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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=Nivose 1.jpg
|Ship caption=Frigate ''Nivôse''
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=France
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|France|naval}}
|Ship name=''Nivôse''
|Ship namesake=Month of [[Nivôse]]
|Ship ordered=9 January 1990
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Chantiers de l'Atlantique]]
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=16 January 1991
|Ship launched=10 August 1991
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=16 October 1992
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship maiden voyage= 
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=[[Port des Galets]], [[Réunion]]
|Ship identification=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship honors=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=
|Ship status= In service
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Floréal|frigate}}
|Ship displacement=* {{convert|2600|LT|t|lk=on|abbr=on|order=flip}} 
* {{convert|2950|LT|t|abbr=on|order=flip}} full load
|Ship length={{convert|93.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|14|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draught={{convert|4.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=* 4 × SEMT Pielstick 6 PA6 L280 BPC [[diesel engine]]s
* {{convert|8820|hp|lk=on|abbr=on|order=flip}}
* 2 shafts, 1 × {{convert|272|hp|abbr=on|order=flip}} [[bow thruster]]
|Ship speed={{convert|20|kn|lk=in}}
|Ship range=*{{convert|9000|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}
|Ship endurance=
|Ship troops=24 marines
|Ship complement=90
|Ship sensors=
* DRBV-21C (Mars) air sentry radar
* Racal Decca RM1290 navigation radar
* Racal Decca RM1290 landing radar
|Ship EW=* ARBG-1A Saïgon
* 2 Dagaie decoy systems
|Ship armament=* 2 [[Exocet]] MM38 missiles (removed)
* 1 × [[French 100 mm naval gun|100 mm CADAM turret]] with Najir fire control system
* 2 × [[20 mm modèle F2 gun]]s
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=1 × [[Eurocopter Panther]] helicopter
|Ship aircraft facilities=[[Flight deck]] and [[hangar]]
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''''Nivôse''''' is a {{sclass|Floréal|frigate}} ({{langx|fr|frégate de surveillance}}) of the [[French Navy]]. The frigate is the third ship of the class and the fourth French vessel named after the fourth month of the [[French Republican Calendar|Republican Calendar]]. ''Nivôse'' was constructed by [[Chantiers de l'Atlantique]] at [[Saint-Nazaire]], France, in 1991 and entered service in 1992. The frigate is stationed at [[Réunion]] in the Indian Ocean for patrol duties.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/les-floreal-auront-un-successeur-specifique |title=Les Floréal auront un successeur spécifique |work=meretmarine.com |language=French |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |trans-title=The Floréals will have a specific successor |date=12 July 2017 |access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref>

==Design and description==
The {{sclass|Floréal|frigate}}s were designed in response to a demand for a cheap warship capable of operating in low threat areas and able to perform general patrol functions. As a result, the ''Floréal'' class were constructed to mercantile standards in the areas of ammunition stowage, helicopter facilities and damage control, which significantly lowered the cost of the vessels. The ''Floréal'' class were designed for  using modular construction which shortened their building times.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|pp=119–120}}

''Nivôse'' has a [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard displacement]] of {{convert|2600|LT|t|lk=on|order=flip}} and {{convert|2950|LT|t|order=flip}} at full load. The frigate measures {{convert|85.2|m|ftin}} [[Length between perpendiculars|long between perpendiculars]] and {{convert|93.5|m|ftin}} [[Length overall|overall]] with a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|14|m|ftin}} and a [[Draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|4.3|m|ftin|abbr=on}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}}{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=119}} Due to the frigate's broad beam, the ship is equipped with fin stabilisers.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=120}}

The frigate is powered by a [[Combined diesel and diesel|combined diesel and diesel (CODAD)]] system comprising four [[SEMT Pielstick]] 6 PA6 L280 BPC [[diesel engine]]s driving two shafts each turning a LIPS [[controllable pitch propeller]]. The CODAD system is rated at {{convert|8820|hp|lk=on|order=flip}} The vessel is also equipped with one {{convert|272|hp|order=flip|adj=on}} [[bow thruster]]. Due to the mercantile construction design, the four diesels are all located within one machinery room for ease of maintenance. Both [[diesel fuel]] and TR5 [[aviation fuel]] is brought aboard at a single location at the stern compared to naval-constructed vessels which sport two. The ship also has three {{convert|750|kW|abbr=on}} diesel-electric generators located just fore and aft of the machinery room.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=120}}{{sfn|Massicot|2010|pp=53–54}} ''Nivôse'' has a maximum speed of {{convert|20|kn|lk=in}} and a range of {{convert|9000|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}}

''Nivôse'' was armed with two [[Exocet]] MM38 [[surface-to-surface missile]]s in launchers situated centrally atop the midships [[superstructure]].{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}} However, at the end of the missile's life cycle in 2014, the launchers were removed as the [[French Navy]] did not intend to replace the capability aboard the ships.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/les-fregates-de-surveillance-evoluent |title=Les frégates de surveillance évoluent |language=French |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |trans-title=Surveillance frigates are evolving |work=meretmarine.com |date=26 November 2015 |access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> The ship also mounts one [[French 100 mm naval gun|100 mm CADAM turret]] with the Najir fire control system located forwards and two [[20 mm modèle F2 gun]]s situated in atop the aft superstructure. The ship is equipped with DRBV-21C (Mars) air sentry, Racal Decca RM1290 navigation and Racal Decca RM1290 landing [[radar]]s along with ARBG-1A Saïgon communications intercept, CSF ARBR 16A radar intercept electronic surveillance systems and two Dagaie decoy systems.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}} 

[[File:Nivose3.jpg|thumb|Stern of ''Nivôse'' showing her [[Eurocopter Panther|Panther]] helicopter]]
The frigate is equipped with a {{convert|30|by|15|m|adj=on}} helicopter [[Flight deck#Helicopter pad|landing pad]] located on the stern and a {{convert|10|by|15|m|adj=on}} [[hangar]].{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}}{{sfn|Massicot|2010|p=55}} The ship is capable of operating the embarked [[Eurocopter AS565 Panther]] or [[Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin|Dauphin N3]] up to [[Sea state#WMO sea state code|sea state 5]].{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}}{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=120}} ''Nivôse'' is capable of operating helicopters up to the size of the [[Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma]].{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}} Based out of Réunion, she most commonly operates the AS565 Panther.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/operations/forces-prepositionnees/forces-souverainete/forces-armees-zone-sud-locean-indien |title=Forces armées dans la Zone-sud de l'océan Indien |language=fr |publisher=Ministère des Armées |trans-title=Armed Forces in the South Indian Ocean Zone |access-date=14 November 2022}}</ref> The ship has a complement of 90 including the aircrew and officers and 24 marines with capacity for a further 13 personnel.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}}

== Construction and career ==
''Nivôse'' was ordered as part of the second pair on 9 January 1990 from [[Chantiers de l'Atlantique]] for construction at their yard in [[Saint-Nazaire]], France, and the [[keel]] was [[Keel laying|laid down]] on 16 January 1991. The frigate was built using modular construction methods which reduced the vessel's construction time. ''Nivôse'' was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 10 August 1991 and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] into the French Navy on 16 October 1992.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|pp=119–120}}{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}} Following [[sea trial]]s, ''Nivôse'' sailed for [[Arsenal de Lorient]], [[Lorient]] where the weapons and sensors were installed and underwent further trials.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=120}}

After entering service, ''Nivôse'' was based at [[Port des Galets]], [[Réunion]] to patrol France's Pacific territories.{{sfn|Saunders|2009|p=258}} In December 2000, the frigate caught the fishing vessel ''Vedra'' illegally fishing south east of [[Kerguelen]]. After taking control of ''Vedra'' and heading for [[Port des Galets]], the two ships came upon another vessel, ''Grand Prince'', illegally fishing. ''Grand Prince'' was halted and boarded and all three vessels sailed for Réunion. On 27 July 2001, while sailing off the coast of Somalia, ''Nivôse'' received a distress call from ''Diana'', which was afire. The crew of ''Diana'' had abandoned ship and were in the water in heavy seas. The frigate dispatched its helicopter and the 16 crew were rescued of which 15 were transported to the cargo ship {{ship||Maersk San Jose}}. The sixteenth crew member was taken to ''Nivôse'' to receive medical treatment. In October 2001, ''Nivôse'' was deployed in the [[Persian Gulf]] as part of [[Operation Enduring Freedom]].<ref name=netmarine>{{cite web |url=http://www.netmarine.net/bat/fregates/nivose/actu.htm |title=Histoire et actualités de la frégate ''Nivôse'' |trans-title=Frigate Nivôse history and news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106171644/http://www.netmarine.net/bat/fregates/nivose/actu.htm |archive-date=2008-11-06 |url-status=dead |work=netmarine.net |language=French |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Nivose1.jpg|thumb|''Nivôse'' departing [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]]]]
In January 2003, ''Nivôse'' intercepted and captured the fishing vessel ''Lince'' off the Kerguelen coast after it was spotted illegally fishing for [[toothfish]]. ''Lince'', a vessel known for [[illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing|illegal fishing]], was found to have {{convert|160|t}} of toothfish aboard and was taken to Port des Galets under escort by both ''Nivôse'' and the patrol vessel {{ship|French patrol vessel|La Boudeuse||2}}. In March 2004, the frigate was deployed in support of Madagascar after [[Typhoon Galifo]] hit the island nation. Later that year in September, ''Nivôse'' with the patrol vessel {{ship|French patrol vessel|La Rieuse||2}}, intercepted a flotilla of six Japanese fishing vessels illegally fishing in French waters. Two Japanese ships were boarded,  ''Koryu Maru 38'' and ''Chokyu Maru 38'', and {{convert|150|t}} of illegally caught [[tuna]] was found in their [[Hold (compartment)|holds]]. The two fishing vessels were escorted into Port des Galets. In November 2004, the frigate intercepted the Taiwanese fishing vessel ''Ruey Shyang 11'' after it was spotted illegally fishing {{convert|130|mi|order=flip}} southwest of Réunion. In 2006, the frigate underwent a three-month long maintenance period at [[Dubai]].<ref name=netmarine/> 

In late 2008, under [[frigate captain]] {{Langx|fr|capitaine de frégate}} Jean-Marc Le Quilliec,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2008/12/02/alerte-aux-pirates-a-bord-du-nivose_1125786_3210.html |title=Piraterie : une nuit d'alerte sur le ''Nivôse'' |work=Le Monde |language=French |first=Gérard |last=Davet |trans-title=Piracy: a night of alert on the "Nivôse" |date=2 December 2008 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> ''Nivôse'' was deployed as part of a [[European Union]] expeditionary force, [[Operation Atalanta]], in the [[Gulf of Aden]] to fight [[Piracy in Somalia|piracy off Somalia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/04/yemen.pirates/index.html?iref=topnews |title=Suspected pirates rescued in Gulf of Aden |work=CNN |date=5 December 2008 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> On 12 April 2009, ''Nivôse'' relieved her [[sister ship]] {{ship|French frigate|Floréal||2}} as part the operation. On 15 April 2009, she captured eleven pirates {{convert|900|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Mombasa]], and thwarted an attack on the Liberian-registered merchantman {{MV|Safmarine Asia||2}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8000447.stm |title=French warship captures pirates |work=BBC News |date=15 April 2009 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/04/15/somalia.pirates/index.html |title=French capture 11 suspected pirates; Greek ship freed |work=CNN |date=15 April 2009 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> On 3 May 2009, 900&nbsp;km off Somalia, the crew managed to lure pirates to attack the ship by sailing into the sun to avoid being identified and mistaken for a merchant vessel; as the pirates closed in, ''Nivôse'' turned about and launched a helicopter and fast outboard vessels. Eleven pirates were captured.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/05/03/kenya.pirates |title=Pirates seized after threatening French navy ship |work=CNN |date=3 May 2009 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2009/05/03/somalie-la-marine-francaise-capture-onze-pirates_1188254_3212.html |title=Somalie : la marine française capture onze pirates |work=Le Monde |language=French |trans-title=Somalia: The French Navy captures eleven pirates |date=3 May 2009 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8031701.stm |title=Somali pirate suspects captured |work=BBC News |date=3 May 2009 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> From 5 to 7 March 2010, joining mission forces from France, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain and Sweden, ''Nivôse'' intercepted four [[mother ship]]s and arrested 35 pirates in three days off Somalia. The frigate sank two of the mother ships.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=87&art_id=nw20100309020612247C690576 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20130421230625/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=87&art_id=nw20100309020612247C690576 |url-status= dead |archive-date= 21 April 2013 |title= European naval forces capture more pirates |access-date= 9 March 2010 |date= 9 March 2010 |publisher= [[Independent Online (South Africa)]] |quote= Six pirate action groups have been intercepted, mother ships and skiffs have been destroyed and over 40 pirates have been taken into custody}} </ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2010/03/05/une-fregate-francaise-coule-deux-bateaux-de-pirates-somaliens_1314811_3212.html |title=Une frégate française coule deux bateaux de pirates somaliens |work=Le Monde |language=French |trans-title=French frigate sinks two Somali pirate ships |date=5 March 2010 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

On 29 March 2014, ''Nivôse'' intercepted five fishing vessels illegally fishing off [[Juan de Nova Island]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lemarin.ouest-france.fr/articles/detail/items/iles-eparses-cinq-navires-malgaches-surpris-en-peche-illicite.html |title=Îles Éparses : cinq navires malgaches surpris en pêche illicite |language=French |trans-title=Scattered Islands: five Malagasy vessels caught in illegal fishing |work=Le Marin |date=9 April 2014 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> During the night of 29/30 September 2014, ''Nivôse'' was severely damaged by a fire off Réunion which broke out in the engine room. ''Floréal'' assisted in firefighting operations. The ship was disabled and ''Nivôse'' was towed first by ''Floréal'' and then by the [[tugboat]] ''Bougainville'' into Port des Galets.<ref name=Fire>{{cite web |url=http://worldmaritimenews.com/archives/138784/french-frigate-extensively-damaged-by-violent-fire/ |title=French Frigate Extensively Damaged by Violent Fire |work=World Maritime News |date=6 October 2014 |access-date=6 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/la-fregate-nivose-serieusement-endommagee-par-un-incendie |title=La frégate Nivôse sérieusement endommagée par un incendie |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |work=Mer et Marine |language=French |trans-title=The frigate Nivôse seriously damaged by fire |date=6 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> The frigate was taken to Mauritius to undergo repairs. The ship returned to service after nearly 13 months in November 2015.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/nivose-la-marine-nationale-recupere-une-fregate-presque-neuve |title=Nivôse : La Marine nationale récupère une frégate presque neuve |language=French |work=Mer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |trans-title=Nivôse: The French Navy receives an almost new frigate |date=20 November 2015 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

In March 2019, the frigate and the [[amphibious assault ship]] {{ship|French ship|Tonnerre|L9014|2}} were sent to Mozambique as part of France's response for humanitarian aid after [[Typhoon Idai]] hit the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/content/le-tonnerre-et-le-nivose-en-mission-humanitaire-au-mozambique |title=Le Tonnerre et le Nivôse en mission humanitaire au Mozambique |language=French |work=Meer et Marine |last=Groizeleau |first=Vincent |trans-title=Tonnerre and Nivôse on a humanitarian mission in Mozambique |date=26 March 2019 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref> On 25 September 2019, ''Nivôse'' intercepted a [[dhow]] in the Indian Ocean. During the search of the vessel, {{convert|2.5|t}} of [[cannabis]] resin was found and seized.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/reunion/fregate-nivose-intercepte-plus-2-tonnes-drogue-754335.html |title=La frégate "Nivôse" intercepte plus de 2 tonnes de drogue |language=French |work=francetvinfo.fr |trans-title=The frigate "Nivôse" intercepts more than 2 tonnes of drugs |date=28 September 2019 |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>

On 6 December 2020, the frigate rendezvoused with the sailing vessel ''Yes We Cam!'' during the [[Vendée Globe|Vendée Globe 2020–2021]] in order to transfer a sailor whose yacht had broken up during the race.<ref>{{Cite web|title=News - When Two Become One, Escoffier Transferred Off Yes We Cam! - Vendée Globe - En|url=https://www.vendeeglobe.org/en/news/20834/when-two-become-one-escoffier-transferred-off-yes-we-cam|access-date=2020-12-06|website=vendeeglobe.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=News - Kevin Escoffier Rescued by fellow Vendée Globe competitor Jean Le Cam - Vendée Globe - En|url=https://www.vendeeglobe.org/en/news/20690/kevin-escoffier-rescued-by-fellow-vendee-globe-competitor-jean-le-cam|access-date=2020-12-06|website=vendeeglobe.org}}</ref>

From October to December 2022, ''Nivôse'' conducted a two-month patrol in the region, including carrying out sovereignty protection operations around [[Mayotte]] and operating in conjunction with the {{sclass|La Fayette|frigate|1}} {{ship|French frigate|Aconit|F 713|2}} in anti-drug trafficking operations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine/actualites/bilan-du-deploiement-fs-nivose-ocean-indien |title=Bilan du déploiement de la FS Nivôse en océan Indien |language=fr |trans-title=Assessment of the deployment of FS Nivôse in the Indian Ocean |publisher=Marine nationale |date=19 December 2022 |access-date=20 December 2022}}</ref>

==Citations==
{{Portal|France}}
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book |author1-last=Jordan |author1-first=John |name-list-style=amp |chapter=France |year=1995 |editor1-last=Chumbley |editor1-first=Stephen |title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=1-55750-132-7 |pages=95–131}}
* {{cite book |last=Massicot |first=Jean |year=2010 |title=Navires de guerre et marine française |language=French |publisher=Desnoel |location=Toulon, France |isbn=978-1-4461-4597-5 }}
* {{cite book |editor-last=Saunders |editor-first=Stephen |year=2009 |title=Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 |publisher=Jane's Information Group Inc. |edition=112 |location=Alexandria, Virginia |isbn=978-0-7106-2888-6 }}

{{Floréal class frigate}}
{{2014 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nivose}}
[[Category:Floréal-class frigates]]
[[Category:1991 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in France]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 2014]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Constandis (wreck) (edit)
French frigate Aconit (F 713) (edit)
French frigate Floréal (edit)
French frigate Germinal (edit)
French frigate Prairial (edit)
French frigate Vendémiaire (edit)
French frigate Ventôse (edit)
French patrol vessel La Boudeuse (view source)
French patrol vessel La Rieuse (view source)
French ship Tonnerre (L9014) (edit)
HMAS Bundaberg (ACPB 91) (edit)
HMCS Protecteur (AOR 509) (edit)
Lady Thetis (edit)
MS Norman Atlantic (edit)
MS Pride of Canterbury (edit)
MV Safmarine Asia (edit)
MV Sewol (edit)
Maersk San Jose (view source)
Moroccan frigate Hassan II (edit)
Moroccan frigate Mohammed V (edit)
Nereus (underwater vehicle) (edit)
Ocean Researcher V (edit)
Russian cruiser Kerch (edit)
Russian cruiser Ochakov (edit)
USS Fresno (LST-1182) (edit)
USS Ogden (LPD-5) (edit)
USS Tuscaloosa (LST-1187) (edit)
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