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{{short description|Destroyer of the Regia Marina}}
{{other ships|Italian destroyer Ostro}}

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=RIN Ostro.jpg
|Ship caption=''Ostro'' outside Taranto
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Ship country=[[Kingdom of Italy]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy}}
|Ship name= ''Ostro''
|Ship namesake= [[Ostro]], southerly wind
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Gio. Ansaldo & C.|Ansaldo]], [[Genoa]]
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=29 April 1925
|Ship launched= 2 January 1928
|Ship sponsor=Miss Batina Negrotto
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=9 June 1928
|Ship commissioned=9 October 1928
|Ship identification=OT
|Ship motto=''Allo sbaraglio''
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Sunk, 20 July 1940
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Header caption=(as built)
|Ship class={{sclass|Turbine|destroyer}}
|Ship displacement=*{{cvt|1090|t|LT|lk=on}}  ([[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]])
*{{cvt|1700|t|LT|-1}} ([[full load]])
|Ship length= {{convert|93.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam= {{convert|9.2|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught= {{convert|3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=*3 [[Thornycroft boiler]]s
*{{Cvt|40000|shp|lk=on}}
|Ship propulsion=2 shafts; 2 geared [[steam turbine]]s
|Ship speed={{convert|33|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range= {{convert|3200|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|14|kn}}
|Ship complement=179
|Ship armament=* 2 × twin [[120 mm Italian naval gun#45-calibre OTO 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns]]
* 2 × single [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|{{cvt|40|mm|in|1}}]] [[AA gun]]s
* 1 × twin [[Breda Model 1931 Machine Gun|{{cvt|13.2|mm}} machine guns]]
* 2 × triple {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s
* 52 [[naval mine|mines]]
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''''Ostro''''' was one of eight {{sclass|Turbine|destroyer|2}}s built for the {{lang|it|[[Regia Marina]]}} (Royal Italian Navy) during the 1920s. She was named after a southerly wind, [[Ostro]], common in the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] and [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic]]. The ship played a minor role in the [[Spanish Civil War]] of 1936–1937, supporting the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]].

== Design and description ==
The ''Turbine''-class destroyers were enlarged and improved versions of the preceding  {{sclass|Sauro|destroyer|4}}. They had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|93.2|m|ft|0|sp=us}}, a beam of {{convert|9.2|m|ftin|sp=us}} and a mean [[draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|3|m|ftin|sp=us}}.<ref name=w9>Whitley, p. 161</ref> They displaced {{convert|1090|t|LT|sp=us|lk=on}} at [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]] load, and {{convert|1700|t|LT|sp=us|-1}} at [[deep load]]. Their complement was 12 officers and 167 enlisted men.<ref name="f8" />

The ''Turbine''s were powered by two [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] geared [[steam turbine]]s, each driving one propeller shaft using steam supplied by three [[Thornycroft boiler]]s. The turbines were rated at {{convert|40000|shp|lk=on}} for a speed of {{convert|33|kn|lk=in}} in service,<ref name=g0>Roberts, p. 299</ref> although her [[sister ship]]s reached speeds in excess of {{convert|36|kn}} during their [[sea trial]]s while lightly loaded.<ref>McMurtrie, p. 280</ref> They carried enough [[fuel oil]] to give them a range of {{convert|3200|nmi|lk=in}} at a speed of {{convert|14|kn}}.<ref name="w9" />

Their [[main battery]] consisted of four [[120 mm Italian naval gun#50-calibre Ansaldo 1926|{{convert|120|mm|in|sp=us|adj=on}}]] guns in two twin-[[gun turret]]s, one each fore and aft of the [[superstructure]].<ref name=f8>Fraccaroli, p. 47</ref> [[Anti-aircraft warfare|Anti-aircraft (AA) defense]] for the ''Turbine''-class ships was provided by a pair of [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|{{convert|40|mm|in|1|adj=on|sp=us}}]] [[AA gun]]s in single mounts [[amidships]] and a twin-gun mount for [[Breda Model 1931 Machine Gun|{{convert|13.2|mm|adj=on|sp=us}} machine guns]]. They were equipped with six {{convert|533|mm|in|adj=on|sp=us|0}} [[torpedo tube]]s in two triple mounts amidships.<ref name="g0" /> The ''Turbine''s could carry 52 [[naval mine|mines]].<ref name="f8" />

== Construction and career ==
[[File:RIN Ostro launch in 1928.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|''Ostro'' being launched in Genoa in 1928]]
''Ostro'' was [[laid down]] by [[Gio. Ansaldo & C.]] at their [[Genoa]] [[shipyard]] on 29 April 1925, [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 2 January 1928 and completed on 9 October.<ref name="w9" /> Upon her completion, ''Ostro'', together with other vessels of her class conducted exercises in the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]] and visited [[Monaco]] to attend the celebrations of the local Italian community.<ref name="m1">[http://www.trentoincina.it/mostrapost.php?id=82 History of brothers Pini service on ''Ostro'']</ref> Together with {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1927|2}} the ship was assigned to the 1st Squadron of the I Destroyer Flotilla based at [[La Spezia]].<ref name=rm1>Ramoino 2011, p. 74</ref>  In 1929 she carried out a training cruise of the coast of Spain, and in 1930 another one in the [[Dodecanese]] and [[Aegean Sea]].<ref name="m1" /><ref name="m2">[http://www.trentoincina.it/dbunita2.php?short_name=Ostro Destroyer ''Ostro'']</ref> In 1931 ''Ostro'' together with  {{ship|Italian destroyer|Turbine|1927|2}},  {{ship|Italian destroyer|Aquilone|1927|2}} and  {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1927|2}} as well as older {{ship|Italian destroyer|Daniele Manin||2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Giovanni Nicotera||2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Pantera||2}} formed 1st Destroyer Flotilla, part of II Naval Division.<ref name=rm2>Ramoino 2011, p. 75</ref> In 1934 after another reorganization ''Ostro'' as well as {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1927|2}} were again reunited, now forming the 4th Destroyer Squadron, part of II Naval Division.<ref name=rm3>Ramoino 2011, p. 84</ref>

=== Spanish Civil War ===
After the Civil War started in Spain in July 1936, both [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]] and [[Nazi Germany]] supported the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]] of General Franco, whereas [[Soviet Union]] was actively supporting the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republicans]]. During the first year of the war, the Soviets used the Republican controlled ports of [[Bilbao]] and [[Santander, Spain|Santander]] in the North of Spain adjacent to the French border, but after their fall in the summer of 1937, the USSR was forced to use ports in the Mediterranean to continue supplying the Republicans. Both Italy and Germany deployed their submarines in the Mediterranean in early 1937 to interdict with Republican shipping, but without much success. On 3 August 1937 Franco made an urgent plea with Mussolini to use the Italian fleet to prevent the passage of a large Soviet transport convoy, which just departed from [[Odessa]].<ref name=usmm>{{cite web |url=http://www.aidmen.it/topic/884-il-blocco-navale-italiano-nella-guerra-di-spagn/ |title=Il Blocco Navale Italiano nella Guerra di Spagna (Agosto – Settembre 1937)|last=Mattesini |first=Francesco |date=3 August 2017 |access-date=January 2, 2018}}</ref> Originally, only submarines were supposed to be used, but Mussolini was convinced by Franco to use Italian surface ships too against the Soviets. The Italian blockade was put into effect immediately, with two cruisers, {{ship|Italian cruiser|Armando Diaz||2}} and {{ship|Italian cruiser|Luigi Cadorna||2}}, eight torpedo boats and eight destroyers, including ''Ostro'' being deployed in and around the [[Strait of Sicily]] and [[Strait of Messina]].<ref name="usmm" />

In the evening of 13 August 1937 ''Ostro'', under command of captain Teodorico Capone, while patrolling off [[Bizerte]], just north of the island of [[Linosa]], spotted and attacked Spanish Republican steamer {{SS|Conde de Abásolo||2}} sailing from [[Cartagena, Spain|Cartagena]] to [[Odessa]] in ballast. At 20:43 the Spanish ship was struck by a torpedo and sank in the position {{coord|36|13|N|12|52|E||}}, off [[Pantelleria]]. Twenty-three members of the ship's crew were picked up by the British steamer {{SS|City of Wellington||2}}, and landed in [[Algiers]] on 17 August.<ref name="usmm" />

On 30 August 1937 {{ship|Italian destroyer|Turbine|1927|2}}, under command of captain Virgilio Rusca, was on patrol together with ''Ostro'', when they encountered Soviet steamer {{SS|Timiryazev||2}} around 16:00. The destroyers continued shadowing the ship until the darkness fell, and around 21:00 {{ship|Italian destroyer|Turbine|1927|2}} launched two torpedoes at the Soviet vessel, and ''Ostro'' launched one. The cargo ship was hit by two torpedoes in quick succession and rapidly sank in the position {{coord|36|57|N|03|58|E||}}, approximately 74 miles east of Algiers.<ref name="usmm" /> Two lifeboats with all 29 survivors were towed to [[Dellys]] by local fishing boats, and successfully reached the shore at 01:00 on 31 August. The Soviet steamer was not a blockade runner, and was transporting 2,834 tons of coal from Cardiff to Port Said.

On 3 September ''Ostro'' escorted the Republican freighter {{MV|Mar Negro||2}}'','' which had been captured nationalist members of her crew, from [[Cagliari]] to Cape Spartivento where the ship was transferred into the custody of the Nationalist armed merchant cruiser ''Jaime I'' who took the freighter to [[Palma de Mallorca]].<ref name="usmm" /> The merchant was later converted into an auxiliary cruiser on Franco's navy service.<ref>González Etchegaray, Rafael (1977). ''La Marina Mercante y el Trafico Maritimo en la Guerra Civil''. Editorial San Martin, Madrid, p. 203. {{ISBN|84-7140-150-9}} {{in lang|es}}</ref>

In September 1937 the [[Nyon Conference]] was called by [[France]] and [[Great Britain]] to address the "underwater piracy" conducted against merchant traffic in the Mediterranean. On 14 September an agreement was signed establishing British and French patrol zones around [[Spain]] (with a total of 60 destroyers and airforce employed) to counteract aggressive behavior by submarines. [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]] was not directly accused, but had to comply with the agreement and suspend the maritime operations.

=== World War II ===
{{See also|Battle of the Espero Convoy}}
At the time of [[Kingdom of Italy|Italy]] entrance into [[World War II]] on 10 June 1940, ''Ostro'' together with sister ships {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}}, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Borea|1927|2}} formed 2nd Destroyer Squadron based at [[Taranto]].<ref>Brescia, p. 44</ref>

On 27 June 1940 ''Ostro'' sailed from [[Taranto]] at 22:45 for the first war mission, along with {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} and the squadron leader {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} (commanded by Captain [[Enrico Baroni]]). The three vessels were to transport to [[Tobruk]] two anti-aircraft batteries (10 [[Breda Model 35]] cannons in all), {{convert|120|ST|t|abbr=on}} of ammunition (450,000 rounds) and 162 members of the [[Blackshirts|Voluntary Militia for Territorial Security]].<ref name="oh">O'Hara, p.32</ref>

On 28 June 1940 at 12:10, about {{convert|50|mi|nmi km|lk=on|abbr=on}} west of [[Zakynthos]], the convoy was sighted by a British reconnaissance [[Short Sunderland]] plane.<ref name="g3">Green & Massignani, p 63</ref> As they were within striking range of the British 7th Cruiser Squadron, composed of light cruisers {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}}, {{HMS|Orion|85|2}}, {{HMS|Neptune|20|2}}, {{HMS|Gloucester|62|2}} and {{HMAS|Sydney|D48|2}}, Admiral John Tovey ordered them to intercept the Italians. The Italian column was sighted by the Allied ships around 18:30, about 100 miles north of [[Tobruk]], and at 18:36 {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}} opened fire from {{convert|22000|yd|m|abbr=on}} at the surprised Italian flotilla.<ref name="oh1">O'Hara, p.33</ref> At 18:59 {{HMS|Orion|85|2}} also opened fire from {{convert|18000|yd|m|abbr=on}}. The Italian destroyers were theoretically faster than the British cruisers, but due to their age and heavy cargo on board their speed advantage was nullified. In addition, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}}'s third boiler turned out to be defective, limiting the destroyer's speed to just {{convert|25|kn|lk=in}}.<ref name="oh1" /> Captain Baroni, therefore, decided to sacrifice his {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} in order to cover the escape of ''Ostro'' and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}}, and ordered them to disengage and sail for [[Benghazi]] at full speed. {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} laid smokescreens and conducted evasive maneuvers, engaging {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}}'s division with guns, and simultaneously firing three torpedoes at {{HMS|Orion|85|2}}.<ref name="oh1" /> While {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}} and {{HMS|Gloucester|62|2}} took on {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}}, the other three cruisers tried to get around the smokescreens to attack the fleeing ''Ostro'' and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}}, but were ordered to abandon their pursuit and concentrate on {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} instead. Due to zigzagging {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} managed to avoid being hit, but by 19:20 the range between her and {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}} had shortened to {{convert|14000|yd|m|abbr=on}}. In fact, Italians drew first blood, when a single Italian {{convert|4.7|in|mm|abbr=on}} shell hit {{HMS|Liverpool|C11|2}} just 3&nbsp;ft above the waterline, with splinters penetrating the warheads of two torpedoes, but caused little damage otherwise.<ref name="g1">Green & Massignani, p 65</ref><ref name="oh1" /> Despite heavy firing, {{ship|Italian destroyer|Espero|1927|2}} was not hit until 20:00, when her engine rooms were struck bringing the vessel to a stop.<ref name="g2" /> The 7th Squadron expended about 5,000 shells, more than 1,600 of main caliber, before the Italian destroyer was sunk, after 130 minutes of fierce fighting. {{HMAS|Sydney|D48|2}} rescued 47 out of 225 men from the Italian destroyer, and thirty six more escaped on rafts, but only six of them were later found alive by Italian submarine {{ship|Italian submarine|Topazio||2}} almost 20 days later.<ref>De la Sierra, p 62</ref><ref name="g2" /> Captain Baroni died aboard his ship, and was [[Posthumous recognition|posthumously]] awarded the [[Gold Medal of Military Valor|''Medaglia d´oro al valor militare'']].<ref name="g2">O'Hara, p. 34</ref>

In the morning of 29 June 1940 ''Ostro'' and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} arrived in [[Benghazi]] before proceeding to [[Tobruk]] where they arrived on 1 July.<ref name="g2" />

Another Italian convoy sailed to Tobruk on 30 June 1940 from Augusta carrying troops, supplies, ammunition and fuel. The convoy consisted of six cargo and passenger ships and was escorted by 6 destroyers and 4 torpedo boats.<ref name=hg>Gustavsson, pp.95-96</ref> The Royal Navy failed to intercept this convoy, in large part due to the large ammunition expenditure in their previous confrontation. On 5 July 1940 there were seven {{sclass|Turbine|destroyer|2}}<nowiki/>s berthed in Tobruk harbor together with four torpedo boats, six freighters and several auxiliary vessels.<ref name="hg" /> Between 10:00 to 11:15 a [[Short Sunderland]] reconnaissance plane overflew the harbor at an altitude of 1,500-2,000 meters and despite the anti-aircraft fire opened against it, confirmed the presence of numerous ships in the harbor. In the late afternoon a group of nine [[Fairey Swordfish]] torpedo bombers of [[813 Naval Air Squadron]] took off from the airfield in [[Sidi Barrani]] and headed towards Tobruk.<ref name="db" /> The air alarm was sounded at 20:06 but the Italians failed to detect the Allied aircraft until they were already over the harbor at 20:20.<ref name="hg" /> Destroyers had most of their personnel on board steamers ''Liguria'' and ''Sabbia'' with exception of dedicated air defense crews.<ref name="pm">Franco Prosperini in ''Storia Militare'' No. 208 (January 2011), pp.4-10.</ref> The attack commenced a few minutes later, and lasted only seven minutes and resulted in five Italian ships being sunk or damaged.<ref name="hg" /> Not encountering any aerial opposition, British torpedo bombers attacked from low altitude (around 100 feet), and released their torpedoes from 400–500 meters away, almost point-blank.<ref name="pm" /> {{ship|Italian destroyer|Zeffiro|1927|2}} was attacked first by a plane piloted by Nicholas Kennedy, whose torpedo hit the destroyer in the bow, around the ammunition depot, between the bridge and a 120&nbsp;mm cannon.<ref name="pm" /> The explosion broke the ship into two and sank it half an hour later. Freighter {{SS|Manzoni||2}} was also hit, capsized and sank, while {{ship|Italian destroyer|Euro|1927|2}} and steamer {{SS|Serenitas||2}} were hit, and had to be beached, and the ocean liner {{SS|Liguria||2}} was hit and damaged. Two planes also attacked other destroyers, but failed to launch their torpedoes due to intense anti-aircraft fire.<ref name=db>Brown, pp. 38–39</ref> The air alarm was canceled at 21:31, and by that time all nine British planes were far away.

==== Sinking ====
On 19 July 1940 British command, believing that the light cruiser {{ship|Italian cruiser|Giovanni delle Bande Nere||2}}, damaged during the [[Battle of Cape Spada]], had taken refuge in Tobruk, decided to launch a new bomber attack against the base.<ref name=hg1>Gustavsson, pp.111-112</ref> ''Ostro'' along with {{ship|Italian destroyer|Nembo|1927|2}} and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Aquilone|1927|2}} were berthed at the same location as during the 5 July raid. Most personnel was on board steamers {{SS|Liguria||2}} and {{SS|Sabbia||2}} with exception of dedicated air defense crews. Around 17:00 twelve [[Bristol Blenheim]] bombers from [[No. 55 Squadron RAF|55 Squadron]] and [[No. 211 Squadron RAF|211 Squadron]] RAF bombed the northern part of the harbor, slightly damaging an anti-aircraft battery and the port's facilities, and losing one aircraft.<ref name=rm4>{{cite web | title = 1940:L'estate degli "Swordfish", Part 2 | first=Franco |last=Prosperini | pages=18–20 |url = http://www.avia-it.com/act/rassegna_aeronautica/rassegna/Editoriali_luglio_2011/L%27estate_degli_swordfish.pdf | access-date = 2017-12-21 }}{{dead link|date=August 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="hg1" /> At 18:56 a seaplane from the [[700 Naval Air Squadron]] launched by the British battleship {{HMS|Warspite|03|2}} appeared to investigate results of the bombing. The seaplane was immediately targeted by anti-aircraft batteries, and shot down.<ref name="rm4" /><ref name="hg1" /> At 21:54 Tobruk was put on alert again after receiving reports from the Bardia and Sidi Belafarid advanced listening stations. Around 22:30 6 [[Fairey Swordfish]] torpedo bombers from the [[824 Naval Air Squadron]] FAA appeared in the skies above Tobruk harbor and were met with strong anti-aircraft fire. This forced the planes to make several passes over the area trying to avoid the fire, and also to acquire the targets, the situation exacerbated by a fairly cloudy night.<ref name="rm4" /> The British finally managed to sort out their objectives by about 01:30 on 20 July and assumed attack formation at low altitude. At 01:32 steamer {{SS|Sereno||2}} was struck in the stern by a torpedo, launched from a plane, piloted by squadron commander F.S. Quarry, causing her to slowly sink.<ref name="rm4" /> At 01:34 ''Ostro'' was hit in her stern ammunition depot by a torpedo launched from a plane piloted by S. F. Fullmore, causing the ship to go ablaze and sink ten minutes later.<ref name="rm4" /> {{ship|Italian destroyer|Nembo|1927|2}} was hit by a torpedo at 01:37 and sank.<ref name="rm4" /> The British lost one plane in the attack which crash-landed on the way back in the Italian controlled territory.<ref name="hg1" />

''Ostro'''s crew suffered 42 casualties, with 2 officers and 40 NCOs and sailors being missing or killed in the attack. 20 more people were wounded, including commander Zarpellon.

The guns from both ''Ostro'' and {{ship|Italian destroyer|Nembo|1927|2}} were later removed and used by Italians to reinforce defenses of [[Bardia]].

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"
|+ Ships sunk by ''Ostro''
|-
! Date
! Ship
! Flag
! Tonnage
! Ship Type
! Cargo
|-
| 13 August 1937
| {{SS|Conde de Abásolo||2}}
| {{flagicon|Spanish Republic}}
| 3,122 GRT
| Freighter
| in ballast
|-
| colspan=3 align=right|'''Total:'''||3,122 GRT||colspan=2|
|}

== Notes ==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{cite book|last=Brescia|first=Maurizio|title=Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45|year=2012|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=978-1-59114-544-8}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown |first=David |title=The Royal Navy and the Mediterranean: Vol.I: September 1939 – October 1940 |year=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn= 978-1-135-28154-0}}
*{{cite book |last1=Fraccaroli |first1=Aldo |title=Italian Warships of World War II |date=1968 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton, UK |isbn=0-7110-0002-6}}
*{{cite book|last1=Greene|first1=Jack|last2=Massignani|first2=Alessandro|title=The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940–1943|publisher=Chatham Publishing|location=London|year=1998| name-list-style=amp|isbn=1-86176-057-4}}
*{{cite book|last=Gustavsson |first=Hakan |title=Desert Prelude 1940–41: Early Clashes |year=2010 |publisher=Casemate Publishers |isbn= 978-8389450524}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=McMurtrie |editor1-first=Francis E. |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 1937 |date=1937 |publisher=Sampson Low |location=London |oclc=927896922}}
*{{cite book|last=O'Hara|first=Vincent P.|year=2009|title=Struggle for the Middle Sea: The Great Navies at War in the Mediterranean Theater, 1940–1945|publisher=Naval Institute Press| location=[[Annapolis, Maryland]]|isbn=978-1-59114-648-3 }}
*{{cite journal |last=Ramoino |first=Pier Paolo | title = La Regia Marina Tra le due Guerre Mondiali |journal=Rivista Marittima |issue=Supplement | url = http://www.marina.difesa.it/conosciamoci/editoria/marivista/Documents/2011/09_settembre/La_Regia_Marina.pdf |date=September 2011| access-date = 2017-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829073653/http://www.marina.difesa.it/conosciamoci/editoria/marivista/Documents/2011/09_settembre/La_Regia_Marina.pdf |archive-date=29 August 2018}}
*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946|editor1-last=Chesneau |editor1-first=Roger |publisher=Mayflower Books|location=New York|year=1980|isbn=0-8317-0303-2 |chapter=Italy |last1=Roberts |first1=John|pages=280–317}}
* {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2|author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
* {{cite book|first=M. J.|last=Whitley|title=Destroyers of World War 2: An International Encyclopedia |year=1988|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|isbn=1-85409-521-8|author-link=Michael J. Whitley}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.marina.difesa.it/noi-siamo-la-marina/mezzi/mezzi-storici/Pagine/LMNO/ostro2.aspx Ostro (1928)] Marina Militare website

{{Portal bar|Italy|Engineering}}
{{Turbine class destroyer}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ostro}}
[[Category:Turbine-class destroyers]]
[[Category:World War II destroyers of Italy]]
[[Category:1928 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built by Gio. Ansaldo & C.]]
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[[Category:Maritime incidents in July 1940]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
[[Category:Destroyers sunk by aircraft]]
[[Category:Ships sunk by British aircraft]]
[[Category:Naval magazine explosions]]

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