{{sfn|Barnes|2013|p=}}

* {{cite book | last=Barnes | first=Linda Diane | title=Frederick Douglass: reformer and statesman | publisher=Routledge | publication-place=New York (N.Y.) | date=2013 | isbn=978-0-415-89111-0}}

<ref name="l597">{{cite book | last=Barnes | first=Linda Diane | title=Frederick Douglass: reformer and statesman | publisher=Routledge | publication-place=New York (N.Y.) | date=2013 | isbn=978-0-415-89111-0 | page=}}</ref>