索

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索	U+7D22, 索 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D22

← 紡
[U+7D21]

CJK Unified Ideographs

紣 →
[U+7D23]

索	U+F96A, 索 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F96A

← 數
[U+F969]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

參 →
[U+F96B]

Translingual

Han character

索 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月女戈火 (JBVIF), four-corner 4090₃, composition ⿳十冖糸)

Derived characters

嗦㮦溹䅴䌇鎍(𫔅) 䞽䖛𠋲𭝻𢱢𤌘𥻨𧎳𧛻𩌈𬵠𪍟𭅬𩘝(𩙭) 𫦎𭮹𮭈𪟹𦅕𦃆𦆽𤸴𡩡𥰼𦵫𩄜𩮛

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 918, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27306
Dae Jaweon: page 1349, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3369, character 9
Unihan data for U+7D22

Unihan data for U+F96A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 索
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (索) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
索	slaːɡ, sraːɡ, *sreːɡ
溹	slaːɡ, sraːɡ, *sreːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 糸 (“thread”) + 𣎳 (“strip fibres off a hemp stalk”). Threads (rope) being removed from a fabric.

糸 visually represents the middle interior of the small seal script form, whereas 𣎳 is the three-pointed top part and the left and right lines.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		索

From Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Vietic *ɟaːk (“rope”) (> Vietnamese chạc), Mon ဇုက် (“string; cord; rope; lashing; creeper”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): suǒ (suo³)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): so²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sok³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhok^2-4 / lhok²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sok
Eastern Min (BUC): só̤h
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): so⁵ / seh⁶ / sorh⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): soh / sok / sek

(Teochew, Peng'im): soh⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷soq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suǒ
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suǒ
  - Wade–Giles: so³
  - Yale: swǒ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoo
  - Palladius: со (so)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: so²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: so
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /so²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sok³
  - Yale: sok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: lhok^2-4 / lhok²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɔk̚⁵⁵⁻²¹/, /ɬɔk̚⁵⁵/

Note:

lhok2-4 - noun;
lhok2 - verb.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sok
  - Hakka Romanization System: sog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: só̤h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔʔ²⁴/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: so⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: so⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɵ²¹/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: seh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɛʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: seh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɛʔ²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sorh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɒʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sorh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɒʔ²/

Note:

so5 - vernacular;
seh6 - literary (e.g. 線索);
sorh6 - literary (e.g. 索性).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soh
  - Tâi-lô: soh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soiq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Singapore): /soʔ³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɤʔ³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /soʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
  - Tâi-lô: sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/

Note:

soh - vernacular;
sok/sek - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: soh⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: soh
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʔ²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷soq
  - MiniDict: soh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴soq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /soʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: sak

Rime
Character	索
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇各切
Baxter	sak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sak̚/
Li Rong	/sɑk̚/
Wang Li	/sɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sok³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*slaːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	索
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suǒ
Middle Chinese	‹ sak ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁak/
English	twist a rope
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	索
Reading #	1/3
No.	12191
Phonetic component	索
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	索
Old Chinese	/*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 繩子 (“string; rope; cord”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		繩, 索
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		繩索
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	繩子, 繩兒
	Taiwan	繩子
	Harbin	繩子
	Malaysia	繩子
	Singapore	繩子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	繩子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	繩兒, 繩子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	繩子
	Wanrong	繩子, 繩
	Xi'an	繩子
	Xining	繩子
	Xuzhou	繩子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	繩
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	繩子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	繩子, 索子
	Wuhan	繩子, 索子
	Guiyang	繩子, 繩繩
	Guilin	繩子
	Liuzhou	繩子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	繩子
	Yangzhou	繩子
	Hefei	繩, 繩子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	繩, 索
	Hong Kong	繩
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	繩, 繩仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	繩, 繩仔
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	繩
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	繩
	Macau	繩
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	繩
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	繩
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	繩
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	繩
	Foshan	繩
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	繩
	Foshan (Shunde)	繩
	Foshan (Sanshui)	繩
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	繩
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	繩
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	繩
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	繩
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	繩
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	繩
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	繩
	Taishan	繩
	Kaiping (Chikan)	繩
	Enping (Niujiang)	繩
	Heshan (Yayao)	繩
	Dongguan	繩
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	繩
	Qingyuan	繩
	Fogang	繩仔
	Yingde (Hanguang)	麻繩
	Yangshan	繩, 索
	Lianshan (Butian)	索
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	索
	Shaoguan	繩
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	繩
	Renhua	繩
	Lechang	繩, 索
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	繩
	Sihui	繩仔
	Guangning	繩仔
	Deqing	繩, 索繩
	Huaiji	繩
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	繩
	Yunfu	繩, 索
	Xinxing	繩, 索
	Luoding	繩仔
	Yunan (Pingtai)	繩
	Yangjiang	索
	Xinyi	索
	Maoming (Xinpo)	繩
	Lianjiang	索
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	索
	Nanning	繩, 索
	Wuzhou	索, 繩
	Yulin	索
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	索
	Hepu (Shatian)	索 large, 繩 small
	Guiping	索
	Mengshan (Xihe)	索
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	索
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	索
	Baise	索
	Bobai	索
Lingshan	索
Pubei	索
Qinzhou	索
Beihai	索, 索仔
Beihai (Nankang)	索
Beihai (Yingpan)	索
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	索
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	索 big, 繩 small
Ningming	索
Hengzhou	索
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	繩
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	索
Danzhou	索
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	繩
Singapore (Guangfu)	繩
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	繩
Móng Cái	索
Gan	Nanchang	繩子, 索子
	Lichuan	繩兒, 繩仔, 索
	Pingxiang	繩子
Hakka	Meixian	索仔, 索嫲, 索
	Xingning	索, 索嫲
	Dabu (Xihe)	索兒
	Fengshun (Tangkeng)	索
	Fengshun (Fengliang)	索
	Fengshun (Pantian)	索
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	繩
	Huidong (Daling)	索仔, 索嫲
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	索
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	索仔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	索嫲
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	索嫲
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	索嫲, 索哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	索嫲
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	索嫲
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	繩 small, 索 large
	Wengyuan	索
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	索子, 索嫲
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	索仔, 索嫲
	Liannan	索
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	繩
	Jiexi	索
	Luhe	索仔
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	索
	Changting	索子
	Wuping	索子
	Wuping (Yanqian)	索子
	Wuping (Pingyu)	索
	Liancheng	索子
	Ninghua	索子
	Yudu	繩子
	Ningdu	繩子
	Ruijin	索子, 繩
	Shicheng	繩
	Shangyou (Shexi)	繩
	Tonggu (Sandu)	繩
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	繩
	Dayu	繩哩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	索仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	索仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	索仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	索
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	索仔
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	索
	Hong Kong	索嫲, 索
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	索
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	索
	Xinyi (Sihe)	索
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	索
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	索
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	索
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	索
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	索
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	索
	Mengshan (Xihe)	索
	Luchuan	索
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	索
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	索
	Mashan (Pianlian)	索
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	索
	Senai (Huiyang)	索嫲
	Singkawang	索
Jin	Taiyuan	繩子
Jin	Xinzhou	繩子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	索
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	索
	Songxi	索
	Zhenghe	索
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	索
	Jianyang	索
	Wuyishan	索
	Pucheng (Shibei)	索
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	索
	Fuzhou (Changle)	索
	Fuqing	索
	Yongtai	索
	Gutian	索
	Fu'an	索
	Ningde	索
	Xiapu	索
	Zherong	索
	Shouning	索
	Zhouning	索
	Fuding	索
Southern Min	Xiamen	索仔, 索
	Quanzhou	索仔, 索
	Yongchun	索
	Zhangzhou	索仔, 索
	Dongshan	索仔
	Kaohsiung	索仔
	Yilan	索仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	索仔
	Taichung	索仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	索仔
	Tainan	索仔
	Taitung	索仔
	Hsinchu	索仔
	Penghu (Magong)	索
	Penang (Hokkien)	索, 索仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	索
	Manila (Hokkien)	索
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	索
	Datian	索仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	索
	Chaozhou	索
	Shantou	索
	Shantou (Chenghai)	索
	Jieyang	索
	Haifeng	索
	Bangkok (Teochew)	索
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	索
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	索
	Singapore (Teochew)	索
	Leizhou	索
	Wenchang	索
	Haikou	索
Puxian Min	Putian	索
	Xianyou	索
	Fuding (Aoyao)	索
Central Min	Yong'an	索
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	繩
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	繩
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	索
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	索子
Wu	Shanghai	繩, 繩子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	繩
	Suzhou	繩
	Danyang	繩子
	Ningbo	繩
	Wenzhou	繩
	Jinhua	繩
Xiang	Changsha	繩子, 索子
	Loudi	繩子
	Shuangfeng	繩子, 索子
Note	General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Dialectal synonyms of 條子 (“bamboo tile (mahjong)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	條子
	Taiwan	條子
	Langfang	條子
	Chifeng	條兒
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	條子
	Harbin	條子, 條
	Shenyang	條子, 索子
	Singapore	索子
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	條子
	Tangshan	條子
	Cangzhou	條子
	Baoding	條子
	Shijiazhuang	條子
	Jinan	條子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	條子
Central Plains Mandarin	Daming	條子
	Zhengzhou	條
	Xi'an	條, 索
	Xining	條子
	Xuzhou	條
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	條子
	Lanzhou	條子, 索子
	Ürümqi	條子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	條子
	Chongqing	條子, 索子
	Guiyang	條子
	Kunming	條子, 索子
	Guilin	索子
	Liuzhou	條子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	條子
	Yangzhou	條子
	Nantong	條
	Hefei	條子
	Huanggang	條子, 索子
Cantonese	Hong Kong	索子
Gan	Nanchang	索子, 條子
Gan	Lichuan	索子
Huizhou	Shexian	條, 索
Jin	Taiyuan	條子, 棍子
	Xinzhou	棍子
	Linhe	條子
	Jining	條子
	Hohhot	條子, 棍子
	Zhangjiakou	條子
	Handan	條, 條子
Wu	Shanghai	索

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		索
alternative forms		𡩡𢱢

Ultimately Austroasiatic; compare Khmer ស (sɑɑ, “white; to show something clearly”); cognate with 素 (OC *saːs, “colourless; plain”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): suǒ (suo³)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): saak³ / sok³ / suk³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): sok²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sok
Eastern Min (BUC): sáuk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): soh / sak / sok / sek

(Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷soq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suǒ
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suǒ
  - Wade–Giles: so³
  - Yale: swǒ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoo
  - Palladius: со (so)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: saak³ / sok³ / suk³
  - Yale: saak / sok / suk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saak⁸ / sok⁸ / suk⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sag³ / sog³ / sug³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːk̚³/, /sɔːk̚³/, /sʊk̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: sok²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔk̚⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sok
  - Hakka Romanization System: sog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sáuk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑuʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soh
  - Tâi-lô: soh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: soiq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /soʔ³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɤʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sak
  - Tâi-lô: sak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
  - Tâi-lô: sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
  - Tâi-lô: sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/

Note:

soh/sak - vernacular;
sok/sek - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sog⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷soq
  - MiniDict: soh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴soq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /soʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: srjaek, sreak

Rime
Character	索	索
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	陌 (115)	麥 (119)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	山戟切	山責切
Baxter	srjaek	sreak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠiæk̚/	/ʃˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚiak̚/	/ʃᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃiak̚/	/ʃɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂiajk̚/	/ʂəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/ʃiɐk̚/	/ʃɛk̚/
Wang Li	/ʃĭɐk̚/	/ʃæk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂiɐk̚/	/ʂæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shi	she
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sik¹	sak¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤak/

(Zhengzhang): /*sraːɡ/, /*sreːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	索
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	suǒ
Middle Chinese	‹ sak ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ˁak/
English	search (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	索	索
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	12193	12195
Phonetic component	索	索
Rime group	鐸	錫
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𡩡	栜
Old Chinese	/*sraːɡ/	/*sreːɡ/

Definitions

索

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		索

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): suǒ (suo³)

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄛˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sok³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Sok
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Sek / Sak

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: suǒ
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄛˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: suǒ
  - Wade–Giles: so³
  - Yale: swǒ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suoo
  - Palladius: со (so)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su̯ɔ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sok³
  - Yale: sok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sok
  - Hakka Romanization System: sog^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sek
  - Tâi-lô: Sik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seg
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sak
  - Tâi-lô: Sak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sak̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: sak

Rime
Character	索
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇各切
Baxter	sak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sak̚/
Li Rong	/sɑk̚/
Wang Li	/sɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/sɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sok³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*slaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	索
Reading #	1/3
No.	12191
Phonetic component	索
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	索
Old Chinese	/*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

a surname

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.		索
alternative forms		嗍欶

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): sok³

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sok³
  - Yale: sok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːk̚³/

Definitions

索

(Cantonese) to absorb
(Cantonese) to sniff; to smell

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.		索

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 嗍, 欶?”)

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): sok³

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: sok³
  - Yale: sok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːk̚³/

Definitions

索

(Cantonese, of a female) beautiful; pretty; hot; sexually attractive

Compounds

References

“Entry #6503”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

索

(Jōyō kanji)

string, thread

Readings

Go-on: しゃく (shaku)、さく (saku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: さく (saku, Jōyō)
Kun: なわ (nawa, 索)、もとめる (motomeru, 索める)

Compounds

検索(けんさく) (kensaku): search, look up, retrieve
索引(さくいん) (sakuin): index

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 索 (MC srjaek|sreak). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: sóyk) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰɛk̚] ~ [sʰe̞k̚]
Phonetic hangul: [색/섹]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

索

Wikisource

索 (eumhun 찾을 색 (chajeul saek))

hanja form^? of 색 (“to search”)
hanja form^? of 색 (“to request; to demand”)
hanja form^? of 색 (“to inquire”)

Compounds

색거 (索居, saekgeo)
모색 (摸索, mosaek)
사색 (思索, sasaek)
구색 (究索, gusaek)
검색 (檢索, geomsaek)
색출 (索出, saekchul, “track down”)
색인 (索引, saegin, “index”)
탐색 (探索, tamsaek, “search; exploration”)
수색 (搜索, susaek, “search; investigation”)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 索 (MC sak). Recorded as Middle Korean 삭〮 (sák) (Yale: sák) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠k̚]
Phonetic hangul: [삭]

Hanja

索 (eumhun 노 삭 (no sak))

hanja form^? of 삭 (“rope; cable”)

Compounds

삭도 (索道, sakdo)
척삭 (脊索, cheoksak)
삭연 (索然, sagyeon)
삭막 (索莫/索寞/索漠, sangmak)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

索: Hán Nôm readings: sách, tác, xách

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

索

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Definitions

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Definitions

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

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