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{{short description|Cargo ship of the United States Navy}}

{{For|other ships named Maria|SS Maria}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=USS Uranus (AF-14) off the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, Virginia (USA), on 11 December 1943 (19-N-60186).jpg
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1945}}
|Ship name=*''Helga'' (1933–1938)
* ''Caravelle'' (1938–1940)
* ''Maria'' (1940–1941)
* ''Uranus'' (1941–1946)
* ''Maria Dan'' (1946–1959)
* ''Michael'' (1959–1968)
|Ship namesake=
|Ship owner=*J. Lauritzen A/S (1933–1941)
* U.S. Maritime Commission (1941–1946)
* J. Lauritzen A/S (1946–1959)
* Chrisot M. Sarlis (1959–1968)
|Ship operator=*J. Lauritzen A/S (1933–1941)
* U.S. Navy (bareboat charter from War Shipping Administration) (1941–1946)
* J. Lauritzen A/S (1946–1959)
* Chrisot M. Sarlis (1959–1968)
|Ship registry=
|Ship route=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=Helsingør Jernskibs og Maskinbyggeri
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=21 December 1932
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=by Navy 11 August 1941
|Ship commissioned=*''Uranus'' (AF-14) 27 October 1941
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=by navy 8 May 1946, returned to owner 16 May 1946
|Ship maiden voyage=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship reclassified=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=by Navy 21 May 1946
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship identification={{IMO|5233834}}
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honors=
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=Scrapped 1968, [[Solin|Sveti Kajo, Croatia]]
|Ship notes=Ship in commercial and naval service 1933–1968.
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=
|Ship type=
|Ship tonnage={{GRT|1507}}, {{DWT|2255}}
|Ship displacement=3,348 t.(fl)
|Ship length={{convert|269|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|39|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft={{convert|16|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship decks=
|Ship deck clearance=
|Ship ramps=
|Ship ice class=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=Reciprocating [[steam engine]], single propeller
|Ship speed={{convert|12|kn|lk=in|0}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship boats=
|Ship capacity={{convert|119500|cuft|m3|0}} (Bale)
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=(Navy) 93
|Ship crew=
|Ship time to activate=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=* 2 × single [[3"/50 caliber gun|{{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}}]] DP [[gun mounts]]
* 6 × single [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20 mm]] AA gun mounts
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''USS ''Uranus'' (AF-14)''' was a {{sclass|Uranus|stores ship}} [[bareboat charter]]ed to the [[U.S. Navy]] by the [[War Shipping Administration]] for use in [[World War II]]. The ship was one of the Danish vessels idled in U.S. ports seized by the United States after the occupation of Denmark by German forces. The ship was the Danish [[J. Lauritzen A/S]] line vessel '''''Maria''''', ex '''''Caravelle''''', ex '''''Helga''''' until chartered to the Navy and commissioned on 11 August 1941 under the name ''Uranus''.<ref group=note>Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS) erroneously has the name as ''Marie''. The name is ''Maria'' in all other references, including Maritime Administration records. After return to Danish registry ''Maria'' became ''Maria Dan'' 1946 under a new Danish naming system after return to Denmark.</ref>

''Uranus'' served in both the North Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, delivering food, including refrigerated items, to ships operating in the battle areas.

The ship was returned to Denmark and later, under new Danish naming rules, named '''''Maria Dan''''' until sold to Greece to be renamed '''''Michael''''' in 1959. The ship was scrapped in 1968.

== Commercial service ==
''Uranus'' (AF-14) was launched 21 December 1932 as the steamship ''Helga'' at [[Helsingør]] (Elsinore), near [[Copenhagen]], Denmark, by [[:da:Helsingør Skibsværft og Maskinbyggeri|Helsingør Jernskibs og Maskinbyggeri]] for the shipping company [[J. Lauritzen A/S]] and had previously operated as ''Caravelle'' (1938 to 1940) and ''Maria'', IMO 5233834 (1940 to 1941).<ref name=MARAD>{{cite web |url=https://vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/ShipHistory/Detail/9678 |title=Maria Dan |author=Maritime Administration |work=Ship History Database Vessel Status Card |publisher=U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration |access-date=19 September 2019}}</ref><ref name=Helga>{{cite web |url=http://www.faergejournalen.dk/handelsskibe/lauritzen/helga_1933.html |title=''Helga'' |access-date=19 September 2019}}</ref> Maritime Administration records show the ship as being {{GRT|1507}} and {{DWT|2255}} with a [[Ship measurements|Bale Capacity]] of {{convert|119500|cuft|m3|0}}.<ref name=MARAD/> The refrigerated ship served in the fruit trade between Denmark and Central American republics.<ref name=DANFS>{{cite DANFS |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/u/uranus.html |title=Uranus |author=Naval History And Heritage Command |date=20 October 2015 |work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships |publisher=Naval History And Heritage Command |access-date=20 September 2019}}</ref>

After [[Denmark in World War II|Germany occupied Denmark]] on 9 April 1940 inactive ships of Axis or Axis occupied countries in U.S. ports were seized under an Executive Order. ''Maria'' was one of the Danish vessels seized by the [[United States Maritime Commission]] and delivered to the War Shipping Administration (WSA) on 2 August 1941.<ref name=MARAD/><ref>{{cite web |title=Foreign Passenger and Cargo Ships Taken Over by U.S Maritime Commission during World War II |publisher=American Merchant Marine at War |date=2 March 2011 |url=http://www.usmm.org/foreign.html |access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref> WSA allocated the ship to the Navy under a bareboat charter agreement on 11 August 1941.<ref name=MARAD/>

==Navy service==
''Maria'' was converted to a naval stores ship by [[Robins Dry Dock & Repair Company|Robbins Drydock Co.]] yard at [[Brooklyn, New York]]. Renamed ''Uranus'' and classified AF-14, the ship was placed in commission at Brooklyn on 27 October 1941. During the ship's subsequent [[shakedown cruise|shakedown]] period, the Japanese attacked [[Pearl Harbor]]; and the United States entered World War II in both oceans. ''Uranus'' departed [[Norfolk, Virginia]], on 20 December and arrived at [[City of Halifax|Halifax, Nova Scotia]], on Christmas Eve. Five days later, she pushed on for Iceland.<ref name=DANFS/>

''Uranus'' served as a floating refrigerated storage vessel and provided stores and provisions to American forces in Iceland into the summer of 1943. During this time, her ports of call included [[Hvalfjörður]], Búðareyri, [[Seyðisfjörður]], [[Reykjavík]], and [[Akureyri]]. In these inhospitable and unpredictable northern waters, the ship ran aground off Akureyri while on a coastwise passage at 0129 on 10 April 1943, coming to a stop on a sloping gravel beach which was reputedly once the fairway between two holes of a coastal golf course. After repeated attempts, with the assistance of {{USS|Symbol|AM-123|6}} and {{USS|Kewaydin|AT-24|6}}, the storeship was finally refloated on the 13th.<ref name=DANFS/>

Following repairs, she departed Icelandic waters on 21 August, with men and equipment from a Navy [[Seabee|construction battalion]] on board but, due to contrary winds and currents, did not make port at her [[Davisville, Rhode Island]], destination until 3 September. After discharging passengers, the stores ship proceeded on for New York, arriving three days later. She then pressed south for [[Norfolk, Virginia]], where she soon commenced a lengthy overhaul. ''Uranus''—now outfitted with a new refrigeration system—departed the U.S. East Coast on 20 December and, five days later, reached a rendezvous with a [[convoy]] bound for the Pacific Ocean. Clearing the [[Panama Canal]] on the first day of 1944, the stores ship headed on for Pearl Harbor on 3 January, proceeding independently, and reached [[Oahu]] on the 23d.<ref name=DANFS/>

She conducted two round-trip Pacific passages between [[San Francisco, California]], and Pearl Harbor and [[Midway Island]], before she sailed for [[Majuro]] in the Marshalls. For the remainder of the year 1944, ''Uranus'' conducted routine cargo and stores-carrying runs between Midway Island and Pearl Harbor to the west and [[San Pedro, California]], to the east. Overhauled at San Francisco, California, in April 1945, the ship was based at this port for the remainder of the war in the Pacific. She subsequently participated in [[Operation Magic Carpet]] operations to bring veterans back to the United States from the erstwhile Pacific battle zones.<ref name=DANFS/>

Decommissioned on 8 May 1946 at Norfolk, ''Uranus'' was delivered to the [[War Shipping Administration]] of the Maritime Commission on 9 May and was struck from the [[Navy list]] on 21 May.<ref name=DANFS/>

==Return to commercial service==
The ship was returned to the Danish government and to her original owner, J. Lauritzen 16 May 1946, re-flagged Danish, registered at [[Esbjerg]], Denmark as ''Maria Dan'' modified to carry twelve cadets operating as a school ship in use until 1959.<ref name=MARAD/><ref name=Helga/><ref name=DANFS/> ''Maria Dan'' was converted from a school ship and sold in 1959 to Chrisot M. Sarlis, [[Piræus]], Greece and renamed ''Michael''.<ref name=Helga/> In 1968, after an engine room fire and declaration as a constructive total loss, the ship was sold for scrap and scrapped at [[Solin|Sveti Kajo, Croatia]].<ref name=Helga/>

== Footnotes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{DANFS|https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/u/uranus.html}}

== External links ==
{{Commonscat}}
* [https://mfs.dk/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/2000Koeleskibsfartfoerognu37-60.pdf Photos ''Maria'', pp. 53–54]
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/06/0614.htm NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive – AF-14 Uranus]
* [http://coasters-remembered.net/attachment.php?attachmentid=20840&d=1395433235 Photo: ''Maria Dan'']

{{April 1942 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uranus}}
[[Category:1933 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Helsingør]]
[[Category:Merchant ships of Denmark]]
[[Category:Merchant ships of Greece]]
[[Category:Stores ships of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:World War II auxiliary ships of the United States]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in April 1942]]

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