आप

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā), from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātmán, “soul, spirit; self”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁t-mō ~ *h₁h₁t-m̥nés (“breath, spirit”), from *h₁eh₁t- (“to breathe”) +‎ *-mō. Cognate with Gujarati આપું (āpũ), Nepali आंत (ānta), Marathi आपण (āpaṇ), Bengali আপনি (apni), Sinhalese අපි (api). Compare Kamkata-viri amú (“self”), Dhivehi އަހަރެން (aharen̊).

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɑːp/, [äːp]

आप • (āp) (Urdu spelling آپ)

1. ye, you (formal, polite and grammatically plural)

   क्या आपको मेरी मदद की ज़रूरत है?

   kyā āpko merī madad kī zarūrat hai?

   Do you need my help?

   आपका दिन कैसा था पिताजी?

   āpkā din kaisā thā pitājī?

   How was your day, father?

2. (in some phrases, now obsolete) self

   अपने आप ― apne āp ― oneself

   अपना ― apnā ― one's own

• आप (āp) is the most formal way of expressing "you" in Hindi and is used when addressing elders or those higher in social status. Because less formal forms could offend others, आप (āp) is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal.
• Because आप (āp) is grammatically plural (adjectives and verbs etc affected by it take their plural forms) even when there is only one person being referred to, the term आप लोग (āp log) (literally: you people) can be used to specify that more than one person is being referred to because of T-V distinction.

• तुम (tum, “you”) (formal)
• तू (tū, “you”) (informal)

• तुम (tum) (mid level formality, grammatically plural)
• तू (tū) (complete lack of formality, grammatically singular)

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “आप”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Platts, John T. (1884) “आप”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

From Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ).

आप (āpa) m (Modi 𑘁𑘢)

1. water

• Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “[1]”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.

आप n

1. Devanagari script form of āpa (“water”)

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁e-h₁óp-e ~ *h₁e-h₁p-ḗr, from *h₁ep-.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑ́ː.pɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː.pɐ/

आप • (ā́pa) third-singular indicative (type UP, perfect, root आप्)

1. perfect of आप् (āp, “to reach”)

Perfect: आप (ā́pa), आपे (āpé)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	आप ā́pa	आपतुः āpátuḥ	आपुः āpúḥ	आपे āpé	आपाते āpā́te	आपिरे āpiré
Second	आपिथ ā́pitha	आपथुः āpáthuḥ	आप āpá	आपिषे āpiṣé	आपाथे āpā́the	आपिध्वे āpidhvé
First	आप ā́pa	आपिव āpivá	आपिम āpimá	आपे āpé	आपिवहे āpiváhe	आपिमहे āpimáhe
Participles
	आपिवांस् āpivā́ṃs			आपान āpāná

• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 237