TrES-4b is an extrasolar planet, and one of the largest exoplanets ever found. It was discovered in 2006, and announced in 2007, by the Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey, using the transit method. It is approximately 1,400 light-years (430 pc) away orbiting the star GSC 02620-00648, in the constellation Hercules.[1]
 Size comparison of TrES-4 with Jupiter | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Mandushev et al[1] |
| Discovery date | 2006–2007 |
| Transit | |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| 0.05091 ± 0.00071 AU (7.616 ± 0.106 million km)[2] | |
| Eccentricity | 0 |
| 3.553945 ± 0.000075 d | |
| Inclination | 82.86 ± 0.33[2] |
| Semi-amplitude | 86.1 |
| Star | GSC 02620-00648 A[2] |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 1.838+0.240 −0.238 RJ[3] | |
| Mass | 0.78±0.19 MJ[3] |
Mean density | 0.156+0.072 −0.071 g/cm3[3] |
| 7.04 ± 1.12 m/s2 (23.1 ± 3.7 ft/s2) 0.718 ± 0.114 g | |
| Temperature | 1782±29 K (1,509 °C; 2,748 °F, equilibrium)[2] |
Orbit
editA 2008 study concluded that the GSC 06200-00648 system (among others) is a binary star system allowing even more accurate determination of stellar and planetary parameters.[2]
TrES-4 orbits its primary star every 3.543 days and eclipses it when viewed from Earth.
The study in 2012, utilizing a Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, have determined the planetary orbit is probably aligned with the equatorial plane of the star, misalignment equal to 6.3±4.7°.[4]
Physical characteristics
editThe planet is slightly less massive than Jupiter (0.919 ± 0.073 MJ) but its diameter is 61% larger. Previously estimated to be 80% larger than Jupiter, it was considered the largest planet ever found at the time, giving it an average density of only about a third of a gram per cubic centimetre, approximately the same as Saturn's moon Methone. This made TrES-4b at the time of its discovery in 2007 both the largest-known planet and the planet with the lowest-known density.[2][1]
TrES-4b's orbital radius is 0.05091 AU, giving it a predicted surface temperature of about 1,782 K (1,509 °C; 2,748 °F). This by itself is not enough to explain the planet's low density, however. It is not currently known why TrES-4b is so large. The probable causes are the proximity to a parent star that is three to four times more luminous than the Sun as well as the internal heat within the planet.[2][1]
See also
edit- List of exoplanet extremes
- WASP-17b, another large exoplanet
References
edit- ^ a b c d Mandushev, Georgi; et al. (2007). "TrES-4: A Transiting Hot Jupiter of Very Low Density". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 667 (2): L195–L198. arXiv:0708.0834. Bibcode:2007ApJ...667L.195M. doi:10.1086/522115. S2CID 6087170.
- ^ a b c d e f g Daemgen, S.; Hormuth, F.; Brandner, W.; Bergfors, C.; Janson, M.; Hippler, S.; Henning, T. (2009). "Binarity of transit host stars - Implications for planetary parameters" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (2): 567–574. arXiv:0902.2179. Bibcode:2009A&A...498..567D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810988. S2CID 9893376.
- ^ a b c Johns, Daniel; Marti, Connor; Huff, Madison; McCann, Jacob; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Horner, Jonathan; Wright, Duncan J. (2018-11-01). "Revised Exoplanet Radii and Habitability Using Gaia Data Release 2". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 239 (1): 14. arXiv:1808.04533. Bibcode:2018ApJS..239...14J. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aae5fb. ISSN 0067-0049.
- ^ Albrecht, Simon; Winn, Joshua N.; Johnson, John A.; Howard, Andrew W.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Butler, R. Paul; Arriagada, Pamela; Crane, Jeffrey D.; Shectman, Stephen A.; Thompson, Ian B.; Hirano, Teruyuki; Bakos, Gaspar; Hartman, Joel D. (2012), "Obliquities of Hot Jupiter Host Stars: Evidence for Tidal Interactions and Primordial Misalignments", The Astrophysical Journal, 757 (1): 18, arXiv:1206.6105, Bibcode:2012ApJ...757...18A, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/18, S2CID 17174530
External links
editMedia related to TrES-4 at Wikimedia Commons
- "Team finds largest exoplanet yet". BBC News. 7 August 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- Miller, Barbara; staff reporters (7 August 2007). "New monster planet 'could float on water'". ABC News (Australia). Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- Than, Ker (6 August 2007). "Largest Known Exoplanet Discovered". Space.com news service. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
- Muir, Hazel (6 August 2007). "Largest known exoplanet puzzles astronomers". NewScientist.com news service. Retrieved 14 May 2023.