Čolak-Anta: Difference between revisions
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* Cavalry Major Grujica Tcholak-Antitch (1906–1967) |
* Cavalry Major Grujica Tcholak-Antitch (1906–1967) |
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* Cavalry Lt Colonel Petar Tcholak-Antitch (1907–1964) |
* Cavalry Lt Colonel Petar Tcholak-Antitch (1907–1964) |
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Ilija |
Ilija, Grujica and Petar Tcholak-Antitch were of Sava , 5 times Prime Minister of The Kingdom of Serbia (Obrenovitch and Karadjordjevitch). |
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== Other == |
== Other == |
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Revision as of 19:46, 16 September 2011
Duke Čolak-Anta Simonović | |
|---|---|
 Duke Čolak-Anta Simonović | |
| Born | August 23, 1777 Prizren Ottoman Empire (modern day Serbia, southern Kosovo) |
| Died | August 23, 1853 Kragujevac, Principality of Serbia |
| Allegiance | Serbia |
| Service | Army |
| Rank | Vojvoda |
Duke Čolak-Anta Simonović ( also spelled Simeonović, Serbian Cyrillic: Чолак-Анта Симеоновић; Descendants: Čolak-Antić, Anglicised: Colak-Antic, Frenchified: Tcholak-Antitch.), (1777–1853).
Duke Čolak-Anta Simonović was a Serbian nobleman and a military commander, he was one of the most important figures of the First Serbian Uprising, the first stage of the Serbian Insurrection (1804–1813), during which the Serbs revolted against the Turkish Dahis, the Regime established by the Ottoman empire, which led to more uprisings and ultimately to the country’s liberation from Ottoman rule.
Early life
Čolak-Anta Simonović came from Prizren (Ottoman Empire, now Kosovo and Metohija) where he was a prosperous merchant trading furs and also weapons with neighbouring Habsburg Hungary and Austria .
His real name was Anta (Anthony) Simonović but he became known by the name Čolak-Anta when, in a battle against a Turkish commander, he lost the usage of his left arm after being hit by a sabre (“çolak” meaning one-armed in Turkish).
The Uprising
In 1804, on the eve of the uprising Čolak-Anta secretly transported arms and ammunition from Prizren to Belgrade and handed them over to Djordje Petrovic aka Karađorđe, the leader of the Uprising.[1]
Čolak-Anta joined the rebellion repeatedly distinguishing himself in the battles which ensued.
The rebels achieved several victories and were able to withstand Turkish forces despite the fact that the Ottoman Sultan declared Holy War against them in 1805.[2]
The Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) brought the Russians to the help of the Serbs[3] and by 1807 the rebels won several battles and were able to free Belgrade from Ottoman rule
.
The Ottoman Sultan then offered them full autonomy but the Serbs refused and kept fighting for complete independence, for the first time Serbia existed as a de facto independent state[4]
In 1811 Čolak-Anta was appointed the position of Vojvoda, Governor, of the province (Nahija) of Kruševac.
The Exile
The withdrawal of Russian troops following the Treaty of Bucharest of 1812 allowed the Turks to concentrate on the Serbian rebels, three formidable Turkish armies converged on Serbia to crush the insurrection, eventually, the rebel forces exhausted were compelled to retreat across the Danube and to Bessarabia.
In September 1814 Čolak-Anta and his family moved to Russia with his wife Jela and children: Jovanka, Angelka, Stevana and Kosta.
His son Konstantin was accepted in the First Cadet Corps at Saint Petersburg by special decree of Emperor Alexander I.
Return to Serbia
Čolak-Anta and his family returned to Serbia in 1831 after the country became a semiautonomous state and a full amnesty was granted to those who had participated in the rebellion.[5]
Čolak-Anta was appointed Chief Magistrate a function he held until his retirement in 1843.
He died August 23, 1853 in Kragujevac, leaving to his descendants the surname of Čolak-Antić (Tcholak-Antitch or Colak-Antic).
Family
With his first wife Jelena he had a son, Kosta and nine daughters, with his second wife he had a son: Paul.
His descendants all attended the Military Academy and include:
- Colonel Ilya Tcholak-Antitch, commander of the Ibar Army (1836–1894)
- Lt. Lazar Tcholak-Antitch, commander of the Morava division (1839–1877)
- Cavalry Colonel Milivoje Tcholak-Antitch (1884–1944)
- Dr. Bosko Tcholak-Antitch, Marshal of the King's Petar Ist Court, Envoy Extraordinary, Ambassador and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1871–1949)
- Division General Vojin Tcholak-Antitch, Chief Inspector of Cavalry, Commander of the Order of the Légion d'Honneur (1877–1945)
- Cavalry Colonel (French army) Ilija Tcholak-Antitch (1905–1974)
- Cavalry Major Grujica Tcholak-Antitch (1906–1967)
- Cavalry Lt Colonel Petar Tcholak-Antitch (1907–1964)
Ilija, Grujica and Petar Tcholak-Antitch were grandsons of Sava Grujić, 5 times Prime Minister of The Kingdom of Serbia (Obrenovitch and Karadjordjevitch).
Other
The Tcholak-Antitch family patron saint is St. Archangel Michael.
See also
• Čolak-Antić family page (in Serbian)
• The list of prominent personalities of the First Serbian Uprising (in Serbian)
• A list of the most prominent Serbian family in the Principality and the Kingdom of Serbia (in Serbian)
References
- ^ Dušan T. Bataković -The Kosovo Chronicles, Belgrade: Plato Books 1992, ISBN 86-447-0006-5
- ^ Gerolymatos Andre (2003). The Balkan Wars: Conquest, Revolution, and Retribution from the Ottoman Era to the Twentieth Century and Beyond.Basic Books. ISBN 0465027326
- ^ Andrianov, P. M. Russko-turetskaia Voina 1806-1812 gg. (Po povodu stoletnego iubileia). Spb., izd, Russk. voenn.-istorich. o-va., 1912. 82 p.
- ^ Glenny, Misha. The Balkans: Nationalism, War, and the Great Powers, 1804-1999. New York: Penguin, 2001.
- ^ Petrovich, Michael Boro. A History of Modern Serbia 1804-1918 vol. 1. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1976.