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{{Short description|Watercraft serving as floating personnel accommodation}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Cleanup|reason=tidying up required following article merge|date=February 2022}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2022}}
}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}

[[File:US Navy 031009-N-9693M-002 The U.S. Navy Barracks Craft Auxiliary Personnel Lighter Sixty One (APL-61) is moored alongside the U.S. Naval Academy's Dewey Seawall.jpg|thumb|US Navy barracks ship APL-61 in 2003]]

A '''barracks ship''' or '''barracks barge''' or '''berthing barge''', or in civilian use '''accommodation vessel''' or '''accommodation ship''', is a ship or a non-self-propelled [[barge]] containing a [[superstructure]] of a type suitable for use as a temporary [[barracks]] for sailors or other military personnel. A barracks ship, a military form of a [[dormitory ship]], may also be used as a receiving unit for sailors who need temporary residence prior to being assigned to their ship. The [[United States Navy]] used to call them '''Yard Repair Berthing and Messing''' with designations '''YRBM''' and '''YRBM(L)'''<ref name=yrbm >{{Cite web|title=YRBM – Berthing Barge|url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/yrbm.htm|access-date=2022-02-18|website=www.globalsecurity.org}}</ref> and now classes them as either '''Auxiliary Personnel Barracks''' ('''APB''') or  '''Auxiliary Personnel Lighter''' (aka barge) ('''APL''').<ref name=floatingbarracks >{{Cite web|date=2021-07-26|title=The Navy has a floating barracks that is somehow worse than living on an actual ship|url=https://taskandpurpose.com/military-tech/navy-berthing-barge/|access-date=2022-02-04|website=Task & Purpose|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Early use==
[[File:Mars-Souverain-Eylau--A Bougault.jpg|thumb|French ship [[French ship Souverain (1819)|''Souverain'']], barracks for marines]]
[[File:Constitutionasbarracksship.jpg|thumb|[[USS Constitution|USS ''Constitution'']] as a barracks ship in [[Boston]] c. 1905]]
[[File:USS Santee LOC det.4a15789.jpg|thumb|[[USS Santee (1855)|USS ''Santee'']] moored at the [[United States Naval Academy]] as a barracks ship in 1905.]]
[[File:APL-40 211016a.jpg|thumb|U.S. Navy APL-40 at [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka]] in October 2021]]
Barrack ships were common during the era of sailing ships when shore facilities were scarce or non-existent. Barrack ships were usually [[hulk (ship)|hulk]]s. At times, barrack ships were also used as [[prison ships]] for convicts, prisoners of war or civilian internees.

==Use in World War II==
''Barracks ships'' in the combat area provided necessary residence for sailors and merchantmen whose ship had been sunk, or whose ship had been so damaged that on-board berthing was no longer possible. They were also used as [[USS Orvetta (IX-157)|accommodation]] at advanced bases, and as [[USS City of Dalhart (IX-156)|mobile barracks]] for units such as construction battalions. Occasionally, they would be used for other roles such as providing [[USS Ocelot (IX-110)|office space]].

APL were non-self-propelled barracks ships, which were used by the [[United States Navy]] in forward areas during [[World War II]], especially in the Pacific Ocean, and were designated APL, such as APL-18 which was commissioned in 1944 and had the following specifications for APL-1 to APL-58:

*Displacement 1,300 t.(lt), 2,579 t.(fl)
*Length {{convert|261|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Beam {{convert|49|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Draft {{convert|11|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Complement unknown
*Accommodations 5 Officers, 358 Enlisted

The [[APL-17-class barracks ship]] covered [[APL-17-class barracks ship#Ships of class|APL-17 to APL-40]] with APL-35 to APL-40 converted to become [[Benewah-class barracks ship|Benewah-class barracks ships]].

Transport ships were also used as barracks by other war-time navies, such as the [[Kriegsmarine]]'s {{SS|General San Martin}}. One of the two abortive [[Jade-class aircraft carrier|Jade class]] auxiliary aircraft carriers (''Elbe'') was also converted into a barracks ship.

==Subsequent use==
The United Kingdom used barracks ships to help garrison the Falkland Islands after it ousted the Argentinian occupation force in the 1982 [[Falklands War]]. The former car ferries {{MV|St Edmund}} and {{ship|TEV|Rangatira|1971|6}} were deployed to [[Port Stanley]] in 1982, and ''Rangatira'' stayed until September 1983.<ref name=NZMaritime>{{cite web |url=http://www.nzmaritime.co.nz/r4.htm |last=Castell |first=Marcus |title=The Turbo Electric Vessel Rangatira of 1971 |publisher=The New Zealand Maritime Record |date=2003–2005 |access-date=29 May 2013 |archive-date=14 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914030656/http://www.nzmaritime.co.nz/r4.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

''Rangatira'' is also an example of a civilian accommodation ship. She and another former ferry, [[MV Leinster (1937)|MV ''Odysseus'']], housed workers who built an [[oil platform]] in [[Loch Kishorn#Kishorn Yard|Loch Kishorn]] in Scotland in 1977–1978, and ''Rangatira'' housed workers who built [[Sullom Voe Terminal]] in the [[Shetland Islands]] in 1978–1981.<ref name=NZMaritime/>

==Post World War II USN use==

A large number of [[United States Navy]] barges survived World War II<ref name=yrlist >{{Cite web|title=Repair Barges (YR, YRB, YRBM, YRDH, YRDM, YRR)|url=http://shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/yr.htm}}</ref> and continued to act in a support role. Some were used by the "[[Brown Water Navy]]" of the United States during the [[Vietnam War]] as bases for specialized river boats. The barge YRBM-18 (later renamed to APL-55) received the [[Presidential Unit Citation (US)|Presidential Unit Citation]] for service during the [[Vietnam War]] from 6 December 1968 to 31 March 1969.

The following Yard Repair types have been created:<ref name=yrlist />
* Floating Workshops are YR, 96 built, 24 built before ww2
* Repair and Berthing Barges are YRB, 36 built
* Repair, Berthing and Messing Barges were YRBM, 56 built
* Dry-Dock Workshops – Hull are YRDH, 8 built
* Dry-Dock Workshops – Machinery are YRDM, 8 built
* Radiological Repair Barges are YRR, 14 built. Used to support nuclear plant overhauls of [[Nuclear marine propulsion|nuclear ships and submarines]], also refueling and decontamination of used equipment.

The YRB and YRBM barges were renames as Auxiliary Personnel Lighters (APL)<ref name=floatingbarracks /> and are available to temporarily house personnel off ships. The 70 ships are assigned to the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) to bases around the world (Norfolk and Portsmouth, Virginia; San Diego; Bremerton, Washington ; Mayport, Florida; Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; Yokosuka and Sasebo in Japan; and Guam).

===APL 65 class===

The United States Navy placed a contract for two APL 65 berthing barges in August 1998 which were delivered to the Navy in November and December 2000. The APL 65 berthing barges include post office, barber shop, bank, classrooms, laundry, medical facilities and fitness services.<ref name=70year>{{Cite web|title=Navy to Replace 70-Year-Old Berthing Barges|url=https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2017/7/12/navy-to-replace-70-year-old-berthing-barges|access-date=2022-02-04|website=www.nationaldefensemagazine.org|language=en}}</ref>

===APL 67 class===

The older berthing barges are being replaced by five newer ships of the APL 67 class which are being purpose built by [[VT Halter Marine]].<ref name=70year /><ref>{{Cite web|title=APL 67 Sails Away From Pascagoula|url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Media/News/SavedNewsModule/Article/2701956/apl-67-sails-away-from-pascagoula/|access-date=2022-02-04|website=Naval Sea Systems Command|language=en-US}}</ref> The first contract was awarded in September 2018 with APL 67 launched in June 2020 and delivered to the USN in August 2021 followed by APL 68 which was delivered in November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=APL 67|url=https://www.nvr.navy.mil/SHIPDETAILS/SHIPSDETAIL_APL_67.HTML|access-date=4 February 2022|website=[[Naval Vessel Register]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=APL 68|url=https://www.nvr.navy.mil/SHIPDETAILS/SHIPSDETAIL_APL_68.HTML|access-date=4 February 2022|website=[[Naval Vessel Register]]}}</ref>

*Displacement: 2,744 t
*Length:  {{convert|269|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Beam {{convert|69|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Draft {{convert|16|ft|m|abbr=on}}
*Accommodations: 600 (5 Officers, 358 Enlisted)

The APL67 fleet is planned to be 14 in total. 26 'medium' APLs are also planned.<ref name="20222-11-22_M" />

On 21 November 2022, the Navy accepted APL68, saying it would support the impending [[USS Harry S. Truman]] carrier repair cycle.<ref name="20222-11-22_M">[https://www.military.com/daily-news/2022/11/22/new-temporary-home-uss-truman-sailors-features-more-privacy-better-computer-access-navy-says.html New Temporary Home for USS Truman Sailors Features More Privacy, Better Computer Access, Navy Says], Military.com, 20222-11-22</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Type B ship]]
*[[Floating battery]]
*[[Rhino ferry]]
*{{slink|List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy#Self-Propelled Barracks Ships (APB)}}
*{{slink|List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy#Barracks Craft (APL)}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
*{{DANFS}}

==External links==
*[http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/71/7118.htm NavSource Photo Archives – Barracks Craft (APL)]

{{Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries}}
{{Benewah class barracks ship}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barracks Ship}}
[[Category:Barracks ships]]
[[Category:Ship types]]
[[Category:Naval ships]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

MV St Edmund (edit)
SS General San Martin (edit)
TEV Rangatira (1971) (edit)
USS Accomac (APB-49) (edit)
USS Colleton (edit)
USS Dorchester (APB-46) (edit)
USS Echols (edit)
USS Kingman (edit)
USS Marlboro (edit)
USS Mercer (APL-39) (edit)
USS Nueces (edit)
USS Presque Isle (edit)
USS Vanderburgh (APB-48) (view source)
USS Wythe (APB-41) (view source)
USS Yavapai (APB-42) (view source)
USS Yolo (edit)
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