erat
See also: erät
Indonesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Malay erat, from Proto-Malayic *ərət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həʀət, from Proto-Austronesian *SəʀəC (“to bind tightly; belt”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /əˈrat/ [əˈrat̪̚]
- Rhymes: -at
- Syllabification: e‧rat
Adjective
editêrat
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “erat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈe.rat/, [ˈɛrät̪]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈe.rat/, [ˈɛːrät̪]
Verb
editerat
Descendants
editMalay
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Malayic *ərət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həʀət, from Proto-Austronesian *SəʀəC (“to bind tightly; belt”).
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editerat (Jawi spelling ارت)
Adjective
editerat (Jawi spelling ارت)
- tight, firm
- Saya memegang erat tangan anak saya semasa kami melintasi jalan yang sibuk itu.
- I kept a firm hold of my daughter’s hand as we crossed the busy street.
- Dia berasa selamat dalam pelukannya yang erat.
- She felt safe in his firm embrace.
Derived terms
editAffixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- pengerat [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- pengeratan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- keeratan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
- mengerat [agent focus] (meN-)
- mengeratkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dierat [patient focus] (di-)
- dieratkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- mempererat [causative agent focus] (mempeR-)
- dipererat [causative passive focus] (dipeR-)
- erat-erat [reduplication] (redup)
Descendants
edit- Indonesian: erat
Further reading
edit- “erat” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Swedish
editPronoun
editerat n
Usage notes
editCommon in speech.
Declension
editSwedish personal pronouns
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
singular | first | — | jag | mig, mej3 | min | mitt | mina |
second | — | du | dig, dej3 | din | ditt | dina | |
third | masculine (person) | han | honom, han2, en5 | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hon | henne, na5 | hennes | ||||
gender-neutral (person)1 | hen | hen, henom7 | hens | ||||
common (noun) | den | den | dess | ||||
neuter (noun) | det | det | dess | ||||
indefinite | man or en4 | en | ens | ||||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | ||
plural | first | — | vi | oss | vår, våran2 | vårt, vårat2 | våra |
second | — | ni | er | er, eran2, ers6 | ert, erat2 | era | |
archaic | I | eder | eder, eders6 | edert | edra | ||
third | — | de, dom3 | dem, dom3 | deras | |||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina |
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, though it remains limited.
2Informal
3Colloquial pronunciation spelling.
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council
Anagrams
editTurkish
editEtymology
editInherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?], equivalent to er (“soldier”) + -at
Pronunciation
editNoun
editerat (definite accusative eratı, uncountable)
References
edit- “erat”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “erat”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Categories:
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/at
- Rhymes:Indonesian/at/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian adjectives
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/rat
- Rhymes:Malay/at
- Malay lemmas
- Malay adverbs
- Malay terms with usage examples
- Malay adjectives
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish pronoun forms
- Swedish informal terms
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms suffixed with -at
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Turkish/ɑt
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Military
- Turkish terms with obsolete senses