User:The man from Gianyar/Sandbox II

Wilopo
Official portrait, 1958
7th Prime Minister of Indonesia
In office 3 April 1952 – 1 August 1953
Deputy	Prawoto Mangkusasmito
Preceded by	Soekiman Wirjosandjojo
Succeeded by	Ali Sastroamidjojo
Ministerial offices Minister of Defense Ad interim In office 2 June – 1 August 1953 Preceded by Hamengkubuwono IX Succeeded by Iwa Kusumasumantri Minister of Foreign Affairs Ad interim In office 3 April – 29 April 1952 Preceded by Achmad Soebardjo Succeeded by Mukarto Notowidigdo 9th Minister of Economic Affairs In office 16 July 1951 – 3 April 1952 Preceded by Sujono Hadinoto Succeeded by Soemanang 4th Minister of Labor In office 20 December 1949 – 21 January 1950 Preceded by Koesnan Succeeded by Soeroso
Legislative offices Speaker of the Constitutional Assembly In office 20 November 1956 – 5 July 1959 Member of the Constitutional Assembly In office 9 November 1956 – 5 July 1959 Member of the People's Representative Council In office 24 March – 1 December 1956
Advisory offices Chairman of the Supreme Advisory Council In office 4 March 1968 – 31 March 1978 Member of the Supreme Advisory Council In office 4 March 1968 – 31 March 1978
Personal details
Born	(1909-08-21)21 August 1909 Purworejo, Kedu Residency, Dutch East Indies
Died	1 June 1981(1981-06-01) (aged 71) Jakarta, Indonesia
Resting place	Tanah Kusir Cemetery
Political party	Partindo (1932–1936) Gerindo (1937–1942) PNI (1946–1973) PDI (1973–1981)
Spouse	Soemikalimah ​ (m. 1937)​
Alma mater	Rechts Hogeschool (Mr.)
Occupation	Politician lawyer

Wilopo (21 October 1909 – 1 June 1981) was an Indonesian politician and lawyer. A capable administrator, he served as prime minister of Indonesia from 1952 to 1953. He also held various other positions during his career, including as Minister of Labor, Minister of Economic Affairs, speaker of the Constitutional Assembly, and chairman of the Supreme Advisory Council.

Born into a Muslim family in Purworejo, Wilopo attended the Rechts Hogeschool in Batavia (now Jakarta), during which time he became involved in educational and nationalist groups. After graduating, he worked as a lawyer and was active in the Indonesian nationalist movement, becoming involved in the Partindo and Gerindo political parties. During the Japanese occupation period (1942–1945), Wilopo became an official in the occupation government and was a figure in both the Putera and Suishintai organizations. Following the proclamation of Indonesian Independence in 1945, Wilopo joined the newly formed Republican government, first as an aide to Jakarta Mayor Suwiryo, then as a member of the Central Indonesian National Committee. During the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949), he joined the Indonesian National Party and was appointed Junior Minister of Labor in 1947. He later became Minister of Labor (1949–1950) and Minister of Economic Affairs (1951–1952) within an independent Indonesia.

In 1952, after the downfall of the Soekiman Cabinet, Wilopo became prime minister by forming a coalition government with the Masyumi Party and several minor political parties. The resulting Wilopo Cabinet was a "business cabinet"^[a] composed of ideologically compatible ministers at the risk of uncertain party and parliamentary support. As prime minister, Wilopo introduced an election bill, lifted martial law in most of the country, released political prisoners, and implemented various measures to balance the budget, including introducing import restrictions and raising surcharges. However, opposition to his demobilization scheme led to the 17 October affair which greatly weakened the cabinet's political standing.

In 1953, the government's attempts at resolving a land dispute in North Sumatra led to the Tanjung Morawa affair which saw the deaths of five peasants in a clash with police. Outrage over the incident led to a cabinet crisis which resulted in the downfall of the cabinet. After his premiership, Wilopo remained active in politics. In 1955, he was elected to the Constitutional Assembly, becoming the body's first and only speaker. In 1959, the assembly was dissolved by presidential decree, as it was unable to promulgate a permanent constitution. Thereafter, Wilopo left politics and didn't return until 1968, when he was appointed to the DPA. He also chaired the Commission of Four, an anti-corruption commission, in 1970. He left government office in 1978. He died in 1981 and was buried in Tanah Kusir Cemetery.

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