-dul
See also: Appendix:Variations of "dul"
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-dul
- (reflexive suffix) Added to a monosyllabic onomatopoeic stem to form a verb.
- mozdul (“to move”)
Usage notes
[edit]- (reflexive suffix) Variants:
- -dul is added to back-vowel words
- -dül is added to front-vowel words
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of -dul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -dulok | -dulsz | -dul | -dulunk | -dultok | -dulnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -dultam | -dultál | -dult | -dultunk | -dultatok | -dultak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. -dulni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -dulék | -dulál | -dula | -dulánk | -dulátok | -dulának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. -dul vala, -dult vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -dulandok | -dulandasz | -duland | -dulandunk | -dulandotok | -dulandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -dulnék | -dulnál | -dulna | -dulnánk | -dulnátok | -dulnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -dult volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -duljak | -dulj or -duljál |
-duljon | -duljunk | -duljatok | -duljanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -dult légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | -dulni | -dulnom | -dulnod | -dulnia | -dulnunk | -dulnotok | -dulniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| -dulás | -duló | -dult | ― | -dulva (-dulván) | |||||
potential conjugation of -dul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | -dulhatok | -dulhatsz | -dulhat | -dulhatunk | -dulhattok | -dulhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | -dulhattam | -dulhattál | -dulhatott | -dulhattunk | -dulhattatok | -dulhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | -dulhaték | -dulhatál | -dulhata | -dulhatánk | -dulhatátok | -dulhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. -dulhat vala, -dulhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | -dulhatandok or -dulandhatok |
-dulhatandasz or -dulandhatsz |
-dulhatand or -dulandhat |
-dulhatandunk or -dulandhatunk |
-dulhatandotok or -dulandhattok |
-dulhatandanak or -dulandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | -dulhatnék | -dulhatnál | -dulhatna | -dulhatnánk | -dulhatnátok | -dulhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. -dulhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | -dulhassak | -dulhass or -dulhassál |
-dulhasson | -dulhassunk | -dulhassatok | -dulhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. -dulhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (-dulhatni) | (-dulhatnom) | (-dulhatnod) | (-dulhatnia) | (-dulhatnunk) | (-dulhatnotok) | (-dulhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (-dulhatva / -dulhatván) | ||||