Superbird-B1, sometimes identified as Superbird-1B, was a geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Ford Aerospace on the SSL 1300 satellite bus. It was originally ordered by Space Communications Corporation (SCC), which later merged into the SKY Perfect JSAT Group.[4] It had a mixed Ku-band, Ka-band and X-band payload and was rushed into launch at the 162° East longitude due to the launch failure of Superbird-B.[5][6]
| Names | Superbird-1B |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Communication |
| Operator | Space Communications Corporation |
| COSPAR ID | 1992-010A [1] |
| SATCAT no. | 21893 |
| Mission duration | 10 years (planned) |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Superbird-B1 |
| Spacecraft type | Superbird |
| Bus | SSL 1300 |
| Manufacturer | Space Systems/Loral |
| Launch mass | 2,560 kg (5,640 lb) |
| Dimensions | Stowed: 2.41 m × 2.58 m × 2.20 m (7 ft 11 in × 8 ft 6 in × 7 ft 3 in) Solar arrays extended: 20.3 m (67 ft) |
| Power | 4 kW |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 26 February 1992, 23:58:10 UTC[2] |
| Rocket | Ariane-44L |
| Launch site | Centre Spatial Guyanais, ELA-2 |
| Contractor | Arianespace |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit[3] |
| Regime | Geostationary orbit |
| Longitude | 162° East |
| Transponders | |
| Band | 23 Ku-band 3 Ka-band 2 X-band |
| Coverage area | Japan |
It was ordered in 1985 along Superbird-A, Superbird-B and Superbird-A1 on the very first order of the SSL 1300 platform.[5][7][8][9] It was also the second satellite of SCC on orbit and the fourth commercial satellite of Japan to enter operations.[5] It was used for video distribution, news gathering, remote publishing and high definition TV service to the main islands of Japan and Okinawa.[1]
Satellite description
editThe spacecraft was the third satellite designed and manufactured by Ford Aerospace on the SSL 1300 satellite bus. It was based on the design of the Intelsat V series and offered a three-axis stabilized platform.[5][7][8][9]
It had a launch mass of 2,560 kg (5,640 lb) and a 10-year design life.[1] When stowed for launch, its dimensions were 2.41 m × 2.58 m × 2.20 m (7 ft 11 in × 8 ft 6 in × 7 ft 3 in). With its solar panels fully extended it spanned 20.3 m (67 ft). Its power system generated approximately 4 kW of power due to two wings with three solar panels each.[5] It also had two NiH2 batteries to survive the solar eclipses. It would serve as the main satellite on the 162°E longitude position of the Superbird fleet.[5][10]
Its propulsion system included an R-4D-11 liquid apogee engine (LAE) with a thrust of 490 N (110 lbf).[5] It included enough propellant for orbit circularization and 10 years of operation.[5]
Its payload is composed of 23 Ku-band plus 3 Ka-band and 2 X-band transponders.[5]
History
editSpace Communications Corporation (SCC) was founded in 1985, the same year as the original companies that later formed JSAT.[11] In 1986, SCC ordered four spacecraft, Superbird-1, Superbird-2, Superbird-A1 and Superbird-B1, from Ford Aerospace, which became Space Systems/Loral in October 1990.[8]
On 22 February 1990 at 23:17:00 UTC, Superbird-2 launch failed and the satellite was lost.[6] Thus, Superbird-B1 was rushed and delivered in just 19 months.[5][10] On 26 February 1992 at 23:58:10 UTC Superbird-B1, the fourth private communications satellite of Japan to orbit, was launched aboard an Ariane 44L along Arabsat-1C.[5] It was injected into a 222 km × 35,776 km × 7° geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO), from which it climbed through three liquid apogee engine (LAE) firings.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "Display: Superbird B1 1992-010A". NASA. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Trajectory: Superbird B1 1992-010A". NASA. 10 February 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "SUPERBIRD B1". N2YO.com. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
- ^ "Superbird-1, -2". SSL (company). Archived from the original on 2016-07-22. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Krebs, Gunter (2016-08-18). "Superbird A, A1, B, B1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-04-17.
- ^ a b Wade, Mark. "Ariane 44L". Encyclopaedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved 2016-04-17.
- ^ a b "Industry Pioneer Marks Milestone, Continues to Lead in Providing High-Power Commercial Satellites, Helping Operators Meet Business Objectives". SSL (company). July 17, 2007. Archived from the original on 2016-08-19. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
- ^ a b c "Awards & Launch History - 1300 Bus Satellites". SSL (company). Archived from the original on 2015-08-12. Retrieved 2016-07-30.
- ^ a b "Celebrating Fifty Years of Satellite Innovation". SSL (company). Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
- ^ a b "Superbird". Global Security. Retrieved 2016-07-28.
- ^ "History". SKY Perfect JSAT. Retrieved 2016-07-28.