CFR-600
| China Fast Reactor 600 (CFR-600) | |
|---|---|
| Generation | Generation IV |
| Reactor concept | Fast breeder reactor |
| Status | Under construction |
| Location | Xiapu County, Fujian province, China |
| Coordinates | 26°48′13″N 120°09′18″E / 26.80361°N 120.15500°E |
| Main parameters of the reactor core | |
| Fuel (fissile material) | UO2 (initial stage) MOX (later stage) |
| Neutron energy spectrum | Fast |
| Primary coolant | Liquid sodium |
| Reactor usage | |
| Power (thermal) | 1500 MWth |
| Power (electric) | 600 MWe gross |
The CFR-600 (Xiapu fast reactor pilot project) is a sodium-cooled pool-type fast-neutron nuclear reactor under construction in Xiapu County, Fujian province, China, on Changbiao Island.[1][2] It is a generation IV demonstration project by the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC). Construction started in late 2017. These reactors are expected to be connected to the grid in 2023 and 2025.[3] The reactor will have an output of 1500 MW thermal power and 600 MW electric power.[1][2] The fuel will be supplied by TVEL, subsidiary of Rosatom, according to the agreement signed in 2019.[4]
The CFR-600 is part of the Chinese plan to reach a closed nuclear fuel cycle. Fast neutron reactors are the main future nuclear power technology in China.
A larger commercial-scale reactor, the CFR-1000, is also planned.[2]
On the same site, the building of a second 600 MW fast reactor CFR-600 was started in December 2020[5] and four 1000 MW CAP1000 are proposed.[6]
Such breeder reactors have the possibility to be used to produce weapons grade plutonium for nuclear weapon manufacturing purposes.[3]
Reactors
| Unit | Type | Net capacity | Gross capacity | Thermal capacity | Construction Start | Operation Start | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiapu-1 | FBR | 642 MWe | 682 MWe | 1882 MWt | 2017-12-29 | 2023[3] | [7] |
| Xiapu-2 | FBR | 642 MWe | 682 MWe | 1882 MWt | 2020-12-27 | 2025[3] | [5][7] |
Controversy
Al Jazeera reported in 2021 that the reactors are controversial because they produce weapons-grade plutonium, offering a dual military and civilian use. China has stopped annual voluntary declarations to the International Atomic Energy Agency [IAEA] on its stocks of plutonium.[8]
See also
- Nuclear power in China
- China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR)
- BN-600 reactor
- BN-1200 reactor
- Integral fast reactor
- List of nuclear reactors#China
References
- ^ a b "CFR-600 (China Institute of Atomic Energy, China)" (PDF). IAEA. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
- ^ a b c "China begins building pilot fast reactor". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
- ^ a b c d Patel, Prachi (28 Dec 2022). "China's New Breeder Reactors May Produce More Than Just Watts". IEEE Spectrum.
- ^ "Russia's TVEL to Supply Fuel for Chinas CFR-600 Reactor".
- ^ a b "China starts building second CFR-600 fast reactor". www.world-nuclear-news.org. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
- ^ CCCC-FHDI wins bid for quot;feasibility study of offshore engineering of 600MW fast reactor nuclear power demonstration project in Xiapu, 12.03.2015. (Archived Version on archive.is).
- ^ a b "PRIS - Reactor Details". pris.iaea.org. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
- ^ "Concerns grow over China nuclear reactors shrouded in mystery". Al Jazeera. 19 May 2021.
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