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:qualifier (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:qualifier/templates (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:quote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:require when needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:rhymes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:romance utilities (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:ru-common (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:ru-translit (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:script utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:script utilities/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:scripts/charToScript (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:scripts/data (view source) (autopatroller protected)
Module:scripts/recognition data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:string (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:string/char (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:string/encode entities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:string utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:syllables (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:table (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:table/listToSet (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:table tools (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:template parser (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:template parser/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:translations (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:translations/data (view source) (autopatroller protected)
Module:translations/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:transliteration/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:usex (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:usex/templates (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:utilities (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:utilities/require when needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:utilities/templates (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:wikimedia languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:wikimedia languages/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:yesno (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:zh-generateforms (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:zh-translit (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:zh/data/cmn-tag (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:zh/data/lect codes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:zh/data/st (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:zh/data/ts (view source) (semi-protected)

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