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Che or cheem (چ) is a letter of the Persian alphabet, used to represent [t͡ʃ], and which derives from ǧīm (ج) by the addition of two dots. It is found with this value in other Arabic-derived scripts. It is based on the jim ج. It is used in Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Kurdish, Uyghur, Kashmiri, Azerbaijani, Ottoman Turkish, Malay (Jawi), Javanese (Pegon), and other Indo-Iranian languages. It is also one of the five letters the Persian alphabet added from the twenty-eight inherited from the Arabic alphabet (the others being ژ, پ, and گ in addition to the obsolete ڤ). In name and shape, it is a variant of jim. Its numerical value is 3000 (see Abjad numerals).
| Che | |
|---|---|
| Persian | چ |
| Phonemic representation | tʃ |
| Position in alphabet | 30 |
| Numerical value | 3000 |
| Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician | |
| Position in word | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: (Help) |
چ | ـچ | ـچـ | چـ |
When representing this sound in transliteration of Persian into Hebrew, it is written as ג׳ gimel and a geresh.
In Arabic
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The letter چ can be used to transcribe [t͡ʃ] in Gulf Arabic and Iraqi Arabic dialects, where they have that sound natively as in "چلب" /tʃalb/ (dog) instead of "كلب" /kalb/. Since the sound is not part of Standard Arabic’s phonology; In most of the rest of Arabic-speaking geographic regions, the combination of tāʾ-šīn (تش) is more likely used to transliterate the /t͡ʃ/ sound which is often realized as two consonants ([t]+[ʃ]) as in "تشاد" /tʃaːd/ (Chad) and "التشيك" /at.tʃiːk/ (Czech Republic).
In Egypt, this letter represents [ʒ], which can be a reduction of /d͡ʒ/, It is called gīm be talat noʾaṭ (جيم بتلات نقط "Gīm with three dots") there. The /ʒ/ pronunciation is also proposed for South Arabian minority languages, like Mehri and Soqotri.
In Israel, where official announcements are often trilingual or triscripted, this letter represents [ɡ] on roadsigns when transcribing Hebraized place names. It has also been used as /g/ in Lebanon for transliteration such as "چامبيا" (The Gambia) and "چوچل" (Google).[1]
Character encodings
edit| Preview | چ | |
|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER TCHEH | |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1670 | U+0686 |
| UTF-8 | 218 134 | DA 86 |
| Numeric character reference | چ |
چ |
| Preview | ڜ | |
|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER SEEN WITH THREE DOTS BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE | |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1692 | U+069C |
| UTF-8 | 218 156 | DA 9C |
| Numeric character reference | ڜ |
ڜ |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ أطلس دول العالم الكبير Archived 2017-06-30 at the Wayback Machine
