Pyrus communis (binomen a Carolo Linnaeo anno 1753 statutum) est species arborum fructiferarum in Asia occidentali et Europa sponte crescens, cuius cultivarietates ex hybridis subspecierum duarum silvaticarum provenisse censentur, videlicet P. communis subsp. pyraster et subsp. caucasica. Fructus qui ab arboribus huius speciei provenit Latinitate communi pirum appellatur.
Daniel Zohary, Maria Hopf, Domestication of Plants in the Old World: the origin and spread of cultivated plants in West Asia, Europe and the Nile Valley. 3a ed. (Oxonii: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 9780198503569) pp. 175-178