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Ibn Majah

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Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd Ibn Mājah al-Rabʿī al-Qazwīnī
TitleIbn Mājah
Personal
Bornc. 824 CE
Qazvin, Persia, Abbasid Caliphate
(present-day Iran)
Diedc. 887 or 889 CE
Qazvin, Persia, Abbasid Caliphate
ReligionIslam
EraIslamic golden age
DenominationSunni
CreedAthari[1]
Main interest(s)Hadith, Fiqh
Notable work(s)Sunan Ibn Mājah, Kitāb at-Tafsīr and Kitāb at-Tārīkh

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd Ibn Mājah al-Rabʿī al-Qazwīnī[2] (Arabic: ابو عبد الله محمد بن يزيد بن ماجه الربعي القزويني; (b. 209/824, d. 273/887) commonly known as Ibn Mājah, was a medieval scholar of hadith of Persian[3] origin. He compiled the last of Sunni Islam's six canonical hadith collections, Sunan Ibn Mājah.[4][5]

Biography

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Qazwin (red), where Ibn Mājah was born and died, on a map of modern Iran

Ibn Mājah was born in Qazwin, the modern-day Iranian province of Qazvin, in 824 CE/209 AH[4] to a family who were members (mawla) of the Rabīʻah tribe.[6] Mājah was the nickname of his father, and not that of his grandfather nor was it his mother's name, contrary to those claiming this. The hāʼ at the end is un-voweled whether in stopping upon its pronunciation or continuing because it a non-Arabic name.[6]

He left his hometown to travel the Islamic world visiting Iraq, Makkah, the Levant and Egypt. He studied under Ibn Abi Shaybah (through whom came over a quarter of al-Sunan), Muḥammad ibn ʻAbdillāh ibn Numayr, Jubārah ibn al-Mughallis, Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mundhir al-Ḥizāmī, ʻAbdullāh ibn Muʻāwiyah, Hishām ibn ʻAmmār, Muḥammad ibn Rumḥ, Dāwūd ibn Rashīd and others from their era. Abū Yaʻlā al-Khalīlī praised Ibn Mājah as "reliable (thiqah), prominent, agreed upon, a religious authority, possessing knowledge and the capability to memorize."[4]

According to al-Dhahabī, Ibn Mājah died on approximately February 19, 887 CE/with eight days remaining of the month of Ramadan, 273 AH,[4] or, according to al-Kattānī, in either 887/273 or 889/275.[6] He died in Qazwin.[6]

What he compiled/did Al-Dhahabī mentioned the following of Ibn Mājah's works:[4]

The last two, though praised by scholars, have been lost. [7]

The Sunan

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Main article: Sunan ibn Majah

The Sunan consists of 1,500 chapters and about 4,000 hadith.[4] Upon completing it, he read it to Abu Zur’a al-Razi, a hadith authority of his time, who commented, "I think that were people to get their hands on this, the other collections, or most of them, would be rendered obsolete."[4]

References

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  1. ^ a b W. Adamec, Ludwig (2009). Historical Dictionary of Islam: Second Edition. Estover Road, Plymouth PL67PY, United Kingdom: Scarecrow Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-8108-6161-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  2. ^ "About - Sunan Ibn Majah - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)". sunnah.com. Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2020-12-17.
  3. ^ Frye, R.N., ed. (1975). The Cambridge history of Iran (Repr. ed.). London: Cambridge U.P. p. 471. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g al-Dhahabi, Muhammad ibn Ahmad (1957). al-Mu`allimi (ed.). Tadhkirat al-Huffaz (in Arabic). Vol. 2. Hyderabad: Da`irat al-Ma`arif al-`Uthmaniyyah. p. 636.
  5. ^ Ludwig W. Adamec (2009), Historical Dictionary of Islam, p.139. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0810861615.
  6. ^ a b c d al-Kattani, Muhammah ibn Ja`far (2007). Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Kattani (ed.). al-Risalah al-Mustatrafah (in Arabic) (seventh ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Bashair al-Islamiyyah. p. 12.
  7. ^ https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah/about [bare URL]

Further reading

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  • Suhaib Hasan Abdul Ghaffar, Criticism of Hadith among Muslims with reference to Sunan Ibn Maja, Presidency of Islamic Research, IFTA and Propagation: Riyadh 1984. ISBN 0-907461-56-5.
  • Brown, Jonathan A. C. ‘The canonization of Ibn Mâjah: authenticity vs. utility in the formation of the Sunni ḥadîth canon’. Pages 169–81 in Écriture de l’histoire et processus de canonisation dans les premiers siècles de l’islam. Directed by Antoine Borrut. Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée 129. Aix-en-Provence: Presses Universitaires de Provence, 2011.
  • Robson, James. 'The Transmission of Ibn Majah's "Sunan"', Journal of Semitic studies 3 (1958): 129–41.
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