Kineska narodna religija
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Kineska narodna religija (takođe poznata kao kineska popularna religija ili šenizam) najraširenija je forma religije u Kini, i među kinezima širom sveta. To je religiozna tradicija Han Kineza i uključuje počast silama prirode i predaka, egzorcizam štetnih sila i verovanje u racionalni poredak prirode na koji mogu uticati ljudi i njihovi vladari, kao i duhovi i bogovi.[1] Obožavanje je posvećeno mnoštvu bogova i besmrtnika (神 shén), koji mogu biti božanstva pojava, ljudskog ponašanja ili predaka rodova. Priče o nekim od tih bogova sakupljene su u telu kineske mitologije. Do 11. veka (Song perioda) ove prakse su bile pomešane sa budističkim idejama o karmi (sopstvenom činjenju) i ponovnom rođenju, kao i taoističkim učenjima o hijerarhiji bogova kako bi se formirao popularni religijski sistem koji je trajao na mnogo načina do današnjeg dana.[2]
Kineske religije imaju različite izvore, lokalne oblike, poreklo osnivača, i obredne i filozofske tradicije. Uprkos ovoj raznolikosti, postoji zajedničko jezgro koje se može sažeti u četiri teološka, kosmološka i moralna koncepta:[3] tjen (天), nebo, transcendentni izvor moralnog značenja; či (氣), dah ili energija koja animira univerzum; đingcu (敬祖), poštovanje predaka; i bao jing (報應), moralna uzajamnost; zajedno sa dva tradicionalna pojma sudbine i značenja:[4] ming juen (命運), lična sudbina ili procvat; i juen fen (緣分), „sudbonosna slučajnost”,[5] dobre i loše šanse i potencijalni odnosi.[5]
Reference
[уреди | уреди извор]- ^ Teiser (1995), стр. 378.
- ^ Overmyer (1986), стр. 51.
- ^ Fan, Chen 2013. p. 5-6
- ^ Fan, Chen 2013. p. 21
- ^ а б Fan, Chen 2013. p. 23
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Spoljašnje veze
[уреди | уреди извор]
- China Ancestral Temples Network
- Bored in Heaven Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (19. октобар 2018), a documentary on the reinvention of Chinese religion and Taoism. By Kenneth Dean, 2010, 80 minutes.