Sejarah Israel dan Yehuda kuno
sejarah israel kuno
Israel dan Yudea adalah kerajaan Zaman Besi terkait dari Levant kuno. Kerajaan Israel didirikan sebagai kekuatan lokal berpengaruh pada abad ke-9 SM sebelum jatuh ke tangan Kekaisaran Neo-Asiria pada 722 SM. Tetangga selatan Israel, Kerajaan Yudea, berdiri pada abad ke-8 SM[1] dan menikmati masa kejayaan sebagai negara klien Asiria pertama dan kemudian Babilonia sebelum pemberontakan melawan Kekaisaran Neo-Babilonia yang berujung pada kehancurannya pada 586 SM. Setelah Babilonia jatuh ke tangan raja Persia Sirus Agung pada 539 SM, beberapa orang Yudea yang diasingkan kembali ke Yerusalem, memulai periode formatif dalam pengembangan identitas Yudea khas di provinsi Persia Yehud. Yehud dimasukkan dalam kerajaan-kerajaan Helenistik setelah penaklukan Aleksander Agung, namun pada abad ke-2 SM, bangsa Yudea memberontak terhadap Kerajaan Seleukia dan membuat kerajaan Hasmonean. kerajaan tersebut, yang menjadi kerajaan Yudea independen secara nominal terakhir, berakhir pada 63 SM saat ditaklukan oleh Pompey dari Roma. Dengan pembentukan kerajaan-kerajaan klien di bawah kekuasaan Dinasti Herodian, Kerajaan Israel dihadapai dengan gangguan-gangguan sipil yang terjadi dalam Perang Romawi-Yahudi Pertama, penghancuran Bait Allah, munculnya Yudaisme Rabbinik dan Gereja Perdana.
Bagian dari seri mengenai |
|---|
| Sejarah Israel |
 |
| Israel kuno dan Yudea |
| Zaman Bait Allah Kedua (530 SM–70 M) |
| Abad Pertengahan (70–1517) |
| Kekuasaan Ottoman dan Inggris (1517–1948) |
| Negara Israel (1948–sekarang) |
| Sejarah Tanah Israel menurut topik |
| Hal terkait |
   |
Periode
sunting- Zaman Besi I: 1200–1000
- Zaman Besi II: 1000–586
- Neo-Babilonia: 586–539
- Persia: 539–332
- Helenistik: 332–53[2]
Lihat pula
sunting- Arkeologi Alkitab
- Kronologi Alkitab
- Habiru
- Sejarah Israel
- Sejarah Yahudi di Mesir
- Sejarah Yahudi di Iran
- Sejarah Yahudi di Kekaisaran Romawi
- Sejarah Levant Selatan
- Periode Intertestamental
- Yahudi
- Diaspora Yahudi
- Ukiran Lakhis
- Daftar Raja Israel
- Daftar Raja Yehuda
- Perjanjian Lama
- Shasu
- Tanakh
- Kerajaan Israel Bersatu
Referensi
suntingKutipan
sunting- ^ Grabbe 2008, pp. 225–6.
- ^ King & Stager 2001, hlm. xxiii.
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Bacaan tambahan
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