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rdfs:label: Gastric bypass surgery Gastrisk bypass Гастрошунтирование Gastric bypass 胃繞道手術 Bypass gástrico Baipás gástrico Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass 胃バイパス手術 Bypass gastrico By-pass gastrique جراحة المجازة المعدية
rdfs:comment: Gastric bypass surgery refers to a technique in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch and then the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both. Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric bypass procedures (GBP). Any GBP leads to a marked reduction in the functional volume of the stomach, accompanied by an altered physiological and physical response to food. Een gastric bypass of maagomleiding is een operatie waarbij de maag wordt verkleind en het spijsverteringskanaal wordt omgelegd. Letterlijk betekent de term omzeilen van de maag. Met deze ingreep kunnen ernstige vormen van overgewicht behandeld worden, vooral de zogeheten morbide obesitas. De ingreep is ingewikkeld en ingrijpend, maar kan vaak laparoscopisch worden uitgevoerd. De maag wordt verkleind, soms tot slechts 10% van zijn oorspronkelijke omvang, en verderop op de dunne darm aangesloten. Der Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass (RYGB), kurz Magenbypass (englisch Gastric Bypass), ist das Ergebnis eines operativen Eingriffs der Adipositaschirurgie, bei dem die Nahrungspassage durch den Magen-Darm-Trakt durch zwei künstlich geschaffene Verbindungen (Anastomosen) so umgeleitet wird, dass große Teile des Magens und Teile des Dünndarms umgangen werden. Die Verkleinerung des Magens begrenzt die aufnehmbare Nahrungsmenge, gleichzeitig führt die Verkürzung der Darmpassage zu einer gewollten Malabsorption. Bei stark adipösen Personen erzielt der Eingriff in der Regel eine längerfristig stabile Gewichtsreduktion. In vielen Fällen kommt es auch zur Remission eines als Begleiterkrankung der Adipositas auftretenden Diabetes mellitus. Gastrisk bypass, GB, är ett operativt ingrepp för viktminskning, där största delen av magsäcken och en del av tunntarmen kopplas bort, så att maten inte passerar dessa delar. Istället kopplas den nedkortade tunntarmen direkt till en liten ficka av kvarvarande magsäck strax efter matstrupen och tolvfingertarmen kopplas in längre ned på tunntarmen. 胃繞道手術是一种手術，此類手術將胃切割成一大一小的胃，然后用小肠將兩個胃連接起來。只有小胃可以消化食物，這樣可以減少食慾以達到控制體重的目的。胃繞道手術可用於治疗肥胖症（身高體重指數指数大于40）、2型糖尿病、高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停和其他共病症。与所有手术一样，接受胃繞道手術的病人可能会出现并发症。2005年至2006年的一项研究显示，15%的病人因接受胃绕道手术而出现并发症，0.5%的病人在手术后六个月内因并发症而死亡。 Con il termine generico di bypass gastrico, in campo chirurgico, si intendono una pluralità di operazioni chirurgiche atte a contrastare la grave obesità. Il bypass gastrico è un intervento di chirurgia bariatrica di tipo misto ad azione prevalentemente funzionale, in quanto raggruppa le due componenti d'azione di "gastrorestrizione" e di "malassorbimento". Un bypass gastrique (également orthographié by-pass gastrique), ou court-circuit gastrique, est une opération chirurgicale consistant à réduire le volume de l'estomac et à modifier le circuit alimentaire. Il s'agit d'un type de chirurgie bariatrique destinée à traiter certains cas d'obésité importante. Гастрошунтирование, желудочное шунтирование — операция шунтирования желудка, при которой большая часть желудка отсекается, создается маленький желудочек, и к нему пришивается петля тонкой кишки. Пациент съедает меньше пищи, получает меньше питательных веществ и его вес снижается. Uma cirurgia de bypass gástrico é um procedimento cirúrgico em que o estômago é seccionado de forma a criar uma pequena bolsa na parte superior que restringe a quantidade de alimentos que a pessoa consegue ingerir. É também desviada uma parte do intestino delgado, de forma a atrasar a mistura dos alimentos com os sucos digestivos. Ao ingerir alimentos, o estômago enche-se rapidamente e envia ao cérebro um sinal que é interpretado como . A técnica é uma modalidade de cirurgia bariátrica usada no tratamento da obesidade. تشير جراحة المجازة المَعِدِيّة (بالإنجليزية: Gastric bypass surgery)‏ إلى عملية تقسم فيها المعدة إلى جيب علوي صغير وجيب سفلي أكبر بكثير (بقاوة) ثم يعاد ترتيب الأمعاء الدقيقة لتتصل بكليهما. طور الجرّاحون عدة طرق مختلفة لإعادة توصيل الأمعاء، ما يؤدي إلى العديد من إجراءات المجازات المعدية المختلفة (GBP). التي تؤدي إلى انخفاض ملحوظ في الحجم الوظيفي للمعدة، مصحوبة بتغيير في الاستجابة الفسيولوجية والجسدية للطعام. El baipás o bypass gástrico o cirugía de derivación gástrica es una de las técnicas de cirugía bariátrica, es decir para tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida y es un procedimiento de tipo mixto: restrictivo y malabsortivo. Es la técnica más utilizada en EUA y en otros países, debido a su escasa morbimortalidad, buenos resultados a largo plazo y excelente calidad de vida tras la cirugía. 胃バイパス手術（いばいぱすしゅじゅつ, 英: gastric bypass surgery）とは、胃を上部の小さな袋と下部の大きな袋に分け、さらに小腸のルートを変更（バイパス）して消化吸収を阻害する手術である。病的肥満が手術適応となる。本項では、他の減量手術についても併せて扱う。
dbp:name: Gastric bypass surgery
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dbp:caption: A diagram of a gastric bypass .
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dbo:abstract: Un bypass gastrique (également orthographié by-pass gastrique), ou court-circuit gastrique, est une opération chirurgicale consistant à réduire le volume de l'estomac et à modifier le circuit alimentaire. Il s'agit d'un type de chirurgie bariatrique destinée à traiter certains cas d'obésité importante. Gastric bypass surgery refers to a technique in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch and then the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both. Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric bypass procedures (GBP). Any GBP leads to a marked reduction in the functional volume of the stomach, accompanied by an altered physiological and physical response to food. The operation is prescribed to treat morbid obesity (defined as a body mass index greater than 40), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and other comorbid conditions. Bariatric surgery is the term encompassing all of the surgical treatments for morbid obesity, not just gastric bypasses, which make up only one class of such operations. The resulting weight loss, typically dramatic, markedly reduces comorbidities. The long-term mortality rate of gastric bypass patients has been shown to be reduced by up to 40%. As with all surgery, complications may occur. A study from 2005 to 2006 revealed that 15% of patients experienced complications as a result of gastric bypass, and 0.5% of patients died within six months of surgery due to complications. A meta-analysis of 174,772 participants published in The Lancet in 2021 found that bariatric surgery was associated with 59% and 30% reduction in all-cause mortality among obese adults with or without type 2 diabetes respectively. This meta-analysis also found that median life-expectancy was 9.3 years longer for obese adults with diabetes who received bariatric surgery as compared to routine (non-surgical) care, whereas the life expectancy gain was 5.1 years longer for obese adults without diabetes. Con il termine generico di bypass gastrico, in campo chirurgico, si intendono una pluralità di operazioni chirurgiche atte a contrastare la grave obesità. Il bypass gastrico è un intervento di chirurgia bariatrica di tipo misto ad azione prevalentemente funzionale, in quanto raggruppa le due componenti d'azione di "gastrorestrizione" e di "malassorbimento". Гастрошунтирование, желудочное шунтирование — операция шунтирования желудка, при которой большая часть желудка отсекается, создается маленький желудочек, и к нему пришивается петля тонкой кишки. Пациент съедает меньше пищи, получает меньше питательных веществ и его вес снижается. Gastrisk bypass, GB, är ett operativt ingrepp för viktminskning, där största delen av magsäcken och en del av tunntarmen kopplas bort, så att maten inte passerar dessa delar. Istället kopplas den nedkortade tunntarmen direkt till en liten ficka av kvarvarande magsäck strax efter matstrupen och tolvfingertarmen kopplas in längre ned på tunntarmen. تشير جراحة المجازة المَعِدِيّة (بالإنجليزية: Gastric bypass surgery)‏ إلى عملية تقسم فيها المعدة إلى جيب علوي صغير وجيب سفلي أكبر بكثير (بقاوة) ثم يعاد ترتيب الأمعاء الدقيقة لتتصل بكليهما. طور الجرّاحون عدة طرق مختلفة لإعادة توصيل الأمعاء، ما يؤدي إلى العديد من إجراءات المجازات المعدية المختلفة (GBP). التي تؤدي إلى انخفاض ملحوظ في الحجم الوظيفي للمعدة، مصحوبة بتغيير في الاستجابة الفسيولوجية والجسدية للطعام. توصف العملية من أجل علاج السمنة المرضية (التي يصل مؤشر كتلة الجسم فيها إلى أكثر من 40)، ومرض السكري من النمط الثاني، وارتفاع ضغط الدم، وتوقف التنفس أثناء النوم، وغيرها من الحالات المرضية المصاحبة. جراحة السمنة هي المصطلح الذي يشمل جميع العلاجات الجراحية للسمنة المرضية، وليس فقط المجازات المعدية، والتي تشكل فئة واحدة فقط من هذه العمليات. ويقلل فقدان الوزن الناتج -الذي عادة ما يكون دراماتيكيًا- من الأمراض المصاحبة. تبين أن معدل الوفيات على المدى الطويل لمرضى المجازة المعدية قد انخفض بنسبة تصل إلى 40%. مثلما هو الحال مع جميع العمليات الجراحية، قد تحدث مضاعفات. كشفت دراسة من 2005 إلى 2006 أن 15% من المرضى يعانون من مضاعفات نتيجة المجازة المعدية، بالإضافة إلى التسبب بالوفاة لـ0.5% من المرضى في غضون ستة أشهر من الجراحة بسبب المضاعفات. بين تحليل تلوي لـ 174772 مشارك نُشر في مجلة لانسيت في عام 2021 أن جراحة علاج البدانة كانت مرتبطة بانخفاض 59% و30% في جميع أسباب الوفيات بين البالغين المصابين بالسمنة سواء كانوا مصابين بداء السكري من النمط الثاني أو غير مصابين به. وجد هذا التحليل التلوي أيضًا أن متوسط العمر المتوقع كان أطول بـ 9.3 سنوات للبالغين المصابين بالسمنة المصابين بداء السكري الذين خضعوا لجراحة علاج السمنة مقارنة بالرعاية الروتينية (غير الجراحية)، في حين أن متوسط العمر المتوقع كان أطول بـ 5.1 سنة للبالغين الذين يعانون من السمنة المفرطة غير المصابين بداء السكري. 胃繞道手術是一种手術，此類手術將胃切割成一大一小的胃，然后用小肠將兩個胃連接起來。只有小胃可以消化食物，這樣可以減少食慾以達到控制體重的目的。胃繞道手術可用於治疗肥胖症（身高體重指數指数大于40）、2型糖尿病、高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停和其他共病症。与所有手术一样，接受胃繞道手術的病人可能会出现并发症。2005年至2006年的一项研究显示，15%的病人因接受胃绕道手术而出现并发症，0.5%的病人在手术后六个月内因并发症而死亡。 Een gastric bypass of maagomleiding is een operatie waarbij de maag wordt verkleind en het spijsverteringskanaal wordt omgelegd. Letterlijk betekent de term omzeilen van de maag. Met deze ingreep kunnen ernstige vormen van overgewicht behandeld worden, vooral de zogeheten morbide obesitas. De ingreep is ingewikkeld en ingrijpend, maar kan vaak laparoscopisch worden uitgevoerd. De maag wordt verkleind, soms tot slechts 10% van zijn oorspronkelijke omvang, en verderop op de dunne darm aangesloten. Deze ingreep gaat verder dan een maagverkleining, waarbij slechts de maag wordt verkleind en er eventueel een maagband wordt geplaatst. Uma cirurgia de bypass gástrico é um procedimento cirúrgico em que o estômago é seccionado de forma a criar uma pequena bolsa na parte superior que restringe a quantidade de alimentos que a pessoa consegue ingerir. É também desviada uma parte do intestino delgado, de forma a atrasar a mistura dos alimentos com os sucos digestivos. Ao ingerir alimentos, o estômago enche-se rapidamente e envia ao cérebro um sinal que é interpretado como . A técnica é uma modalidade de cirurgia bariátrica usada no tratamento da obesidade. El baipás o bypass gástrico o cirugía de derivación gástrica es una de las técnicas de cirugía bariátrica, es decir para tratamiento de la obesidad mórbida y es un procedimiento de tipo mixto: restrictivo y malabsortivo. Es la técnica más utilizada en EUA y en otros países, debido a su escasa morbimortalidad, buenos resultados a largo plazo y excelente calidad de vida tras la cirugía. Der Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass (RYGB), kurz Magenbypass (englisch Gastric Bypass), ist das Ergebnis eines operativen Eingriffs der Adipositaschirurgie, bei dem die Nahrungspassage durch den Magen-Darm-Trakt durch zwei künstlich geschaffene Verbindungen (Anastomosen) so umgeleitet wird, dass große Teile des Magens und Teile des Dünndarms umgangen werden. Die Verkleinerung des Magens begrenzt die aufnehmbare Nahrungsmenge, gleichzeitig führt die Verkürzung der Darmpassage zu einer gewollten Malabsorption. Bei stark adipösen Personen erzielt der Eingriff in der Regel eine längerfristig stabile Gewichtsreduktion. In vielen Fällen kommt es auch zur Remission eines als Begleiterkrankung der Adipositas auftretenden Diabetes mellitus. Der Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass und der Schlauchmagen sind aktuell die beiden häufigsten Verfahren der Adipositaschirurgie. Im Jahr 2014 wurde in Deutschland in 4083 Fällen ein Magenbypass bei Adipositaspatienten gelegt. Der Eingriff ist benannt nach dem Schweizer Chirurgen César Roux (1857–1934), der als erster eine Y-förmige Anastomose anlegte, wie sie beim Roux-en-Y-Magenbypass im Bereich des Leerdarms geschaffen wird. 胃バイパス手術（いばいぱすしゅじゅつ, 英: gastric bypass surgery）とは、胃を上部の小さな袋と下部の大きな袋に分け、さらに小腸のルートを変更（バイパス）して消化吸収を阻害する手術である。病的肥満が手術適応となる。本項では、他の減量手術についても併せて扱う。
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