George C. Perkins

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George C. Perkins
Portrait by I. W. Taber c. 1901
United States Senator from California
In office July 26, 1893 – March 3, 1915
Appointed by	Henry Markham
Preceded by	Leland Stanford
Succeeded by	James D. Phelan
14th Governor of California
In office January 8, 1880 – January 10, 1883
Lieutenant	John Mansfield
Preceded by	William Irwin
Succeeded by	George Stoneman
Member of the California Senate from the 24th district
In office November 5, 1872 – January 8, 1873
Preceded by	David Boucher
Succeeded by	William C. Hendricks
In office December 6, 1869 – December 8, 1871
Preceded by	Multi-member district
Succeeded by	David Boucher
Personal details
Born	(1839-08-23)August 23, 1839 Kennebunkport, Maine, U.S.
Died	February 26, 1923(1923-02-26) (aged 83) Oakland, California, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse	Ruth Parker
Children	7
Profession	Entrepreneur

George Clement Perkins (August 23, 1839 – February 26, 1923) was an American businessman and politician. A member of the Republican Party, Perkins served as the 14th governor of California from 1880 to 1883, and as United States Senator from California from 1893 to 1915. He also served in the California State Senate.^[1]

Perkins was born in 1839 in Kennebunkport, Maine, the son of Lucinda (Fairfield) and Clement Perkins. Perkins ran away to sea at age twelve, eventually arriving in San Francisco in 1855. After making an unsuccessful effort at staking a mining claim in Butte County, Perkins worked a succession of jobs in Sacramento and the mining town of Oroville, including driving a mule team and working as a store clerk. Perkins eventually bought the Oroville store he clerked at, and was soon grossing $500,000 a year.^[2]

Perkins was elected to California State Senate in 1869, representing Butte County. While in serving in the Senate in Sacramento, Perkins met businessman Charles Miner Goodall, with whom Perkins would form what would become the Pacific Coast Steamship Company.^[2]

Leaving his Oroville business to be operated by his brother, Perkins moved to San Francisco in 1875 and expanded his interests in the shipping industry.^[2]

Perkins sought the Republican nomination for governor in 1879 and ran a successful campaign emphasizing his purported independence from railroad interests given his interests in shipping, a competing industry.^[2]

During Perkins' term as governor, former Civil War general John Mansfield served as his lieutenant governor.^[3]

Perkins was appointed to the Senate by Governor Henry Markham in 1893 following the death of Leland Stanford.^[2][4] As a Senator, Perkins was a part of the powerful Southern Pacific political machine, commonly called the Southern Pacific Political Bureau, headed by Southern Pacific chief counsel William F. Herrin.^[2][5][6]

Perkins is buried alongside his wife Ruth Parker Perkins in Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, California.^[7]

Perkins married Ruth Parker, the daughter of his business partner Edward Parker, on May 3, 1864, in Marysville. Born in 1843 in County Cork, Ireland, she immigrated to California with her family at age eight. An avid reader of poetry, Ruth Perkins had several poems of her own published in magazines and newspapers. She died on February 4, 1921, in Oakland, California.^[8]

Perkins and his wife Ruth had seven children.^[8] Mount Perkins in California is named after him.

• Media related to George Clement Perkins at Wikimedia Commons
• George Clement Perkins Papers. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

• United States Congress. "George C. Perkins (id: P000232)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• Works by George C. Perkins at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)