Petalite: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Petalite-mun05-92b.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Petalite from Paprok, Nuristan Province, Afghanistan (size: 7.3 x 2.9 x 2.4 cm)]] |
[[File:Petalite-mun05-92b.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Petalite from Paprok, Nuristan Province, Afghanistan (size: 7.3 x 2.9 x 2.4 cm)]] |
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Discovered in 1800, type locality: [[Utö, Sweden|Utö Island]], [[Haninge]], [[Stockholm, Sweden]]. The name is derived from the Greek word petalon, which means ''leaf''.<ref name=Mindat/> |
Discovered in 1800, type locality: [[Utö, Sweden|Utö Island]], [[Haninge]], [[Stockholm, Sweden]]. The name is derived from the Greek word petalon, which means ''leaf''.<ref name=Mindat/> |
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| last = D'Andraba | journal = Journal de chimie et de physique | volume = 51| date = 1800 ([[Mesisidore]] an VIII}} |
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Economic deposits of petalite are found near [[Kalgoorlie]], [[Western Australia]]; [[Aracuai]], [[Minas Gerais]], [[Brazil]]; [[Karibib]], [[Namibia]]; [[Manitoba]], [[Canada]]; and [[Bikita]], [[Zimbabwe]]. |
Economic deposits of petalite are found near [[Kalgoorlie]], [[Western Australia]]; [[Aracuai]], [[Minas Gerais]], [[Brazil]]; [[Karibib]], [[Namibia]]; [[Manitoba]], [[Canada]]; and [[Bikita]], [[Zimbabwe]]. |
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Revision as of 06:43, 28 June 2013
| Petalite | |
|---|---|
 Petalite from Minas Gerais State, Brazil (size: 3x4 cm) | |
| General | |
| Category | Tectosilicate |
| Formula (repeating unit) | LiAlSi4O10 |
| Strunz classification | 09.EF.05 |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic |
| Space group | Monoclinic prismatic H-M symbol: (2/m) Space group: P 2/a |
| Unit cell | a = 11.737 Å, b = 5.171 Å, c = 7.63 Å; β = 112.54°; Z = 2 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Colorless, grey, yellow, pink, to white |
| Crystal habit | Tabular prismatic crystals and columnar masses |
| Twinning | Common on {001}, lamellar |
| Cleavage | Perfect on {001}, poor on {201} with 38.5° angle between the two |
| Fracture | Subconchoidal |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 6 - 6.5 |
| Luster | Vitreous, pearly on cleavages |
| Streak | Colorless |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent to translucent |
| Specific gravity | 2.4 |
| Optical properties | Biaxial (+) |
| Refractive index | nα=1.504, nβ=1.510, nγ=1.516 |
| Birefringence | δ = 0.012 |
| 2V angle | 82 – 84° measured |
| Melting point | 1350 °C[1] |
| Fusibility | 5 |
| Solubility | Insoluble |
| References | [2][3][4][5] |
Petalite, also known as castorite, is a lithium aluminium tectosilicate mineral LiAlSi4O10, crystallizing in the monoclinic system. Petalite is a member of the feldspathoid group. It occurs as colourless, grey, yellow, yellow grey, to white tabular crystals and columnar masses. Occurs in lithium-bearing pegmatites with spodumene, lepidolite, and tourmaline. Petalite is an important ore of lithium, and is converted to spodumene and quartz by heating to ~500 °C and under 3 kbar of pressure in the presence of a dense hydrous alkali borosilicate fluid with a minor carbonate component.[6] The colorless varieties are often used as gemstones.
Discovery and occurrence
Discovered in 1800, type locality: Utö Island, Haninge, Stockholm, Sweden. The name is derived from the Greek word petalon, which means leaf.[4]<ref>D'Andraba (1800 (Mesisidore an VIII). "Des caractères et des propriétés de plusieurs nouveaux minérauxde Suède et de Norwège , avec quelques observations chimiques faites sur ces substances". Journal de chimie et de physique. 51: 239. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
Economic deposits of petalite are found near Kalgoorlie, Western Australia; Aracuai, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Karibib, Namibia; Manitoba, Canada; and Bikita, Zimbabwe.
The first important economic application for petalite was as a raw material for the glass-ceramic cooking ware CorningWare.[citation needed] It has been used as a raw material for ceramic glazes.
References
- ^ "Petalite". Digital Fire. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
- ^ Handbook of Mineralogy
- ^ Webmineral
- ^ a b Mindat
- ^ *Hurlbut, Cornelius S. and Klein, Cornelis, 1985, Manual of Mineralogy, Wiley, 20th ed., pp. 459-460 ISBN 0-471-80580-7
- ^ Framework silicates: silica minerals, feldspathoids and the zeolites (2. ed. ed.). London: Geological Soc. 2004. p. 296. ISBN 1-86239-144-0.
{{cite book}}:|edition=has extra text (help);|first=missing|last=(help)
select an article title from: Wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica