Sinamoi Bangolistoni Ƣarbī

Sinamoi Bangolistoni Ƣarbī (bangolī: টলিউড — Tollivud). Ma'noi "Tollivud" (ba'dtar istilohi Tollivud (Telugu టాలీవుడ్) ba ma'noi Sinamoi telugu omadaast) soli 1932 az hamrohşaviji nomhoi markazi sanoati sinamoi Amriko dar Hollivud va mintaqai Tollingunai Kalkutta, ki aksar studijahoi Bangolistoni Ƣarbī çojgir budand, pajdo şud. Bo nazardoşti monandiji sadoi kalimahoi "Tolli" va "Golli", istilohi "Tollivud" dar farhangi Hinduston ba tavri komil dar muomilot qaror girift, alaxusus pas az on ki onro maçallai çavononi Junior Statesman fa'olona istifoda burd. In baroi nomguzoriji markazhoi navi sinamo dar digar mintaqahoi Hinduston jak namuna guzoşt.

Sinamoi Bangolistoni Ƣarbiro korgardonhoi maşhur, az qabili Satjaçit Raj, Ritvik Ghatak va Mrinal Sen muarrifī mekunand, ki filmhoi paralleliji onho muntazam ba çaşnvorahoi bajnalmilalī vorid şuda, çoizahoi mu'tabar giriftaand.

Ta'rix

Ta'rixi sinamoi bangolī dar solhoi 1890 oƣoz joft, vaqte ki avvalin rasmhoi bioskopī dar kinoteatrhoi Kalkutta namoiş doda şudand. Dar davomi dahsolai ojanda, korgardon Hiral Sen, ki az filmhoi davrai Viktorija ilhom girifta, Royal Bioscope Company-ro ta'sis dod va dar Kalkutta jak qator kinoteatrho - Star Theatre, Minerva Theatre, Classic Theatre kuşod. Soli 1918, Dhirendranath Gangulī, bo dastgiriji hukumati Britanijai Kabir, avvalin şirkati istehsoliji Bangolī, Indo British Film Co-ro ta'sis dod. Ammo, avvalin filmi badeiji bangolī, "Bilwamangal", soli 1919 az çonibi "Madan Theatre" barovarda şud. Madan Theatres incunin avvalin filmi sadoiji bangoliji "Jamai Shashthi" (1931)-ro barovardand. Naxustin filmi badeiji sadodor "Dena Paona" bud, ki 30 dekabri soli 1931 rūi navor baromad.

Dar davrai pas az istiqlolijati Hinduston, sanoati sinamoi bangolī filmhoi klassikiro barovard: Nagarik, Trilogy Apu, Jalsaghar, Ajantrik, Neel Akasher Neechey, "Devi" va "Meghe Dhaka Tara». Az çumla, "Trilogijai Apu" aksar vaqt dar bajni behtarin filmhoi hama davru zamon çoj giriftaast^[1]^[2]^[3].

Maşhurtarin aktjori bangolī Uttam Kumar ast. Boz jak hunarpeşai bangolī Sumitra Catterçī, ki dar cand filmi Satjaçit Raj naqş bozidaast, dar tūli solhoi 1960-um raqibi ū hisobida meşud. Jake az ma'ruftarin hunarpeşahoi bangolī Şarmila Tagor ast, ki avvalin marotiba dar "Apur Sansar" baromad kardaast. Utpal Datt baroi naqşhoi xud dar film va teatr, baxusus namoişnomahoi Şekspir şūhrati çahonī pajdo kard.

Bo vuçudi in, solhoi 1980-um, sanoati sinamoi bangolī jak davrai tahavvulotro az sar guzaronida, dar barobari kohiş joftani şumorai tamoşobinon va e'tirofi intiqodī, az filmhoi doroi xususijati an'anaviji badeī va emotsionalī ba taqlidhoi filmhoi ma'rufi Bollivud guzaşt.

Dar oxiri solhoi 1990-um, bo pajdoişi nasli navi korgardonho, az çumla Gautam Ghoş, Aparna Sen, Rituparno Ghoş va Sandip Raj, jak qator filmhoi maşhur va az çonibi intiqodī ma'ruf ba namoiş guzoşta şudand, ki az ehjoi sanoati sinamoi Bangolī şahodat medihand.

Ezoh

↑ The Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll: 1992. Sight & Sound. British Film Institute. Bargirifta az sarcaşmai avval 9 marti 2012.
↑ The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made By THE FILM CRITICS OF THE NEW YORK TIMES(angl.) // New York Times. — 2002. Arxivirovano iz pervoistocnika 22 Dekabri 2016.
↑ All-Time 100 Best Movies, Time, Time Inc. (12 fevrali 2005). Bojgonī şudaast 14 marti 2007 sol. Provereno 19 maj 2008.

Pajvandho

[bfipoll-1] The Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll: 1992. Sight & Sound. British Film Institute. Bargirifta az sarcaşmai avval 9 marti 2012.

[2] The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made By THE FILM CRITICS OF THE NEW YORK TIMES(angl.) // New York Times. — 2002. Arxivirovano iz pervoistocnika 22 Dekabri 2016.

[Time-3] All-Time 100 Best Movies, Time, Time Inc. (12 fevrali 2005). Bojgonī şudaast 14 marti 2007 sol. Provereno 19 maj 2008.

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