詞

See also: 辭 and 词

詞	U+8A5E, 詞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A5E

← 詝
[U+8A5D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

詟 →
[U+8A5F]

Translingual

Han character

詞 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口尸一口 (YRSMR), four-corner 0762₀, composition ⿰訁司)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1156, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35394
Dae Jaweon: page 1621, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3957, character 9
Unihan data for U+8A5E

Chinese

trad.		詞
simp.		词
alternative forms		䛐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (司) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
司	*slɯ
伺	slɯ, slɯs
覗	slɯ, slɯs
笥	slɯ, slɯs
詞	*ljɯ
祠	*ljɯ
柌	*ljɯ
嗣	*ljɯs
孠	*ljɯs
飼	*ljɯs
呞	*hljɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljɯ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 司 (OC *slɯ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): cí (ci²)

(Zhuyin): ㄘˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): цы (cɨ, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ci⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu³
Gan (Wiktionary): ci²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀

(Meixian, Guangdong): ci²
Jin (Wiktionary): ci¹
Northern Min (KCR): cǔ
Eastern Min (BUC): sṳ̀
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): so²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sû / sîr / sî

(Teochew, Peng'im): se⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cr²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cí
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ²
  - Yale: tsź
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
  - Palladius: цы (cy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (詞兒／词儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: cír
  - Zhuyin: ㄘˊㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cíhr
  - Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ²-ʼrh
  - Yale: tsír
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tserl
  - Palladius: цыр (cyr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩ɻ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ci²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цы (cɨ, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ci⁴
  - Yale: chìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsi⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: qi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ci²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀
  - Hakka Romanization System: cii^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ci²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ci²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ci¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǔ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sṳ̀
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: so²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: so²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɵ¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sû
  - Tâi-lô: sû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /su²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /su¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /su²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîr
  - Tâi-lô: sîr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sî
  - Tâi-lô: sî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sii
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /si²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: se⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy
  - MiniDict: zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: cr²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 詞
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
	Qingdao	/t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
	Xi'an	/t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
	Xining	/t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰz̩³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰz̩²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡sʰz̩³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sʰz̩⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰz̩¹³/ /sz̩¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/zz̩³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sz̩¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/d͡zz̩¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰï¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰi²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰz̩²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰi²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/su³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sy⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡su²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/sɯ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/si³¹/

Middle Chinese: zi

Rime
Character	詞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似兹切
Baxter	zi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/zɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/zie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨ/
Li Rong	/ziə/
Wang Li	/zĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.lə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ljɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	詞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cí
Middle Chinese	‹ zi ›
Old Chinese	/*sə.lə/
English	utterance
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	詞
Reading #	1/1
No.	11958
Phonetic component	司
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詞
Old Chinese	/*ljɯ/

Definitions

詞

word; term (Classifier: 組／组 m; 個／个) [1900s–]
詞典／词典 ― cídiǎn ― (word) dictionary

單詞／单词 ― dāncí ― (distinct) word

詞語／词语 ― cíyǔ ― word, term
phrase; expression; speech; statement; lyrics
See also: 辭
(literature) ci; a form of poetry originating in the Tang dynasty and flourishing during the Song dynasty (Classifier: 首 m)
Synonym: 詩餘／诗余 (shīyú)
(traditional lexicology, obsolete) function word; particle
^† Alternative form of 辭／辞 (cí, “to depart”)

Synonyms

辭／辞 (cí)

Compounds

Related terms

詞語／词语 (cíyǔ)
短語／短语 (duǎnyǔ)

References

“詞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

詞

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じ (ji)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: ことば (kotoba, 詞)
Nanori: ふみ (fumi)

Compounds

Derived terms

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
詞
ことば Grade: 6
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 詞 – see the following entry.

【言葉ことば】

[noun] [from 759] a word, a term

[noun] [from 934] language, speech

Alternative spelling
辞

(This term, 詞, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
詞
し Grade: 6
on'yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 詞 (MC zi).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) し [shíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕi]

Noun

詞(し) • (shi) ^{←し (si)^?}

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠]
Phonetic hangul: [사]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

詞

Wikisource

詞 (eumhun 말 사 (mal sa))

hanja form^? of 사 (“word”)

Compounds

명사 (名詞, myeongsa, “noun”)
동사 (動詞, dongsa, “verb”)
부사 (副詞, busa, “adverb”)
형용사 (形容詞, hyeong'yongsa, “adjective”)
분사 (分詞, bunsa, “particle”)
관사 (冠詞, gwansa, “article”)
조사 (助詞, josa, “postposition”)
품사 (品詞, pumsa, “part of speech”)
감탄사 (感歎詞, gamtansa, “interjection”)
의문사 (疑問詞, uimunsa, “interrogative”)
헌사 (獻詞, heonsa, “dedication”)
가사 (歌詞, gasa, “lyrics”)
작사 (作詞, jaksa, “lyric writing”)
작사가 (作詞家, jaksaga, “lyricist”)
대사 (臺詞, daesa, “lines”)
명대사 (名臺詞, myeongdaesa, “famous line”)
수사 (數詞, susa, “numeral”)
조사 (弔詞, josa, “eulogy”)
문사 (文詞, munsa, “expression”)

詞 (eumhun 글 사 (geul sa))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

詞: Hán Việt readings: từ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]