Coix

Coix
	Coix lacryma-jobi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Panicoideae
Supertribe:	Andropogonodae
Tribe:	Andropogoneae
Subtribe:	Coicinae; Rchb. ex Clayton & Renvoize
Genus:	Coix; L.
Type species
	Coix lacryma-jobi; L.
Synonyms
	Lachrymaria Heist. ex Fabr.; Lachryma-jobi Ortega; Lithagrostis Gaertn.; Lacryma Medik.; Sphaerium Kuntze;

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Coix /ˈkoʊɪks/ is a genus of Asian and Australian plants in the grass family.^[3]^[4]

The best-known species is Coix lacryma-jobi, widely called Job's tears. Its variety Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen is cultivated in many warm regions as a source of food, medicine, and ornamentation.^[5]^[6]

The generic name is from Ancient Greek κόϊξ (koix), which originally referred to the doum palm (Hyphaene thebaica); the fruits of the doum palm resemble the diaspores of Coix.^[7]

Species

^[2]^[8]

Coix aquatica Roxb. - China (Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi), Indian Subcontinent, Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia; naturalized in New Guinea
Coix gasteenii B.K.Simon - northern Queensland
Coix lacryma-jobi L. - China, Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia; naturalized in other parts of Asia as well as in southern Europe, Africa, the Americas, and various oceanic islands

Formerly Included

^[2] see Chionachne Polytoca Tripsacum

Coix angulata - Tripsacum dactyloides
Coix barbata - Chionachne gigantea
Coix crypsoides - Chionachne gigantea
Coix dactyloides - Tripsacum dactyloides
Coix gigantea J.Koenig 1788 not J.Koenig ex Roxb. 1932 - Chionachne gigantea
Coix heteroclita - Polytoca digitata
Coix koenigii - Chionachne gigantea
Coix sulcata - Chionachne punctata

Formerly included in

This genus was formerly placed in the Maydeae, now known to be polyphyletic.^{[Sch 1]}

Proteins and expression

Members of this genus produce their own variety of α-zein prolamins. These prolamins have undergone unusually rapid evolutionary divergence from closely related grasses, by way of copy-number changes.^{[Sch 2]}

References

^ lectotype designated by Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 187 (1929)
^ ^a ^b ^c "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". wcsp.science.kew.org.
^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 972 in Latin
^ "Tropicos". www.tropicos.org.
^ Hill, A.F. 1952. Economic Botany, McGraw-Hill
^ Arora, R. K., 1977, "Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - a minor food and fodder crop of northeastern India." Economic Botany, Volume 31, issue 3, pages 358–366.
^ Clifford, Harold T.; Bostock, Peter D. (May 16, 2007). Etymological Dictionary of Grasses. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540384342 – via Google Books.
^ "Search results — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.

Schnable, James C. (2015-04-29). "Genome Evolution in Maize: From Genomes Back to Genes". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 66 (1). Annual Reviews: 329–343. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-043014-115604. ISSN 1543-5008. PMID 25494463.

^ p. 331, "Maize and Tripsacum were previously grouped with a number of other grasses that have monoecious flowering patterns — the most widely known being Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) — into the Maydeae (74); however, molecular data revealed that this grouping was polyphyletic (61)."
^ p. 335, "Clusters of locally duplicated genes can also expand and contract rapidly, as shown by investigation of the 22-kDa α zein gene families in maize, sorghum, and coix, which appear to have experienced independent copy-number amplifications since the divergence of these three species (107)."

External links

The World Online Grass Flora Grassbase: Coix

This Panicoideae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This Medicinal plants-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] totype designated by Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 187 (1929)

[t-2] "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". wcsp.science.kew.org.

[3] Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 2: 972 in Latin

[4] "Tropicos". www.tropicos.org.

[5] Hill, A.F. 1952. Economic Botany, McGraw-Hill

[6] Arora, R. K., 1977, "Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - a minor food and fodder crop of northeastern India." Economic Botany, Volume 31, issue 3, pages 358–366.

[7] Clifford, Harold T.; Bostock, Peter D. (May 16, 2007). Etymological Dictionary of Grasses. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540384342 – via Google Books.

[8] "Search results — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.

[Maydeae-9] . 331, "Maize and Tripsacum were previously grouped with a number of other grasses that have monoecious flowering patterns — the most widely known being Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) — into the Maydeae (74); however, molecular data revealed that this grouping was polyphyletic (61)."

[alpha-zein-10] . 335, "Clusters of locally duplicated genes can also expand and contract rapidly, as shown by investigation of the 22-kDa α zein gene families in maize, sorghum, and coix, which appear to have experienced independent copy-number amplifications since the divergence of these three species (107)."

[1]